Global Journal of HUMAN-SOCIAL SCIENCE: A Arts & Humanities - Psychology Volume 19 Issue 8 Version 1.0 Year 2019 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Online ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X ‘Neither Peace nor Love or Dream’: Man’s Quest for the Meaning of Life in Jibanananda By Biswarup Das Abstract- The primary quest of humanity is for happiness and the meaning of life. Most people throughout life remain unaware of the ‘individual self,’ the foundation of one’s identity, and tread on the known ways of the society to make life meaningful. Consequently, the ‘being’ of such a person fails to come to existence. Only a few are ever able to become conscious of this ‘self’ in moments of pure reflection enabled by a complete divorce from the social presence. The consciousness leads to a concurrent awareness of the meaninglessness of the world and the true concept of freedom. Freedom fetches agony with the realization of the sole responsibility of one’s choice. A person is then either on the way to construct the meaning of life and find happiness in a personalized way or get crushed at the burden of his anguish. The consciousness of the individual self, the awareness of personal freedom in a fundamentally meaningless world, and the consequence of this consciousness in both its aspects – all the facets of man’s existential problem have been portrayed in the lines of the great Bengali poet Jibanananda Das (1899 – 1954) with poignancy and vividness. We can, at the same time, parallel the situation presented in his poetry with his personal life. Keywords: self, freedom, choice, anguish, happiness, meaning. GJHSS-A Classification: FOR Code: 130205p NeitherPeacenorLoveorDreamMansQuestfortheMeaningofLifeinJibanananda Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2019. Biswarup Das. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ‘Neither Peace nor Love or Dream’: Man’s Quest for the Meaning of Life in Jibanananda Biswarup Das Abstract- The primary quest of humanity is for happiness and of which he does not himself know accurately (as it the meaning of life. Most people throughout life remain surely is a myth created by the society). But if one day, unaware of the ‘individual self,’ the foundation of one’s identity, while away from the crowd, a question like ‘where does and tread on the known ways of the society to make life my engagement lead me to?’ or ‘am I really the one I’ve meaningful. Consequently, the ‘being’ of such a person fails to known myself to be?’ emerges in his heart, the orderly come to existence. Only a few are ever able to become 2019 conscious of this ‘self’ in moments of pure reflection enabled world suddenly seems broken into pieces. He finds by a complete divorce from the social presence. The himself lost in the abyss of its meaninglessness. The ear consciousness leads to a concurrent awareness of the way of living the society has taught him, the ‘oughts’ Y meaninglessness of the world and the true concept of and ‘shoulds’ he was practicing until the present seem 29 freedom. Freedom fetches agony with the realization of the to lose their significance. His consciousness is turned sole responsibility of one’s choice. A person is then either on away from the world to himself – from the ‘unreflective’ the way to construct the meaning of life and find happiness in to the ‘reflective’ level (Sartre, ‘The Transcendence of the a personalized way or get crushed at the burden of his Ego,’ 8, 9) – and he realizes that all along he was in an anguish. The consciousness of the individual self, the effort to escape the latent agony of his soul. He awareness of personal freedom in a fundamentally meaningless world, and the consequence of this questions the relevance of the socially designed affairs consciousness in both its aspects – all the facets of man’s and finds those to be absurd. He discovers painfully that existential problem have been portrayed in the lines of the the activities he had until the present kept himself busy great Bengali poet Jibanananda Das (1899 – 1954) with in were merely to avoid the boredom of existence. This poignancy and vividness. We can, at the same time, parallel discovery is the first step of self-realization, a movement the situation presented in his poetry with his personal life. towards the exploration of the subjective entity from the Keywords: self, freedom, choice, anguish, happiness, objective one. However, the self-reflection of the meaning. individual also brings in him a sense of alienation. It is because he can no longer seek meaning or contentment ) ntroduction A I in the models available in the human world – the myth of ( Volume XIX Issue VIII Version I he fundamental question of human life is perhaps success or the morality centred on the concept of related to the meaning of existence. The ‘good’ or of ‘God’ or even the totalizing structure of the T complexity and demand of the modern world, society. Meditating deeply he realizes that as a being he however, scarcely permit one to ruminate over it. Right is free. It is not that until now, he was not ‘free’ in the from the birth of consciousness in an individual, he is ordinary human sense of the word. But his realization - taught by the society the undertakings necessary to live now tells him that what he had known to be freedom is and prosper in the world. The individual gets engaged in not really that, that the political or the social or even the the worldly affairs taking the engagement as something religious significance of liberty is a hoax. He feels that natural, for such ‘affairs’ is the only thing present to his true freedom can be realized only with the awakening to consciousness. He almost loses his ability to think the meaninglessness of the world. The feeling begets otherwise. The society subtly robs him of his identity by acute anguish in his heart and he comprehends that he presenting before him the standards that he necessarily needs to construct the meaning of life in his own way. If needs to follow to become an ideal human being. He he wants happiness or contentment he should search gradually but unknowingly is reduced to a unit of the for it personally. Even the ‘God’ in whom he can find system losing himself in the web of the crowd. ‘The solace is to be looked for in his own soul in the Global Journal of Human Social Science crowd is untruth,’ but the individual who has never really conception of his subjective paradise. He thus succeeded in becoming one thinks ‘where the crowd is, comprehends that he himself is the author of his the truth is also, that it is a need in truth itself, that it must subjective world. ‘But what should I do now?’ – the have the crowd on its side’ (Kierkegaard, ‘The Crowd is question starts haunting him like a nightmare. Now Untruth,’ 8). Being unaware of the fact that he can also comes the decisive moment of his life, the moment when have a discrete ‘self,’ he keeps himself busy in the ways he needs to choose, and his choice is essential for on it of the world to attain ‘success,’ a concept the meaning depends his existence or his catastrophe. If he is able to choose correctly, his life acquires meaning, and he Author: e-mail: [email protected] succeedes in transcending the ‘facticity’ (Spade, ‘Jean- ©2019 Global Journals ‘Neither Peace nor Love or Dream’: Man’s Quest for the Meaning of Life in Jibanananda Paul Sartre’s Being and Nothingness,’ 172) of his self. to confront the anguish of life because he can no longer But because the meaning is subjectively founded, he thrust the responsibility of his choosing on an external needs to bear the whole responsibility of its outcome at subject. He is the sole author of his life and needs to the same time. accept its outcome even though it is a failure. The awakening to an awareness of having a Jibanananda Das was one such penetrating soul whose self, the dilemma at this awareness, the quest for literary career brings out the anguish of subjective contentment and the meaning of life, the choice leading existence. His first collection of poetry ‘Jhara Palak’ to the construction of meaning or to catastrophe – all the (Fallen Feathers) came out in 1927. The collection bears aspects of man’s search for his subjective existence in a the influence of Kazi Nazrul Islam, Satyendranath Dutta, world devoid of meaning reverberate poignantly in the and Mohitlal Mazumder. But soon he was able to shift lines of the modern Bengali poet Jibanananda Das his attention from the external influences and walk (1899 –1954). In a world like this, ‘essence’ always ahead on the road of poetry on his own to explore the ‘precedes existence’ (Sartre, ‘Existentialism and Human undiscovered region it led to, an effort symbolizing his 2019 Emotions,’ 13). ‘What am I – a specter or a soul?’ Cries pursuit of subjective identity. His very next collection out the speaker’s heart in Jibanananda’s ‘Spectral’ (from ‘Dhushor Pandulipi’ (Grey Manuscript, 1936), is a ear ‘Agranthita Kavita’). The speaker as if articulates the manifestation of his success in achieving a poetic Y ardent longing of the poet’s soul.