The Brisbane Line VOL 4: ISSUE 2 - June 2016 From the Editor’s Desk Table of Contents Technological advances within the military are being made on a daily basis and today’s Defence Force continues to embrace this change. In light of these changes suitable strategies need to be sought to manage, RUSI Special Notice …………………………….. P. 1 tactical and strategic warfare. RUSI is adopting a more contemporary lecture program and it is important that future lectures culminate with Australia’s Amphibious Forces in 2016 .. P. 2 the relevance of lessons learnt, for today’s military. In Cyber Space, No One Can Hear You In this edition we’re covering a range of topics, beginning with COL Scream – Defence of the Digital Spectrum ……………………………………………………………. P. 4 Dunn’s presentation on Australia’s amphibious capability. This is followed by Paul Johnstone’s article on the very topical subject of cyber warfare President’s Report ……………………………… P. 8 and Ross Eastgate provides insight into the role of a UN observer in the Secretary’s Notes ……………………………….. P. 9 Middle East. 2016 Lecture Program ………………………. P. 9 We than change direction and conclude with LTCOL Mark Smith Library Report ……………………………………. P. 9 comparing two author’s views on Clausewitz’s book “On War”. Robin Brittain The Arab-Israeli Wars 1967-1982 – A UN Observer’s Story …………...………… P. 10 The Dead Prussian: Is Clausewitz Relevant SPECIAL NOTICE: ON DISTRIBUTION OF “THE BRISBANE LINE” st to Conflict in the 21 Century Dead … P. 12 The RUSIQ Committee has approved a change to the way the Brisbane About the Authors ………………………….. P. 15 Line will be distributed. From this June 2016 Edition, all RUSIQ Members with an email address will receive their copy by email. The previous policy Vale …………………………………………………. P. 15 of “opting-in” to receive by email has been changed to an “opt-out” What is RUSI …………………………………… P. 16 policy. This has become necessary because of the major increase in the cost of printing and posting the hard copy document following the increase in the charges of the printer and Australian Post. RUSIQ is also losing its annual grant from Defence. Members who do not have a registered email address will still have a hard copy posted if they have not collected a copy at a Lecture. Email Members wishing to still receive a hard copy by mail should discuss their requirement with the Secretary. Spare hard copies will be available in the RUSI Hall. A publication of the Royal United Service Institute Queensland Inc. Promoting Australia’s National Security & Defence A constituent Body of the Royal United Services Institute of Australia Victoria Barracks, Brisbane QLD 4000 Correspondence to: Tel: (07) 3233 4420 RUSI – Queensland Branch (07) 3233 4616 Victoria Barracks Brisbane Email: [email protected] ENOGGERA QLD 4051 Web: www.rusi.org.au The Brisbane Line Page 2 Australia’s Amphibious Forces in 2016 Based on presentation by Colonel T. J. Dunne USMC, COL AMPHIB DJFHQ, at RUSI Hall on Wednesday 17th February 2016 Colonel Dunne’s presentation outlined our nation's newest joint military capability, Australia's Amphibious Force (AAF) which centers on two Canberra Class LHDs, HMAS Canberra and HMAS Adelaide. This capability is a commitment by Defence to train and operate an integrated joint Defence Force. It requires Army, Navy and the RAAF to plan and exercise jointly as capability is not ships but the ability to deliver joint effects when and where required. Col Dunne provided a historic background and strategic guidance that Photo 1: HMAS Canberra with MRH-90’s & Landing Craft underpins this force, and linked the requirement to shortfalls experienced during operations in East Timor and specific Defence White Papers (DWP) requirements written since then. With regards to a contribution to regional stability, DWP 13 specifically required Defence to "Create an enduring joint amphibious presence in the South Pacific through bilateral agreements and multilateral activities. He outlined the AAF's roles and missions, which are regional engagement, crisis response and contingency response. The method that AAF employed was detailed in the AAF Concept of Employment, which articulates the evolved role, organization, and tasks of the AAF. Much of the Concept of Employment covers details on how to employ LHDs, which have the ability to embark over a thousand-strong landing force, operate four landing craft, and fly all of Army and Navy's helicopters. The Spanish designed Canberra Class LHD has two surgery bays and an intensive care unit, can conduct amphibious operations up to sea state 4, and has endurance for up to 45 days without resupply. This is a marked increase in capacity and capability over the legacy LSH Tobruk and the LPAs Manoora and Kanimbla. Photo 2: LHD Landing Craft approaches the Dock Colonel Dunne outlined elements of the joint force involved in amphibious joint collective training events known as the SEA Series. ADF forces from across the spectrum were involved but center around the Amphibious Task Group headquarters, commanded by the Commander Amphibious Task Force (CATF) and two reinforced combat teams provided by 2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, commanded by Commander Landing Forces (CLF). Other maritime forces included HMAS Canberra and crew, a fast frigate, divers, and the Maritime Operational Health Unit to man the ships hospital. Other land forces included a troop (4) of MRH- 90s, cavalry, Close Health Platoon, and members of 108 Battery. Photo 3: 2 RAR diggers re-embark on HMAS Canberra Landing Craft These forces trained alongside Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) and Australian Federal Police (AFP) in a walk-crawl-run fashion last August through September and were certified ready to conduct Humanitarian and Disaster Relief (HADR) and Non-combatant Evacuation (NEO) in permissive environments. To show the efficacy of this force, Colonel Dunne presented a short video highlighting the very joint nature of this capability. (Shortly after Colonel Dunne's presentation, the AAF was called upon to respond to the cyclone devastation in Fiji, where it provided support and relief for over a month). Australia’s Amphibious Forces in 2016 c’td on P. 3 The Brisbane Line Page 3 Australia’s Amphibious Forces in 2016 c’td from P. 2 To conclude, Colonel Dunne highlighted plans for 2016 and 2017 to bring the AAF from Interim Operational Capability (IOC) to Full Operational Capability. That training plan will see the AAF take on additional combat roles, culminating in a certification of the Amphibious Ready Group consisting of all three amphibious ships and escorts, embarked with a landing force of a Battle Group reinforced. He then detailed how the force might be used in the future to realize the requirement to provide for an "enduring amphibious presence in the region. Colonel Terence J. Dunne COL Terence Dunne was born in the Bronx, New York, attended University of Virginia, graduated with a BA (International Relations) and commissioned as 2LT through the Platoon Leader’s Class (PLC) Program. In 1989 commenced active duty at The Basic School (TBS) and upon completion of TBS and Infantry Officers’ Course reported to Naval Aviation Training Command for primary flight training at NAS Corpus Christi, Texas. He completed jet training in Meridian, Mississippi and was winged Naval Aviator in 1992 and reported to MCAS Cherry Point, North Carolina for instruction as an AV-8B Pilot at VMAT-203 in March 1993. He undertook Harrier training in 1994, and reported to VMA-211 in MCAS Yuma, Arizona deployed to MCAS Iwakuni, Japan with the Unit Deployment Program. In 1996, he joined VMA-311, deployed to Okinawa, Japan as Harrier Det’s Aviation Safety Officer of HMM-262 (REIN) to support the 31st MEU. After his tour returned to MCAS Cherry Point and reported to VMAT-203 as AV-8B Flight Instructor and squadron Flight Officer. In 2000, he attended the Weapons and Tactics Instructors Course and finished his tour as the Hawk’s Squadron’s Pilot Training Officer. COL Dunne reported to RN Air Station Yeovilton in Somerset, England as an Exchange Officer in 2001. After conversion to FA-2 Sea Harrier’s he served as Pilot Training Officer for 801 Naval Air Squadron with deployments to Poland, Spain, the US, including service aboard HMS Ark Royal. In 2002, he assumed duties as Operations Officer of 899 Naval Air Squadron, the Fleet’s Operational Conversion Unit for FA-2s. He instructed replacement pilots as a Radar Training Officer with deployments to the Netherlands, Scotland and Hungary. COL Dunne reported to US II MEF Headquarters, Camp Lejuene in 2003, NC for assignment in the G3 and served in Force Effects Coordination Centre as Assistant Air Officer and MAGTF planner for MEFEX 04 and OIF 04-06. In 2004, reported to MAG-14 assigned to VMA-231 as squadron’s Operations Officer and in 2005 selected as OIC of VMA-223’s 6-plane 22 MEU Detachment and served as the Executive Officer of HMM-261(REIN). After 6 months combat deployment in Al Anbar province, reported to MAG-14 as Operations Officer and in 2007, COL Dunne reported to 2d MAW (Fwd) in Iraq and served as Battle Captain in Tactical Air Command Centre. He assumed command of VMA-542 in 2008 and provided MEU detachments to 24th MEU in Kandahar, Afghanistan and to 22d MEU aboard USS Kearsarge. Following his tour, attended the National War College and graduated with a Master of Science Degree in National Security Strategy. In 2011 reported to Office of the Secretary of Defence, Cost Analysis and Program Evaluation in Tactical Aviation Division. He served on Exchange with the Australian Regular Army as COL AMPHIB, Deployable Joint Force Headquarters, Gallipoli Barracks for 18 months and guided the Australian Amphibious Force through Interim Operational aboard HMAS Canberra.