Year 7 Medieval England: Knowledge Organiser

Year 7 Medieval England: Knowledge Organiser

Year 7 Medieval England: Knowledge Organiser Key Terms: Timeline of key events Anarchy - a state of disorder due to absence of 1102 – Matilda is born authority. 1114 – Matilda marries the Holy Roman Emperor Henry V Legitimate – the rightful next in line to take the 1120 – Matilda becomes the sole heir after the death of her brother throne William Influential - having great influence/impact on someone 1128 – Matilda married Geoffrey of Anjou (a powerful French noble) with or something whom she had three sons Oath of loyalty: is a formal promise, especially a 1135 - King Henry I dies, however, Matilda's cousin Stephen of Blois promise to be loyal to a person or country. immediately had himself crowned king. 1138 - King Stephen faces growing dissatisfaction from the Barons, which Arrogance: is when a person believes he or she is became open revolt. better than others are and knows more than everyone else 1139 - Matilda and her half-brother Robert of Gloucester landed in England to claim her throne from Stephen - England descended into civil war. Stephen and Matilda ‘The Anarchy’ 1135-1153 Feb 1141 - Stephen is captured at Lincoln. Matilda now controlled the What were the causes of ‘The Anarchy’? country. However, she is not crowned Queen because of her arrogance. She was unpopular amongst the Barons. Henry I had only 1 legitimate son William, however after William died in a sailing accident 1147 - Stephen was released in exchange for Robert of Gloucester. Civil war continued. Robert of Gloucester dies and Matilda returns to France. in 1120 leaving Henry’s only other legitimate Her son Henry continues the fight against Stephen. child as his daughter Matilda. Henry I made all of his court swear an oath of 1153 – Battle of Wallingford (no fighting takes place as the Barons on loyalty to her and her heirs on three separate both sides refuse to fight) This forces King Stephen and Henry to occasions. In 1135, Henry I died – The powerful negotiate a treaty. Barons ignored this. Dec 1153 – Treaty of Wallingford - saw Stephen could be king until he Stephen of Blois (Henry I’s favourite) nephew died but formally acknowledge Henry (Matilda’s son) as his successor. claimed that his uncle had changed his mind 1154 – Stephen dies. Henry (Matilda’s son) was crowned King Henry II in on his deathbed, recognising Stephen instead 1154. as his successor to the throne. .

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