NorCal Open Access Publications Journal of Pharmacology and Clinical trials Volume 2019 ; Issue 01 Mohiuddin AK Short Communication Medicinal and Therapeutic values of Sesbania grandiflora Abdul Kader Mohiuddin* Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. *Corresponding author: Abdul Kader Mohiuddin, Department of Pharmacy, World University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Tel: +8801716477485, Email: [email protected] Received Date: 30 July 2019; Accepted Date: 20 August 2019; Published Date: 30 August 2019 Abstract Importance of Sesbania grandiflora There are around 60 global species belonging to the Native to tropical Asia, commonly known as vegetable genus Sesbania which are commonly found to be grown in hummingbird, agati or hummingbird tree, is a small tree in Africa, Australia, and Asia. The leaves of Sesbania grandiflora the genus Sesbania. It is a short-lived, soft-wooded, loosely- have been used in local traditional medicine since ancient branching tree with a rather open crown; it can grow 8-15 glycosides, tannin, anthraquinone, steroid, pholobatannins, The Sesbania grandiflora or the humming bird tree bears a andtimes. terpenoids. Major chemical Isovestitol, constituents medicarpin, are alkaloids, sativan flavonoids, (iso meters tall (Figure 1). S. grandiflora found to be non-toxic, the the major constituents responsible for antibacterial and big white flower that is heartily used in Bengali cuisine. White antifungal,flavonoids) antioxidant, and betulinic anti-urolithiatic, acid (tannin anticonvulsant substance) andare flower variety of anxiolytic, and hepatoprotective properties. Also, the plant purple flower type is highly toxic [2]. The tree’s leaves, fruits extract contains alkaloids, phenolics, tannins, triterpenoids, and flowers can all be consumed – eaten alone as vegetables and sterols. All parts of S. grandiflora are used in traditional and added to curries or salads. Known as Bokphool in West medicine and phytochemical investigations have been vitaminsBengal, the and flower minerals is commonlyand have been consumed reportedly by dippingassociated in conducted on extracts of the leaves, seeds and roots of S. batter and frying. The flowers and leaves are enriched with grandiflora with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. A to provide scientific validation of its properties. fraction isolated from flowers, preferentially killed leukemic Sesbania grandiflora have the potential to be informationThe paper best regarding finds previousits interest research towards for plantfuture medicine path. cells in another study (Figure 2). researchers who need to explore venues of plant specific Leaves of Keywords: Theused juice as a remedy of the leaves for thrombosis, of S. grandiflora diarrhea, has and been inflammatory reportedly Hepatoprotective; Heron Flower; Neuroprotective; Sesbania useddiseases in the and treatment against few of bronchitis,important bacterialcough, vomiting, pathogens wounds [3,4]. grandiflora Bokphool; Isoflavonoids; Cardio-Protective; Abbreviations mixedulcers, indiarrhea, water and and applied dysentery. externally The flowers as a poultice have reported or rub antimicrobial activity. Powdered roots of this plant are to treat nasal catarrah, nyctalopia and cephalagia. Studies Acetylcholinesterase (Ache); Advanced Glycation showfor rheumatic that, S. grandiflora swelling [5]. possess The leaves antioxidant, are traditionally antiuroithiatic, used End Products (Ages); Hemoglobin A1c (Hba1c); Hydroxy Methoxy Benzaldehyde (HMB); Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL); Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7); Multi- anticonvulsive,Gandhi anti-arthritic, et.al, anti-inflammatory, anti- Drug Resistant (MDR); Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA); helminthic, anti-bacterialS. grandifloraand anxiolytic plays activitya vital role[6- Silver Nanoparticles (Agnps); Tetrachloromethane (Ccl4); 8]. In 2017 reported that anti-biofilm and Triglyceride (TG) antibacterial efficacy of 01 Citation: Mohiuddin AK (2019) Medicinal and Therapeutic values of Sesbania grandiflora. J Pharm Sci Exp Pharmacol 2019: 81-86 Figure 1: Front view of Sesbania grandiflora [1]. 2a 2b Figure 2: Bok phool or Heron flower white [2a] and purple [2b]. et.al Saifudin et.al, over biofilm producing pathogens and act as a good source or by, reported the blockage significant of oxidative neuroprotective stress and inhibitioneffect in celecoxib of AchE thefor controllingactive ingredient the microbial of anti-plaque population toothpaste [9]. as well as treated mice through the modification in cholinergic system S. reported that flower acts as a promising material to develop grandiflora protects the lung from the oxidative damage is strongly associated with the drug resistance property enzyme.at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg in micePajaniradje [17]. mouthwash solution [10]. It has been reported that a biofilm et.al, reported methanolic fraction of S. grandiflora was foundthrough to itsexert antioxidant potent antiproliferative potential [18]. effectsEarlier, especially in [11]. Hence, eradication of biofilm is often consideredRamesh to Bhoumik et.al, et.al,be a showeddifficult braintask andoxidative therefore damage use restoredof plant productsby Sesbania to grandiflorainhibit biofilm may be a viable alternative [12]. the human lung cancer cell line, A549 [19]. the lead author and associates presented cardio-protective containreported a hepatoprotectivehuge range of active activity compounds against withCCl4 theinduced most action of S. grandiflora in cigarette aqueous smoke-exposed suspension rats that [13]. restored Earlier, the abundanthepatotoxicity being inpolyphenols, rats by aqueous carotenoids, extract vitamin [20]. (vitamin Plants antioxidant status and retained the levels of micronutrients Ramesh selenium which form an integral part of antioxidant systems et.al, reported that S. grandiflora aqueous suspension A, C, riboflavin, nicotinic acid), and mineralsRoy et.al, reportedlike zinc thatand in cigarette smoke-exposed rats [14,15]. Afterwards, peroxidation markers and ameliorated the diminished and reduce cellular damages [21,22]. antioxidantsignificantly levelsdecreased while the restored elevated thehepatic, hepatic renal and and renal lipid a fraction isolated from flowers, preferentially kills leukemic Semwal cells (particularly those of histiocyte lymphoma) by triggering programmed cell death [23]. In 4 different studies architectureJ Pharm Sci Exp in Pharmacol cigarette 2019: smoke-exposed 81-86 rats [16]. from 2012 to 2016, it was found that the flower, fruit02 and Citation: Mohiuddin AK (2019) Medicinal and Therapeutic values of Sesbania grandiflora. J Pharm Sci Exp Pharmacol 2019: 81-86 the whole plant extract reduced blood glucose, cholesterol, of S. grandiflora exhibits a wide spectrum of anticonvulsant dismutase, catalase, insulin and hemoglobin in experimental analgesic activity [53]. Also, triterpene containing fraction TG and LDL, lipid peroxidationPrasanna and increased et.al, demonstrated superoxide Conclusionprofile and anxiolytic activity [54]. animals [24-27]. Afterwards, Among very few plants of the world, is the the hydroxy methoxy benzaldehyde (HMB) content as S. grandiflora one whose all parts are utilized for the treatment of various hypoglycemicanti-glycogen leadactivity that isinhibited thought formation to be due of toearly increased HbA1c and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) [28]. The hepatic metabolism followed by stimulation of synthesis atmospheric nitrogen and can be used as green manure to improvetypes of soilailments. conditions. Other It than can alsothis, be it planted has capability as windbreak to fix insulin sparing effect. High contents of quercetin, myricetin and shade tree in plantations. The wood is soft and light, and/or release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells and/or the leaves and a novel protein fraction was isolated from making. It is also a major source of pulp for making paper. So, and kaempferol were identified in a methanolic extract of theused diversity as poles, of in use floating surely fishing demands nets, more for fuelresearch and charcoal- in future regarding its cultivation, adaptation in new environments, the fresh flowers, which displayed chemo-preventive effects effective in inhibiting the tumor growth in ascitic models impact of environmental factors on its major therapeutic [29,30]. The ethanol extract of the leaves and flowers were Chung et.al, contents, raw material collection, storage conditions and availability sources for regular use in pharmaceuticals. withand thatleaf isextracts comparable were to demonstrated 5-Fluorouracil to [31]. be cytotoxic to reported that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized Acknowledgement MCF-7 cancer cells [32,33]. Moreover,Salmonella the synthesized enterica Sesbania andAgNPs Staphylococcus showed potent aureus antibacterial activity against multi- grandiflora as a co-author, it was very hard to recall many After 3 years of working on 2 publications of revealeddrug resistant antimicrobial (MDR) bacteriapotential such of S. grandifloraas synthesized important aspects to be retrieved from memory. However, Gupta et.al , [34].revealed Later antioxidant on, several action studies of AgNPs [35-40]. I’m thankful to Dr. Jayabrata Das, Associate Professor, flavonoids especially quercetin and hydro-alcoholic extract forDepartment his valuable of timeBiotechnology, to audit my paperSchool and of for Bioengineering, his thoughtful found to reduce the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in acetic