National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Ground systems in support of space exploration for Ground Systems Architectures Workshop April 3, 2008 Charles Elachi, Director NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 1 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ground systems have supported Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California space exploration for a half century • 1958: Explorer 1 news conference at National Academy with William Pickering, James van Allen, and Werner von Braun National Aeronautics and Where are we now? About 58 NASA Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory robotic explorers, plus a number of California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California international missions (some examples) ESA Venus Express orbiting Venus ESA Rosetta to study Spitzer studying stars and Ulysses studying the comet in 2014 galaxies in the infrared sun Aqua studying Earth’s CALIPSO studying Earth’s Hubble studying the universe oceans climate Rovers “Spirit” and “Opportunity” studying Mars Two Voyagers on an Aura studying Earth’s interstellar mission atmosphere MESSENGER on its way to Mercury QuikScat, Jason 1, CloudSat, and GRACE (plus ASTER, MISR, AIRS, MLS and TES instruments) monitoring Earth. Chandra studying the ESA Mars Express orbiting Mars x-ray universe Japanese SELENE studying Earth’s moon New Horizons on its way to Pluto National Aeronautics and Space Administration Now: A continuous robotic presence Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California on and in orbit around Mars 2001 Mars Odyssey Spirit Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter “Do not go where the path may lead, go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.” Opportunity Emerson. Mars Express (Opportunity’s tracks in Meridiani Planum) (ESA) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter zooms Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology in on Opportunity at Victoria crater Pasadena, California National Aeronautics and Space Administration Opportunity’s reconnaissance of Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology the cliffs of Victoria Crater Pasadena, California National Aeronautics and Space Administration Magellan Venus radar data processed Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology to show topography beneath clouds Pasadena, California National Aeronautics and Space Administration Galileo catches sulfur volcano Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology erupting on Jupiter’s moon Io Pasadena, California National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jupiter’s ring and its halo Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California from Galileo National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet PropulsionLooking Laboratory down on Saturn from Cassini orbiter California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California (1 billion miles from Earth) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Backlit Saturn from Cassini orbiter Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Earth Visions of Saturn’s rings from Cassini orbiter (Colors indicate particle sizes) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Celestial art: Dione, rings and Saturn from Cassini orbiter Saturn’s “spongy” pia07740 moon Hyperion from Cassini orbiter Saturn’s moon Phoebe from Cassini orbiter Saturn’s moon Enceledus with “tiger stripe” cracks in ice National Aeronautics and Space Administration Cassini flew within 50 km of Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Enceladus on March 12 Pasadena, California 50 km 50 km 09034 Saturn’s moon Titan from Cassini orbiter Surface of Saturn’s moon Titan from Huygens lander Methane lakes on Saturn’s 09102 moon Titan from Cassini orbiter radar (at –300°F) Water ice jets on Saturn’s moon Enceladus from Cassini orbiter (At –300°F) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ground software processes data from Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California the most distant part of the universe • Hubble Space Telescope deep field image National Aeronautics and Space Administration Spitzer views the star-forming Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California “Mountains of Creation” GL4029 IRAC [3.6][4.5] IRAC image Lori Allen and the IRAC team AFGL402 National Aeronautics and Space Administration A dying star from Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Spitzer Space Telescope Pasadena, California National Aeronautics and Space Administration New ways to see a changing Earth Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology with robotic remote sensing Pasadena, California Atmospheric Infrared Jason provides global sea Gravity Recovery and QuikSCAT provides Sounder (AIRS) surface height maps every Climate Experiment near global (90%) ocean provides monthly global 10 days (GRACE) provides monthly surface wind maps temperature maps maps of Earth’s gravity every 24 hours Multi-angle Imaging Tropospheric Emission Microwave Limb Sounder CloudSat provides Spectro Radiometer Spectrometer (TES) (MLS) provides daily maps monthly maps of cloud (MISR) provides monthly provides monthly global of stratospheric chemistry ice water content global aerosol maps maps of Ozone National Aeronautics and Space Administration Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California (SRTM) image of Los Angeles (2000) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory Ground Systems contribute to mission California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California success during all mission life-cycle phases Mission formulation Mission design Spacecraft development Ion engine Ground System cost modeling Ground System engineering Environmental test Assembly Real-time mission operations Integration Data processing, Launch and test visualization and distribution Verification, validation, launch, and flight operations 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 27 Ion Engine (DS-1) National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ground system implementation Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California challenge for JPL missions Multiple one-of-a-kind missions… each with unique challenges Common tracking, command, telemetry and data management services Flexible multi-mission operations infrastructure—processes, procedures, teams and facilities System H/W, S/W, Mission Nets & Comm Management Archive Mission Planning and Sequencing Adaptable multi- Data Manageme nt Navigation Analysis mission software Data Acquisition S/C and Command Operations Engineering Product Analysis Generation systems for mission- Science Analysis unique requirements Distributed ground system capabilities for science and engineering interoperability 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 28 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars Exploration Rovers: An example of an Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology operationally responsive ground system Pasadena, California NASA “Software of the Predicted Opportunity: SOL 272 SKELETON -1.3 Ahr Energy Margin no deep sleep/2nd Switchback Drive Thursday Assess and analyze Start End DUR CPU Year” Maestro enables HGA 22720 10:40:00 11:00:00 0:20:00 Eng Keepout/MTES 11:02 11:15 0:13 1 Execute Comm Blip 11:04 11:09 0:05 Drive 11:15 11:45 0:30 1 visodom 11:45 13:15 1:30 1 Post drive imaging + Tau 13:15 14:00 0:45 1 Shutdown 14:00 0:09 1 NAP 14:00 16:44 2:44 VME on 0:06 1 remote scientists to ODY Mtes & Disable D.S. (e2023) 16:44 17:09 0:25 1 RUHF 42721 14:59:52 15:12:53 0:13 RUHF 42723 (30Mb) 16:52:32 17:08:45 0:16 Shutdown 17:12 0:09 1 NAP 17:12 3:36 10:23 Wakeup 0:14 1 RUHF 42730 (60Mb) 3:36 3:52 0:15 1 actively participate in RUHF 42732 5:22 5:35 0:13 Shutdown 3:52 0:09 1 Wakeup 0:06 1 SA stomp- heating - cloud observation 8:00 8:45 0:45 1 Shutdown 8:45 0:09 1 Wakeup 0:06 1 AM Science (note: late HGA = longer science) 10:35 11:19 0:44 1 HGA 22730 10:59:59 11:19:59 0:20:00 rover planning activities Generate data products Plan observations and measurements Tactical Timeline reduced from 16 hours to 8 hours with ground system Communicate and acquire improvements Integrate activity plan Prepare command products 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW Sequence and simulate 29 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Mars Science Laboratory (MSL): Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Infusion example of ground system Pasadena, California software technologies MSLICE (MSL Operations Interface) • Seamless integration of cutting edge visualization and planning tools for Mars surface missions. • Allows scientists to rapidly search spacecraft data temporally and spatially. • Automatically validates plans against flight rules and science constraints. • Enables collaboration by geographically distributed users. Mission Data Processing System • Multi-mission, DISA-compliant downlink processing framework. • Event-driven capabilities enabled by component architecture. • Supports flight system integration and test through operations, starting with flight software test bed. 4/3/08 Elachi GSAW 30 National Aeronautics and Space Administration JPL’s ground system is the product of a Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology