TUMAMOC HILL CUL T URAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMEN T PLAN September 2008 This project was financed in part by a grant from the Historic Preservation Heritage Fund which is funded by the Arizona Lottery and administered by the Arizona State Parks Board UNIVERSI T Y OF ARIZONA TUMAMOC HILL CUL T URAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMEN T PLAN Project Team Project University of Arizona Campus & Facilities Planning David Duffy, AICP, Director, retired Ed Galda, AICP, Campus Planner John T. Fey, Associate Director Susan Bartlett, retired Arizona State Museum John Madsen, Associate Curator of Archaeology Nancy Pearson, Research Specialist Nancy Odegaard, Chair, Historic Preservation Committee Paul Fish, Curator of Archaeology Suzanne Fish, Curator of Archaeology Todd Pitezel, Archaeologist College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture Brooks Jeffery, Associate Dean and Coordinator of Preservation Studies Tumamoc Hill Lynda C. Klasky, College of Science U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service Western Archaeological and Conservation Center Jeffery Burton, Archaeologist Consultant Team Cultural Affairs Office, Tohono O’odham Nation Peter Steere Joseph Joaquin September 2008 UNIVERSI T Y OF ARIZONA TUMAMOC HILL CUL T URAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMEN T PLAN Cultural Resources Department, Gila River Indian Community Barnaby V. Lewis Pima County Cultural Resources and Historic Preservation Office Linda Mayro Project Team Project Loy C. Neff Tumamoc Hill Advisory Group, 1982 Gayle Hartmann Contributing Authors Jeffery Burton John Madsen Nancy Pearson R. Emerson Howell Henry Wallace Paul R. Fish Suzanne K. Fish Mathew Pailes Jan Bowers Julio Betancourt September 2008 UNIVERSI T Y OF ARIZONA TUMAMOC HILL CUL T URAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMEN T PLAN This project was financed in part by a grant from the Historic Preservation Heritage Fund, which is funded by the Arizona Lottery and administered by the Arizona State Acknowledgments Parks Board. The entire project team thanks the Arizona State Parks Board for their funding support as this plan was developed. The University of Arizona thanks each of the many volunteers and university students who donated hundred of hours of time to successfully complete the archaeological field and laboratory work necessary to finalize this plan. The University of Arizona appreciates the financial support provided by the Pima County Cultural Resources and Historic Preservation Office to print this plan and the support of SWCA Environmental Consultants in editing, formatting, and printing the plan. End Use: To protect and preserve the prehistoric and historic resources of Tumamoc Hill so that continued ecological research and educational opportunities in this historic setting will be safeguarded for the benefit of future generations. This document does not contain maps or provide the locations of prehistoric or historic features within the boundaries of the Desert Laboratory at Tumamoc Hill (see Arizona Revised Statutes §39-125 governing site locational data). University departments and Tumamoc Hill lessees who require these data for management purposes should contact Campus & Facilities Planning for procedures on how to obtain these data. September 2008 UNIVERSI T Y OF ARIZONA TUMAMOC HILL CUL T URAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMEN T PLAN INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................................1 of Contents Table Purpose .............................................................................................................................................................................1 Definition of the Cultural Landscape—the Natural, Prehistoric, and Historic Character of the Desert Laboratory ...............5 Part I—Cultural RESOURCES BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................5 Natural Character .....................................................................................................................................................5 Prehistoric Character .............................................................................................................................................10 Historic Components of Tumamoc Hill ....................................................................................................................18 U.S. Forest Service Management............................................................................................................................21 University of Arizona Management .........................................................................................................................22 History of Land Ownership .....................................................................................................................................22 Physical Characteristics of the Historic Components ...............................................................................................24 Historic Resources of Euro-American Origin ...........................................................................................................25 Research and Inventory ...................................................................................................................................................32 Cultural Resources .................................................................................................................................................32 Ecological Resources .............................................................................................................................................36 Part II—LEGAL AUTHORITY FOR RESOURCES Protection ..............................................................................................41 Federal Statutes ..............................................................................................................................................................41 State Statutes and Rules .................................................................................................................................................42 Plans and Policies ..........................................................................................................................................................44 Zones, Corridors and Areas ..............................................................................................................................................46 Part III—POLICIES AND MANAGEMENT Protocol ...........................................................................................................49 Management ...................................................................................................................................................................49 Other Tumamoc Hill Management Functions: ..........................................................................................................49 Research and Educational Program Policy .......................................................................................................................50 University of Arizona, Desert Laboratory, Ecological Use Application ......................................................................50 Arizona Antiquity Act Permit Application (Implemented) ..........................................................................................51 Access ............................................................................................................................................................................52 University of Arizona Educational Programs Access Policy ......................................................................................52 Lessee Stipulations ........................................................................................................................................................53 Stipulations ............................................................................................................................................................53 September 2008 i UNIVERSI T Y OF ARIZONA TUMAMOC HILL CUL T URAL RESOURCES POLICY AND MANAGEMEN T PLAN Anticipated STEPS TO Further ENHANCE Cultural RESOURCES Protection AND PRESERVation (SUBJECT TO AVAILABLE FUNDS AND APPROVAL) ..............................................................................................................57 The Desert Laboratory as a Cultural Landscape ...............................................................................................................57 Lands Leased to the University of Arizona ........................................................................................................................57 Educational Opportunities that Enhance Resources Protection .........................................................................................57 Public Outreach .....................................................................................................................................................57 Enhancing Cultural Resources Protection ........................................................................................................................58 Table of Contents Table REFERENCES CITED ..............................................................................................................................................................61 ii September 2008 UNIVERSI