Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction Du Branch Patrimoine De I'edition

Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction Du Branch Patrimoine De I'edition

SUCCESSFUL STRATEGIES TO GENERATE COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT: THREE CASE STUDIES IN THE PHILIPPINES By Agueda C. Mosqueda A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of Sociology and Equity Studies in Education Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto ©Copyright by Agueda C. Mosqueda 2008 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-45229-5 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-45229-5 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. reproduced without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformement a la loi canadienne Privacy Act some supporting sur la protection de la vie privee, forms may have been removed quelques formulaires secondaires from this thesis. ont ete enleves de cette these. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires in the document page count, aient inclus dans la pagination, their removal does not represent il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant. any loss of content from the thesis. Canada Successful Strategies to Generate Community Involvement in Solid Waste Management: Three Case Studies in the Philippines Master of Arts 2008 Agueda C. Mosqueda Department of Sociology and Equity Studies in Education University of Toronto Abstract This thesis presents three success stories in solid waste management in the Philippines which focused on approaches toward community participation. Two cases highlighted the local government efforts in the conversion of the open garbage dumpsites into a waste processing zone i.e. the Controlled Waste Disposal Facility in Payatas, Quezon City, Metro Manila, and the Eco- Waste Processing Center in Los Banos, Laguna. The other case was an information, education and communication-based project of the author in Barangay Masili, City of Calamba, also in Laguna, with emphasis on community consciousness in solid waste segregation for a cleaner environment. Solid waste is one of the country's major issues confronting the community and the local government units. The legislation of RA 9003, the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act in 2001, addressed this phenomenon by calling for the involvement of all sectors, primarily the local authorities together with the community. This research examines the commonality and uniqueness of the strategies employed to encourage people's mobilization in managing solid waste. It was found that participation starts from a deepening awareness of people about the problems affecting them, getting involved, and becoming responsive when they understand its potential benefits. Participation is deeply anchored in political mobilization where leaders take the initiative and the will to make a difference in the community. Strong advocacy in the furtherance of community awareness and consciousness in relevant programs together with the stakeholders' partnership and networking play a very important role. ii Acknowledgment My gratefUl thanks to God's inspiring words which says: "Trust in the Lord with all your heart and do not rely on your own insights; in all your ways acknowledge Him and He will make straight your path (Proverbs 3:5-6)." It serves as my guide in everything I do. This achievement is wholeheartedly dedicated to God's gifts to me ~ my husband, Archie, for his love, thoughtfulness and understanding; and our only child, Abigail Anne, whose sweetness and giggles revive my strength whenever I feel tired. My dear parents, brothers, and sisters in the Philippines for their unending love, concern and support which keep me determined and inspired to move forward. I would like to extend my sincere gratitude and profound appreciation to the following persons who shared their valuable support and encouragement to make this research work a reality. The members of my Thesis Committee, Drs. Margrit Eichler and Njoki Wane for their intellectual advice and feedback, time and effort shared to me, to make my research work more substantive and meaningful. Also to Dr. David Livingstone for his candid insights and challenging comments in my research proposal. OISE-UofT staff, especially Kristine Pearson for her kindness in facilitating the required documents prior to the conduct of my research work; Ruth Rogers for the reminders and assistance in accomplishing the necessary forms to submit my thesis on time; the University Graduate Study Scholarship Committee for the financial grant which I consider a great opportunity for me to pursue higher education and accomplish my research work; and my friends at UofT "Ate's" Celia Correa and Lynn Romero, Maya Soriano, Liwliwa Torres, Cathy Jeffrey, Akena Francis Adyanga, and those I was not able to mention, for the encouraging words that motivated me to persist with my graduate study programme. iii The officials and staff of the Municipality of Quezon City particularly the Environmental Protection and Waste Management Department headed by Ms. F. Rentoy, Municipality of Los Banos, and the Barangay Council of Masili for allowing me to have access to the available information, reports and publications in their respective offices. My brethren in the church, Pastor Belle Obsanga, "Ate" Yolly Herrera, Bro. Dindo and Sis. Ruth Malihan for their concern and constant prayers. For the sisterly treatment of "Ate" Minda Loberiano and Tina Mendoza who used to offer assistance for my family as we go through the challenges of living in Canada, they really make us feel that we are part of their 'real' family; and my friend, Cathy Sandy, for her kindness and constant words of encouragement, that with God's grace through prayers, my wish can come true for "God is good, all the time". Finally, my former colleagues at PCARRD-Philippines, who constantly send me messages of trust that I can do this research work with ease and confidence. To all of you, thank you very much!!! IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1 A Glance of the Research Setting: Philippines 2 Overview of the Solid Waste Situation in the Philippines 5 Philippine Legislative Policies in Solid Waste Management (SWM) 6 Community and Community Participation 9 Strategies Toward Community Mobilization 11 Statement of the Problem 15 Methodology 17 CHAPTER II CASE STUDY 1: TRANSFORMATION OF PAYATAS DUMPSITE INTO A CONTROLLED WASTE DISPOSAL FACILITY 19 Metro Manila and Its Solid Waste Scenario 19 The Tragedy in Payatas Garbage Dumpsite 22 Transformation of Payatas Garbage Dumpsite into a Controlled Disposal Facility 23 Approaches Employed for Community Involvement 31 Barriers in the Implementation of the SWM Program 35 Controlled Waste Disposal Facility's Progress in Payatas Community 37 Lessons Learned 39 CHAPTER III CASE STUDY 2: CONVERSION OF LOS BANOS DUMPSITE INTO AN ECO-WASTE PROCESSING ZONE 41 The Town of Los Banos, Laguna 42 Solid Waste Condition of Los Banos: Issues and Challenges 45 From Open Dumpsite to an Eco-Waste Processing Zone 47 Approaches Toward Social Participation and Mobilization in SWM 53 Networking and Partnership among the Stakeholders 57 Barriers Encountered in the Implementation of the SWM Program 58 Environmental and Socio-Economic Benefits 60 Lessons Learned 62 v CHAPTER IV CASE STUDY 3: COMMUNITY CONSCIOUSNESS IN SOLID WASTE SEGREGATION FOR A CLEANER ENVIRONMENT IN MASILI 65 Gardening Utilizing Recyclables: My Own Home Project 66 Conceptualization and Proposition of the Project in Barangay Masili 67 The Profile of Barangay Masili, Calamba, Laguna 68 Methodology Framework for Project Initiation in the Community 70 Pilot Project Context: Community Consciousness in Solid Waste Segregation for a Cleaner Environment in Masili 72 Project Accomplishments 77 Lessons Learned 80 CHAPTER V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 81 Summary 82 Conclusion 86 Recommendations 94 Suggested Directions for Further Study 100 REFERENCES 101 APPENDICES 107 VI LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1 Map of the Philippines 3 2 Map of the Research Sites 4 (NCR/Manila, Los Banos & Calamba) 3 Aerial Maps of Barangay Payatas 21 4 Vicinity Map of Los Banos Incorporating 44 the Science Community 5 Vicinity Map of Barangay Masili (A coastal community) 69 6 Integrative Components of the Project 75 vn LIST OF APPENDICES Page Appendix 1 Payatas open dumpsite before the tragic 108 garbage erosion

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