Chapter 23-24 1970's Name: _______________________________________________ Date: __________ Choose the letter of the best answer. (3 points each) ____ 1. César Chávez used nonviolent means to organize Mexican-American A. voters. B. students. C. farm workers. D. factory workers. ____ 2. In the 1970s, the American Indian Movement organized all of the following except the A. occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. B. occupation of Wounded Knee, South Dakota. C. Trail of Broken Treatiesmarch on Washington. D. meeting that resulted in the Declaration of Indian Purpose. ____ 3. The modern feminist movement became more organized and focused after the A. passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. B. publication of The Feminine Mystique. C. publication of the first issue of Ms. magazine. D. founding of the National Women's Political Caucus. ____ 4. On which right did Native American groups focus in the 1961 Declaration of Indian Purpose? A. privacy B. self-determination C. property ownership D. religious freedom ____ 5. Whose book The Feminine Mystique inspired women to question their lives? A. Phyllis Schlafly B. Gloria Steinem C. Robin Morgan D. Betty Friedan ____ 6. President Nixon adopted a policy known as ___ in order to reduce the size and power of the federal government. A. détente B. Stagflation C. New Federalism D. realpolitik ____ 7. In 1973, the OPEC nations cut off their supply of ___ to the United States. A. grain B. oil C. money D. consumer goods New Test.tgt, Version: 1 1 Chapter 23-24 1970's ____ 8. Nixon's visit to ___ in 1972 to begin normalizing relations was a reversal of previous American policy established in 1949. A. the Soviet Union B. China C. East Germany D. Vietnam ____ 9. Nixon's closest advisers included H. R. Halderman, John Mitchell, and ___. A. John Sirica B. Sam Ervin C. Gerald Ford D. John Ehrlichman ____ 10. In the event known as ___, Nixon ordered Attorney General Richardson to fire the special prosecutor investigating the Watergate break-in. A. the Saturday Night Massacre B. impeachment C. the Southern strategy D. Black Monday ____ 11. When Nixon resigned, ___ became president. A. Spiro Agnew B. Ronald Reagan C. Gerald Ford D. Jimmy Carter ____ 12. The Camp David Accords were an agreement between ___ and Israel. A. Egypt B. China C. Syria D. Iran ____ 13. After the publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, the effects of ___ became an increasing concern to many Americans. A. nuclear weapons B. pesticides C. stagflation D. Three Mile Island ____ 14. What was the stated purpose of Nixon's revenue sharing proposal? A. give federal government more control over how federal dollars were spent B. give state and local government more control over how federal dollars were spent C. give state and local governments fewer federal dollars D. give state and local governments more federal dollars New Test.tgt, Version: 1 2 Chapter 23-24 1970's ____ 15. What was the purpose of Nixon's Southern strategy? A. make the Supreme Court more liberal B. speed up the process of desegregation C. extend voting rights to more African Americans D. encourage discontented Democrats to vote for Nixon ____ 16. Under the philosophy of realpolitik, what was the most important consideration in formulating a relationship with another country? A. its power B. its location C. its natural resources D. its human rights record ____ 17. What has been the most lasting effect of Watergate? A. Democratic control of the White House B. Democratic control of Congress C. an economic downturn D. public cynicism about government ____ 18. The first Earth Day, celebrated in 1970, was a response to what? A. the incident at Three Mile Island B. the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act C. the failure of the Clean Air Act of 1963 D. the growing concern over effects of pollution ____ 19. What action did Nixon take that provided temporary relief from stagflation in 1971? A. increased taxes B. raised interest rates C. implemented wage and price controls D. reduced the federal budget ____ 20. Which of the following contributed least to Jimmy Carter's defeat in 1980? A. his support of the National Energy Act B. his "malaise" speech C. the Iranian hostage situation D. his agreement to give up the Panama Canal New Test.tgt, Version: 1 3 Chapter 23-24 1970's Select the letter of the term, name, or phrase that best matches each description. Note: Some letters may not be used at all. Some may be used more than once. (2 points each) A. Gerald Ford B. Jimmy Carter C. Richard Nixon D. Henry Kissinger E. low inflation F. OPEC G. Elliot Richardson H. impeachment I. impoundment J. SALT I K. SALT II L. Camp David Accords M. Helsinki Accords N. high inflation O. Spiro Agnew ____ 21. This president advocated the Family Assistance Plan. ____ 22. This presidential practice of withholding funds for federal programs was declared unconstitutional. ____ 23. This condition in combination with high unemployment produces stagflation. ____ 24. This group had a major impact on oil prices in the United States in the 1970s. ____ 25. This man helped Nixon formulate the policy of détente. ____ 26. This man would have become the next president after Nixon's resignation had he not been forced to resign previously over a separate scandal. ____ 27. This man's pardon of Nixon might have contributed to his own political defeat. ____ 28. This president was proudest of his record on civil rights. ____ 29. Nixon signed this treaty with the Soviet Union. ____ 30. This agreement was a major foreign policy achievement of Ford's presidency. New Test.tgt, Version: 1 4 Chapter 23-24 1970's Answer the following question(s) on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet of paper. (10 points each) 31. Did Watergate demonstrate the overall strength or weakness of the American democratic system? Think About: - the power of the executive branch prior to Watergate - the role of the press in the Watergate scandal - the role of Congress in Watergate - the role of the courts in Watergate 32. Do you think that the environmental movement that began in the 1970s has been good or bad for America? Explain your answer. Think About: - pollution vs. jobs - conservation vs. depletion of natural resources - benefits of nuclear power vs. risks New Test.tgt, Version: 1 5 Chapter 23-24 1970's Answer Sheet 1. C. farm workers. 2. D. meeting that resulted in the Declaration of Indian Purpose. 3. A. passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. 4. B. self-determination 5. D. Betty Friedan 6. C. New Federalism 7. B. oil 8. B. China 9. D. John Ehrlichman 10. A. the Saturday Night Massacre 11. C. Gerald Ford 12. A. Egypt 13. B. pesticides 14. B. give state and local government more control over how federal dollars were spent 15. D. encourage discontented Democrats to vote for Nixon 16. A. its power 17. D. public cynicism about government 18. D. the growing concern over effects of pollution 19. C. implemented wage and price controls 20. A. his support of the National Energy Act 21. C. Richard Nixon 22. I. impoundment 23. N. high inflation 24. F. OPEC 25. D. Henry Kissinger 26. O. Spiro Agnew 27. A. Gerald Ford 28. B. Jimmy Carter 29. J. SALT I New Test.tgt, Version: 1 6 Chapter 23-24 1970's 30. M. Helsinki Accords 31. Complete answers should include the following points: At the time Nixon took office, the executive branch was very powerful, and Nixon tried to extend its powers even further. During Watergate, the free press was able to investigate crimes committed by powerful political figures and publish their findings. Members of Congress were in the process of gathering articles of impeachment against President Nixon when he resigned. The courts demanded that Nixon turn over his tapes of White House conversations. Watergate ultimately proved the strength of the American system of government. It proved that no one, not even the president, is above the law. The Constitution protects the rights of Americans to investigate their leaders' actions and to remove leaders who break the law. When a president is removed from office, the Constitution outlines a clear procedure for transferring power to a new president. 32. Complete answers should include the following points: The environmental movement has been good for America because it has made us more aware of the dangers of pollution, the need for conservation, the risks involved in the use of nuclear energy, and the problems of toxic waste disposal. The government established the Environmental Protection Agency to impose regulations that ensure the health and safety of our citizens, now and in the future. On the other hand, the environmental movement has been bad for America because it has prevented full use of our nation's resources. Development in some areas has been limited or halted as a result of concern about, for example, possible environmental impact on an endangered species. This leads to a loss of jobs and higher prices. Despite the incident at Three Mile Island, nuclear power has proven to be a safe, renewable source of energy. Yet, in this age of environmental activism, fewer nuclear power plants have been built, resulting in an increased dependence on foreign sources of energy. New Test.tgt, Version: 1 7 Chapter 23-24 1970's Standards Summary: All Standards In Test NCSS IVe examine the interactions of ethnic, national, or cultural influences in specific situations or events; NCSS Ia analyze and explain the ways groups, societies, and cultures address human needs and concerns; NCSS Ic apply an understanding of culture as an integrated whole that explains the functions and interactions of language, literature, the arts, traditions, beliefs and values, and behavior patterns NCSS VI Power, Authority, and Governance.