Consortium for Assistance and Recovery toward Development in Indonesia Temporary Settlement Monitoring Project Report No. 4 (November 2006) Findings in the Field Period: 23 July – 20 October 2006 Province: Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Mainland Areas Districts: Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Pidie, Bireuen, Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat Daya, Aceh Singkil, Bener Meriah, Aceh Selatan, Aceh Tamiang, Aceh Tengah, Gayo Lues, Aceh Tenggara, Aceh Barat, Aceh Timur, Aceh Utara, Langsa, Kota Lhokseumawe and Nagan Raya Table of Contents 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………….……….3 2. Overview of Main Findings…………………………………………………………….…..5 3. General Issues……………………………………………………………………………….8 4. Breakdown per District……………………………………………………………………12 5. Methodology………………………………………………………………………………..26 Annexes Annex 1: Breakdown of IDPs by District………………………………………………….….28 Annex 2: Temporary Settlements Closed Since May 2006…………………………….….29 European Commission’s Humanitarian Aid Department DG ECHO is the European Union’s Humanitarian Aid department, a service of the European Commission under the direct responsibility of Commissioner Louis Michel. Since 1992, the Commission has funded relief to millions of victims of natural and man- made disasters outside the European Union. Aid is channeled impartially to the affected populations, regardless of their race, ethnic group, religion, gender, age, nationality or political affiliation. Part of DG ECHO’s mission is to reaise public awareness of humanitarian issues. DG ECHO works with about 190 operational partners, including specialized United Nation agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other international institutions. The European Commission is one of the biggest sources of humanitarian aid in the world. In 2005, it provided €652 million for humanitarian programs. This does not include the aid given separately by the EU’s 25 Member States. Support went to projects in more than 60 countries. The funds are spent on goods and services such as food, clothing, shelter, medical provisions, water supplies, sanitation, emergency repairs and mine-clearing. The Commission also funds disaster preparedness and mitigation projects in regions prone to natural catastrophes. - 2 - “This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Community. The view expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Community.” 1. Introduction The data presented in this report is based on the findings of nine monitoring teams who visited temporary settlements in the sub-districts of 19 Districts of Aceh Nanggroe Darussalem (NAD). The survey aimed to be exhaustive in terms of coverage. The objective of the project was to improve camp monitoring and coordination of humanitarian assistance for Internally Displaced People (IDP) living in all forms of settlement within mainland Aceh. As a part of these activities, these reports and the database are intended to provide data to actors involved in relief, reconstruction and development work. The data is intended to give indications of continuing needs in the visited settlements with the hope that humanitarian actors will take action to improve the living standard for the people living in these settlements. The results of initial findings of this survey focus on IDPs in barracks (TLC), transitional settlements (TSS) and return areas (RA and ERA), in addition to the few remaining in self-settlement camps (SSC) and Public Buildings (PB). IDPs displaced by both conflict and disaster are covered by this survey and the data is presented separately to make the analysis simpler. IDPs who continue to live with host communities were not covered by this survey. The report starts with an overall analysis to describe trends and highlight major issues. Then the report is structured into districts with lists of total settlements provided. A description of the methodology, definitions and limitations of the survey is provided at the end of the report. Organisations wishing to use this data should ensure they are aware of the limitations of the survey. Location reports for each District are available which contain more detailed information regarding demography, access, livelihoods, assistance, water and sanitation, health, education, registration and settlement management. The data is not copyright and copies of location reports, previous reports and the database itself are available on CD from CARDI (please contact Ellyien Saputra [email protected]). The reports can also be downloaded from the CARDI website:www.cardi.or.id/reports. The Temporary Settlement Monitoring Project (TSM) conducted a similar survey in April and May of 2006 in 13 Districts of NAD, and CARDI/NRC also supported the Temporary Settlement Monitoring Mechanism (TSMM) programme from July to November 2005 in conjunction with UNORC. The scope of data collection is outlined in the table over. - 3 - “This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Community. The view expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Community.” Survey Time Districts covered Type of Number of Number period of settlements settlements of IDPs survey TSM 3 April – Thirteen Districts; SSC, TLC, 229 99,532 Project 14 May Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Pidie, (E)RA, TSS reports 2006 Bireun, Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat, 1 and 2 Nagan Raya, Lhokseumawe, Aceh Utara, Langsa, Aceh Timur, Aceh Singkil, Bener Meriah TSM 23 July – Initial Findings from Six Districts SSC, TLC, 153 66,589 Project 16 Aceh Besar, Pidie, Aceh Barat, (E)RA, report August Kota Lhokseumawe, Aceh Utara, TSS, RA 3 2006 Kota Langsa, TSM 23 July – Nineteen Districts SSC, TLC, 445 205,858 Project 20 Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Pidie, (E)RA, report October Bireuen, Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat TSS, RA, 4 Daya, Aceh Singkil, Bener Meriah, PB Final Aceh Selatan, Aceh Tamiang, Report Aceh Tengah, Gayo Lues, Aceh Tenggara, Aceh Barat, Aceh Timur, Aceh Utara, Langsa, Kota Lhokseumawe and Nagan Raya Table 1 – Reports produced - 4 - “This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Community. The view expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Community.” 2. Overview of Main Findings There are many positive trends and findings amongst the data and a clear movement of IDPs into more durable and long-term forms of housing can be seen. However, the findings highlight a few key areas which need continued attention. The greatest proportion of IDPs are now living in Early Return Areas where access to services and assistance is more difficult. The survey shows that sanitation issues in these areas are particularly worrying. Livelihood support seems to be dwindling while perception of many IDPs is that they continue to require assistance to restore their incomes. It is important that IDPs are able to access information to enable them to play an active role in the restoration of their areas of origin, to make decisions about when to return and to access services and support to restore their livelihoods. There are still a significant number of settlements where this information is not provided and, it is not easy for IDPs to know where they can go to register issues or access this information. Numbers and Distribution of IDPs Overall in mainland NAD, there are 205,858 people in 59,620 households who are displaced from their homes as a result of disaster or conflict. A full breakdown per District is provided in Annex 1. Of those IDPs displaced by conflict 52% are women and of those who continue to be displaced as a result of disaster 49% are women, reflecting the initial differences in numbers of women and men who survived the tsunami. At least 3% of IDPs are over 65 years of age and at least 27% are less then 17 years old. The tables below summarize the numbers of IDPs and settlement types per District. Settlement Number of Number of Number of Number of IDPs Type Settlements Districts Households ERA 31 6 3,486 15,225 TSS 0 0 0 0 TLC 0 0 0 0 PB 2 2 46 185 SSC 3 1 84 275 Mixed 3 2 485 1,150 TOTALS 39 4,101 16,835 Table showing the numbers of IDPs displaced by conflict - 5 - “This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Community. The view expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Community.” Settlement Number of Number of Number of Number of IDPs Type Settlements Districts Households ERA 137 14 20,864 77,494 TSS 52 7 6,169 20,336 TLC 155 9 18,561 62,381 PB 1 1 35 125 SSC 10 5 777 2829 Mixed 51 5 9113 25,828 TOTALS 406 55,519 189,023 Table showing the numbers of IDPs displaced by disaster There are 15 Districts where IDPs are living who have been displaced by disaster: Banda Aceh, Aceh Besar, Pidie, Bireuen, Aceh Jaya, Aceh Barat Daya, Aceh Singkil, Aceh Tengah, Aceh Tenggara, Aceh Barat, Aceh Timur, Aceh Utara, Langsa, Kota Lhokseumawe and Nagan Raya. No IDP settlements were identified in Aceh Tamiang. There are 7 Districts where IDPs are living in temporary settlements who have been displaced by conflict: Aceh Jaya, Aceh Selatan, Aceh Singkil, Bener Meriah, Gayo Lues, Aceh Tenggara and Aceh Timur. The charts’ below show the distribution of IDPs according to District. Aceh Barat Aceh Besar 3% Aceh Jaya 5% 9% 14% Aceh Singkil 6% Aceh Timur 4% 19% Aceh Utara Banda Aceh 9% Bireuen 6% 3% 3% 19% Lhokseumawe Nagan Raya Pidie Less than 3% Total Distribution of IDPs per District - 6 - “This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Community. The view expressed herein should not be taken, in any way, to reflect the official opinion of the European Community.” Aceh Barat Aceh Besar 3% Aceh Jaya 2% 2% 9% 15% Aceh Singkil 6% Aceh Timur Aceh Utara 4% 21% Banda Aceh Bireuen 10% 22% Lhokseumawe 4% Nagan Raya 2% Pidie Less than 2% Chart Illustrating the Distribution of Disaster Affected IDPs by District Changes in Settlement Types The graph below illustrates the changes in percentage of IDPs in different settlement types and shows clearly the positive trends in the province since the April/May TSM survey and this one.