FAMILY Centrolophidae Bonaparte, 1846 - medusafishes GENUS Centrolophus Lacepede, 1802 - medusafishes [=Centrolophus Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1802:441, Acentrolophus Nardo [G. D.], 1827:28, 36 (no. 62), Centrolophodes Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & von Bonde [C.], 1923:2, Gymnocephalus Cocco [A.], 1829:142, Pompilus Lowe [R. T.], 1839:81] Notes: [ref. 4929]. Masc. Perca nigra of Lacepède, 1802 (= Perca nigra Gmelin, 1789). Type by monotypy. Centrolopus is a misspelling. •Valid as Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802 -- (Haedrich 1967:62 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:559 [ref. 7216], McDowall 1981:120 [ref. 5356], Horn 1984:628 [ref. 13637], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:1178 [ref. 13677], Haedrich 1986:843 [ref. 5659], Gomon et al. 1994:833 [ref. 22532], Parin & Piotrovsky 2004:S37 [ref. 28443], Doiuchi et al. 2004:209 [ref. 28582], Hoese & Bray 2006:1788 [ref. 29000], Akyol 2008:91 [ref. 30485], Gomon 2008:796 [ref. 30616], Stewart et al. 2015:1651 [ref. 34306], Bañón et al. 2016:324 [ref. 34397]). Current status: Valid as Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802. Centrolophidae. (Acentrolophus) [ref. 3146]. Masc. Coryphaena pompilus Linnaeus, 1758. Appeared at least twice in 1827. Type Coryphaena pompilus by being a replacement name, not Acentrolophus maculosus Nardo, 1827. Unneeded replacement for Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802, misspelled Centrolophis by Nardo 1827:36 [ref. 3146]. Also appeared in Nardo 1827:col. 478, col. 485 [ref. 19740]. •Objective synonym of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802 -- (Haedrich 1967:62 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:559 [ref. 7216]). Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802. Centrolophidae. (Centrolophodes) [ref. 5931]. Masc. Centrolophodes irvini Gilchrist & von Bonde, 1923. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802 -- (Haedrich 1967:62 [ref. 5357]). Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802. Centrolophidae. (Gymnocephalus) [ref. 857]. Masc. Gymnocephalus messanensis Cocco, 1829. Type by monotypy. Objectively invalid; preoccupied by Gymnocephalus Bloch, 1793 in fishes, apparently not replaced. •Synonym of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802 -- (Haedrich 1967:62 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:559 [ref. 7216]). Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802. Centrolophidae. (Pompilus) [ref. 2829]. Masc. Coryphaena pompilus Linnaeus, 1758. Type by absolute tautonymy of a cited synonym. Objectively invalid; apparently preoccupied by Pompilus Schneider, 1784 in Mollusca, Pompilus Fabricius 1798 in Hymenoptera, and Pompilus Minding, 1832 in fishes. •In the synonymy of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802 -- (Haedrich 1967:62 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:559 [ref. 7216]). Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802. Centrolophidae. Species Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789) - black ruff [=Perca nigra Gmelin [J. F.], 1789:1321, Mupus bifasciatus Smith [J. L. B.], 1961:158, Figured, Phalacrus chasse Cantraine [F. J.], 1833:176, Schedophilus elongatus Johnson [J. Y.], 1862:175, Centrolophodes irvini Gilchrist [J. D. F.] & von Bonde [C.], 1923:3, Pl. 17 (fig. 1), Perca jagonis Walbaum [J. J.], 1792:352, Centrolophus liparis Risso [A.], 1827:337, Acentrolophus maculosus Nardo [G. D.], 1827:28, 36 (no. 62), Centrolophus maoricus Ogilby [J. D.], 1893:64, Gymnocephalus messanensis Cocco [A.], 1829:142, Centrolophus morio Cuvier [G.] (ex Lacepède), in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1833:342, Centrolophus niger Lacepède [B. G. E.], 1802:441, 442, Pl. 10 (fig. 2), Coryphaena pompilus Linnaeus [C.], 1758:262, Centrolophus valenciennesi Moreau [E.], 1881:496, Fig. 138] Notes: [Caroli a Linné ... Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae v. 1 (pt 3); ref. 18139] Rivers of Cornwall, England. Current status: Valid as Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Distribution: Circumglobal (including western Baltic Sea, North Sea, Mediterranean Sea), but not northern Pacific. Habitat: marine. (bifasciatus) [South African Journal of Science v. 57; ref. 19692] From among large salps off Rocky Point, southwestern South Africa, depth 0-150 meters. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (chasse) [Nuovo Giornale de'letterati; Academia Italiana di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti. 26; ref. 19960] Strait of Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. (elongatus) [Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1862 (pt 2) (art. 2) (for 10 June 1862); ref. 2357] Madeira. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (irvini) [Report Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Union of South Africa Spec. Rep. no. 4; ref. 5931] North of Paternoster Point, west coast of South Africa, depth 85-90 fathoms. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (jagonis) [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Cornwall, England. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (liparis) [Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe méridionale v. 3; ref. 3757] Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (maculosus) [Giornale di fisica, chimica e storia naturale, medicina, ed arti. (series 2) Dec. II, v. 10; ref. 3146] Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (maoricus) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 2 (no. 5); ref. 14533] New Zealand. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (messanensis) [Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (no. 77); ref. 857] Messina, Sicily, Italy, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (morio) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 9; ref. 1002] Fecamp, France, Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (niger) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Fécamp, Seine-Maritime Department, France, La Manche/English Channel, northeastern Atlantic. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (pompilus) [Systema Naturae, Ed. X v. 1; ref. 2787] Pelagic Ocean. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. (valenciennesi) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Moreau); ref. 3040] Marseille, France, western Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789). Centrolophidae. Habitat: marine. GENUS Hyperoglyphe Gunther, 1859 - medusafishes [=Hyperoglyphe Günther [A.], 1859:337, Eurumetopos Morton [A.], 1888:77, Ocycrius Jordan [D. S.] & Hubbs [C. L.], 1925:226, Palinurichthys Bleeker [P.], 1859:xxii, Palinurichthys Gill [T. N.], 1860:20, Palinurus DeKay [J. E.], 1842:118, Pammelas Günther [A.], 1860:485, Toledia Miranda Ribeiro [A. de], 1915:Stromateidae p. 5] Notes: [ref. 1961]. Fem. Diagramma porosa Richardson, 1845. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859 -- (Haedrich 1967:54 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:560 [ref. 7216], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:325 [ref. 7348], McDowall 1981:105 [ref. 5356], Horn 1984:628 [ref. 13637], Nakabo in Masuda et al. 1984:234 [ref. 6441], Haedrich in Whitehead et al. 1986:1179 [ref. 13677], Haedrich 1986:843 [ref. 5659], Karrer 1986 [ref. 6762], Gomon et al. 1994:833 [ref. 22532], McDowall 2001:3768 [ref. 26308], Haedrich 2003:1868 [ref. 27117], Parin 2003:S31 [ref. 28536], Parin & Piotrovsky 2004:S39 [ref. 28443], Doiuchi et al. 2004:209 [ref. 28582], Hoese & Bray 2006:1788 [ref. 29000], Gomon 2008:796 [ref. 30616], Ho et al. 2010:255 [ref. 33328], Shinohara et al. 2011:54 [ref. 31715], Parin et al. 2014:518 [ref. 33547], Stewart et al. 2015:1652 [ref. 34306]). Current status: Valid as Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859. Centrolophidae. (Eurumetopos) [ref. 3046]. Masc. Eurumetopos johnstonii Morton, 1888. Type by monotypy. •Synonym of Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859 -- (Haedrich 1967:55 [ref. 5357], McDowall 1981:105 [ref. 5356]). Current status: Synonym of Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859. Centrolophidae. (Ocycrius) [ref. 2486]. Masc. Centrolophus japonicus Döderlein, 1884. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859 -- (Haedrich 1967:55 [ref. 5357], Lindberg & Krasyukova 1975:325 [ref. 7348]). Current status: Synonym of Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859. Centrolophidae. (Palinurichthys B) [ref. 371]. Masc. Coryphaena perciformis Mitchill, 1818. Type by being a replacement name. Replacement for Palinurus DeKay, 1842, preoccupied by Palinurus Weber, 1795 in Insecta and Palinurus Fabricius, 1798 in Crustacea. Apparently published Nov. 1859 (Fowler, MS), thereby predating Palinurichthys Gill, in early 1860; but later than Hyperoglyphe. See also Pammelas Günther, 1860. •Synonym of Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859 (June) -- (Haedrich 1967:55 [ref. 5357], Haedrich 1973:560 [ref. 7216], Parin 2003:S31 [ref. 28536], Parin et al. 2014:518 [ref. 33547]). Current status: Synonym of Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859. Centrolophidae. (Palinurichthys G) [ref. 1763]. Masc. Coryphaena perciformis Mitchill, 1818. Type by being a replacement name. Unneeded replacement for Palinurus DeKay, 1842, replaced apparently earlier with exact same name Palinurichthys by Bleeker 1859; objectively invalid; preoccupied by Palinurichthys Bleeker, 1860. •In the synonymy of Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859,