DANVEER SINGH YADAV Assistant Professor Livestock Production Management College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (NDVSU) MHOW Milk : The milk may be defined as the whole, clean to fresh lacteal secretion obtained by the complete milking of one or more healthy milch animals. Milk is an almost ideal food. It has high nutritive value. World milk day 1st June. Species Water Fat Protein Lactose Ash Cow 86.6 4.6 3.4 4.9 0.7 Buffalo 84.2 6.6 3.9 5.2 0.8 Goat 86.5 4.5 3.5 4.7 0.8 Standards for different classes of milk Species Milk fat SNF Cow 3.5 8.5 Buffalo 5 9 Goat/Sheep 3 9 Standardized 4.5 8.5 Toned milk 3 8.5 Double Toned milk 1.5 9 Skim milk 0.5 8.7 Composition of colostrums and milk S. No Component Colostrums Milk 1 Total solids % 22.5 12.5 2 Fat 3.5 4 3 Protein 14.5 3.3 4 Lactose 3 4.6 5 Ash 1.8 0.8 Clean Milk Production Clean milk is defined as the milk drawn from the udder of healthy animals Healthy Dairy Livestock Free from diseases Free any discharge Clean animals Free from extraneous matters like Dust Dirt Flies hay manure, extraneous water and drug residues Washing of udder and flank Before milking clean udder Method of milking Stripping Clean, sterile utensils Milking ken Milk bucket Milk measures' Control flies Netted door and ventilation Clean surrounding Standing space Drainage Milking passage The milker’s cleanliness Clean hand, finger, cloth Healthy milkmen Type of milk pan Clean Dry Feeding of Dairy Livestock Ideal moisture contain in feed Toxin free Cool and store milk properly At least 4 C should be maintain cool and storage milk Grade Total plate count of milk( standard plate count per milliliter ) Very good Not exceeding 0.2 milliliter Good Between 0.2 to 1 milliliter Fair 1 to 5 milliliter Poor Over 5 milliliter Factor altering quality of milk The quality of milk is highly influenced or altered by various factors like Factors Affecting Composition of milk 1. Individuality 2. Breed 3. Species 4. Interval of milking 5. Completeness of milking 6. Frequency of milking 7. Irregularity of milking 8. Day-to-day milking 9. Portion of milking 10. Stage of lactation 11. Yield 12. Feeding 13. Season 14. Age 15. Condition of cow at calving 16. Excitement 17. Disease and abnormal conditions 18. Administration of drugs and hormones THANK YOU.