mwh10a-RSG-0311_P3 12/16/2003 10:56 AM Page 117 Name ______________________________________________________________ Date ______________________ CHAPTER 11 Section 2 (pages 345–351) TERMS AND NAMES paternalism Governing in a “parental” way by providing for Imperialism needs but not giving rights assimilation Absorbing colonized Case Study: Nigeria people into the culture of the imperialist nation BEFORE YOU READ Menelik II Leader of Ethiopian In the last section, you learned about the reasons resistance for imperialism. In this section, you will read about how the colonies were controlled. AS YOU READ Use the chart below to contrast direct and indirect rule. DIRECT RULE INDIRECT RULE Colonizers controlled colonial affairs Local powers controlled daily matters A New Period of Imperialism; refers to a situation where an independent nation is controlled by foreign businesses rather than for- A British Colony (pages 345–348) eign governments. What forms and methods did Imperialist nations also developed two basic imperialist nations use to control methods to manage their colonies. France and their colonies? other European nations used direct control. They felt native peoples could not handle the tough job Each imperial power had goals for its colonies. of running a country. Instead, the imperialist Imperialist nations had four forms of control: power governed. This policy was called paternal- colony, protectorate, sphere of influence, and eco- cDougal Littell Inc. All rights reserved. ism. The French also had a policy of assimilation. nomic imperialism. ©M All colonial institutions were patterned after A colony is an area ruled by a foreign govern- French institutions. The French hoped that the ment. A protectorate runs its own daily affairs, but native peoples would learn French ways. is controlled by an imperialist nation. A sphere of Britain used indirect control. In this system, influence is an area where an imperialist nation has local rulers had power over daily matters. There exclusive economic rights. Economic imperialism were also councils of native people and government CHAPTER 11 THE AGE OF IMPERIALISM 117 mwh10a-RSG-0311_P4 12/16/2003 10:56 AM Page 118 officials. These councils were supposed to help 2. Who resisted imperialism in Africa, and what were native people learn to govern themselves in the the results? British method. When the United States began to colonize, it also used the indirect method of control. Britain tried to rule Nigeria through indirect The Legacy of Colonial Rule control. The British let local chiefs manage their (page 351) areas. The system did not always work. The local chiefs in some regions of Nigeria resented having How did colonial rule their power limited by the British. affect Africa? 1. What forms and methods did imperialists use to Africans enjoyed some benefits from colonial rule. control and manage colonies? European governments reduced local conflicts. The Europeans also brought Africa deeper into the world economy. Railroads, dams, and telephone African Resistance (pages 348–350) and telegraph lines were built. But imperialism mostly caused damage. How did Africans Africans lost control over much of their land. Many resist imperialism? African traditions were destroyed. People were forced out of their homes. Many were made to Some Africans resisted imperialism. People in work in bad conditions. The boundaries that Algeria fought against the French for almost 50 Europeans drew had no relation to ethnic divisions years. In German East Africa, thousands of in Africa. These boundaries caused problems when Africans died when they tried to use magic to fight the colonies became independent nations. German machine guns. Only Ethiopia resisted the Europeans success- 3. What were three benefits and three problems of fully. There, Emperor Menelik II played one colonial rule? European country against another. In 1896, he used European weapons to defeat an Italian army. Forms of Imperialism Definitions Skillbuilder Use the chart to answer these questions. Colony A country or a territory governed internally by a foreign power 1. Under which type of imperialism Protectorate A country or territory with its own internal is the local government most government but under the control of an independent? outside power Sphere of Influence An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges 2. What is the difference between a Economic Imperialism An independent but less-developed nation sphere of influence and economic controlled by private business interests rather imperialism? than other governments cDougal Littell Inc. All rights reserved. ©M 118 CHAPTER 11 SECTION 2.