Expendable Launch Vehicles

Expendable Launch Vehicles

National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA’S Launch Services Program KH/DXQFK6HUYLFHV3URJUDPZDV WLVHDQGFRVWHIIHFWLYHVHUYLFHVLQWKH 7HVWDEOLVKHGDW.HQQHG\6SDFH&HQWHU FRPPHUFLDODUHQDWRVDWLVI\$JHQF\ZLGH IRU1$6$·VDFTXLVLWLRQDQGSURJUDP VSDFHWUDQVSRUWDWLRQUHTXLUHPHQWVDQG PDQDJHPHQWRI([SHQGDEOH/DXQFK PD[LPL]HWKHRSSRUWXQLW\IRUPLVVLRQ One9HKLFOH (/9 PLVVLRQV$VNLOOIXO1$6$ of NASA’s WB-57 aircraft VXFFHVV FRQWUDFWRUWHDPLVLQSODFHWRPHHWWKH 7KHSULQFLSDOREMHFWLYHVDUHWRSURYLGH PLVVLRQRIWKH/DXQFK6HUYLFHV3URJUDP VDIHUHOLDEOHFRVWHIIHFWLYHDQGRQVFKHG Information Summary ZKLFKH[LVWVWRSURYLGHOHDGHUVKLSH[SHU XOHSURFHVVLQJPLVVLRQDQDO\VLVDQG www.nasa.gov VSDFHFUDIWLQWHJUDWLRQDQGODXQFKVHUYLFHVIRU1$6$ Expendable Launch Vehicles DQG1$6$VSRQVRUHGSD\ORDGVQHHGLQJDPLVVLRQRQ $OO([SHQGDEOH/DXQFK9HKLFOHVXVHWKHVDPH (/9V EDVLFWHFKQRORJ\WRJHWLQWRVSDFH²WZRRUPRUH 7KH/DXQFK6HUYLFHV3URJUDPLVUHVSRQVLEOHIRU URFNHWSRZHUHGVWDJHVZKLFKIDOODZD\ZKHQWKHLU 1$6$RYHUVLJKWRIODXQFKRSHUDWLRQVDQGFRXQW HQJLQHEXUQVDUHFRPSOHWHG:KDWHYHUDODXQFK GRZQPDQDJHPHQWSURYLGLQJDGGHGTXDOLW\DQG YHKLFOHFDUULHVDERYHWKHILQDOGLVFDUGHGVWDJHLV PLVVLRQDVVXUDQFHLQOLHXRIWKHUHTXLUHPHQWIRUWKH FRQVLGHUHGWKHSD\ORDG ODXQFKVHUYLFHSURYLGHUWRREWDLQDFRPPHUFLDOODXQFK $SD\ORDG·VZHLJKWRUELWDOGHVWLQDWLRQDQGSXU OLFHQVH SRVHGHWHUPLQHZKDWVL]HODXQFKYHKLFOHLVUHTXLUHG$ 3ULPDU\ODXQFKVLWHVDUH&DSH&DQDYHUDO$LU)RUFH VPDOO(/9OLNH3HJDVXVFDQSODFHDORZZHLJKW 6WDWLRQ &&$)6 LQ)ORULGDDQG9DQGHQEHUJ$LU VSDFHFUDIWLQWRQHDU(DUWKRUELWZKLOHDQH[SHQGDEOH )RUFH%DVH 9$)% LQ&DOLIRUQLD YHKLFOHOLNHWKHPDVVLYH6DWXUQ9ZDVUHTXLUHGWRVHQG 2WKHUODXQFKORFDWLRQVDUH1$6$·V:DOORSV,VODQG PDQQHG$SROORVSDFHFUDIWWRWKH0RRQ IOLJKWIDFLOLW\LQ9LUJLQLDWKH1RUWK3DFLILF·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ervices Fleet WKURXJKLWVDWPRVSKHUHWRWKHVXUIDFH0RVWUHFHQWO\ 1$6$ODXQFKHGWKH7UDFNLQJ'DWDDQG5HOD\6DWHO OLWH-FRPPXQLFDWLRQVDWHOOLWH'HFRQDQ Atlas/Centaur $WODV,,$IURP&&$)6 7KH$WODV&HQWDXUYHKLFOHVILUVWEHFDPHRSHUD /RFNKHHG0DUWLQGHYHORSHGWKH$WODV,,,ODXQFK WLRQDOLQ/RFNKHHG0DUWLQXVHGWKH$WODV,,DQG V\VWHPWKDWGHEXWHGLQ7KLVYHKLFOHFDQFDUU\ ,,,YHKLFOHVWRODXQFKPLOLWDU\FRPPHUFLDODQGVFLHQ PRUHWKDQSRXQGV NLORJUDPV WRJHRV\Q WLILFSD\ORDGVLQWRVSDFHIURP6SDFH/DXQFK&RPSOH[ FKURQRXVWUDQVIHURUELW7KH$WODV9V\VWHPWKH DW&&$)6DQG6SDFH/DXQFK&RPSOH[(DW QHZHVWRI/RFNKHHG0DUWLQ·VIOHHWILUVWODXQFKHG$XJ 9$)%0RUHWKDQ$WODVIOLJKWVKDYHWDNHQSODFH FDUU\LQJDFRPPHUFLDOFRPPXQLFDWLRQV LQFOXGLQJIOLJKWVZLWKWKH&HQWDXUVWDJHDGGHGWR VDWHOOLWH7KH$WODV9FDQFDUU\IURPSRXQGV FUHDWHWKH$WODV&HQWDXUYHKLFOH NLORJUDPV WRSRXQGV NLORJUDPV :KHQODXQFKHGE\1$6$WKURXJKWKH WR*72IURP6SDFH/DXQFK&RPSOH[DW&&$)6 $WODV&HQWDXUZDVWKHVWDQGDUGYHKLFOHIRULQWHUPHGL DWHSD\ORDGVWKDWFDUULHGDERXWSRXQGV Delta NLORJUDPV WR*HRV\QFKURQRXV7UDQVIHU2UELW )URPWR1$6$ZDVWKHUHVSRQVLEOH *72 7KH&HQWDXUZDVWKHILUVWKLJKHQHUJ\OLTXLG DJHQF\LQWKHODXQFKRIVFLHQWLILFZHDWKHUDQG K\GURJHQOLTXLGR[\JHQODXQFKYHKLFOHVWDJHDQGLW FRPPXQLFDWLRQVVSDFHFUDIWDORQJZLWKVRPHPLOLWDU\ SURYLGHGWKHPRVWSRZHUIRULWVZHLJKWRIDQ\SURYHQ VDWHOOLWHVDERDUG'HOWDODXQFKYHKLFOHVIURP&&$)6 VWDJHWKHQLQXVH DQG9$)%7KHVHVSDFHFUDIWLQFOXGH1$6$·V7,526 7KH$WODV&HQWDXUZDVWKHODXQFKYHKLFOHIRU 1LPEXV,726/$1'6$7DQG:HVWDUVHULHVDQG Inside the Atlas Space Operations Center at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station sits the second-stage Centaur for a Lockheed Martin Atlas V, designated AV- 007. The Atlas V is the launch vehicle for the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). The MRO is designed for a series of global mapping, regional survey and targeted observations from a near-polar, low- altitude Mars orbit. 3 PRUHWKDQVFLHQWLILF([SORUHUV1XPHURXVLQWHUQD WLRQDOVDWHOOLWHVZHUHDOVRODXQFKHGE\1$6$ 7KH'HOWDIDPLO\RIYHKLFOHVKDVEHHQXSJUDGHG VHYHUDOWLPHVRYHUWKH\HDUV7KH'HOWDSURGXFHGE\ %RHLQJFXUUHQWO\KDVVROLGVWUDSRQPRWRUVOLTXLG IXHOHGILUVWDQGVHFRQGVWDJHVDQGDVROLGSURSHOODQW WKLUGVWDJH 7KH'HOWD,,,ODXQFKYHKLFOHZDVEXLOWDVDWUDQVL WLRQDOYHKLFOHDQGODXQFKHGRQO\WKUHHWLPHV7KH 'HOWD,9V\VWHPWKHQHZHVWLQ'HOWD·VIOHHWZLOO ODXQFKWKH*HRVWDWLRQDU\2SHUDWLRQDO(QYLURQPHQWDO 6DWHOOLWH *2(6 VHULHVRIVSDFHFUDIWDQGRWKHUIXWXUH The L-1011 carrier aircraft is in flight with its cargo of the Pegasus launch vehicle and SciSat-1 spacecraft 1$6$PLVVLRQV7KH'HOWD,9FDQFDUU\IURP underneath. SRXQGV NLORJUDPV WRSRXQGV NLORJUDPV WR*72DQGIURPSRXQGV NLORJUDPV WRSRXQGV NLORJUDPV LQWR Pegasus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·V6RODU5DGLDWLRQDQG&OLPDWH 625&( H[SHULPHQW-DQDQGWKH*DOD[\(YROXWLRQ ([SORUHU *$/(; $SULOERWKIURP &&$)6 Taurus 7KH7DXUXVYHKLFOHLVDIRXUVWDJHVROLGPRWRU YHKLFOHWKDWFDQODXQFKXSWRDSRXQG NLORJUDP SD\ORDGLQWRORZ(DUWKRUELW7KH7DXUXV ZDVGHVLJQHGWRRSHUDWHIURPDZLGHUDQJHRI ODXQFK IDFLOLWLHVDQGJHRJUDSKLFORFDWLRQV7KH7DXUXVODXQFK YHKLFOHKDVVXFFHVVIXOO\VHQWVL[VDWHOOLWHVLQWRRUELW ZLWKVL[ODXQFKHVDOOIURP9$)%,WZDVXVHGWR ODXQFK1$6$·V$FWLYH&DYLW\5DGLRPHWHU,UUDGLDQFH 0RQLWRU $&5,06$7 VSDFHFUDIW'HF 1$6$SODQQHGWRODXQFKDWOHDVWILYH7DXUXVYHKLFOHV FDUU\LQJSULPDU\SD\ORDGVEHJLQQLQJLQ Titan 7KH7LWDQZDVXVHGE\1$6$WRODXQFKLQWHUSODQ A Boeing Delta II rocket launches June 10, 2003, with HWDU\PLVVLRQVIURP&&$)6$QHDUOLHUYHUVLRQRI WKH 4 the Mars Exploration Rover “Spirit” aboard. 7LWDQYHKLFOHWKH7LWDQ,,,(&HQWDXUEXLOWE\ Historic Missions Mars Exploration Rovers (MER-A & B) (Delta II) 1$6$·V0DUV([SORUDWLRQ5RYHUVZHUHODXQFKHG DERDUG'HOWD,,YHKLFOHVIURP&&$)60(5$6SLULW ODXQFKHG-XQHDQG0(5%2SSRUWXQLW\ ODXQFKHG-XO\WKDWVDPH\HDU%RWKURYHUVUHDFKHG 0DUVLQ-DQXDU\,QIRUPDWLRQVHQWIURPWKH URYHUVEDFNWR(DUWKUHYHDOHGWKHH[LVWHQFHRI ZDWHU LQWKHUHGSODQHW·VSDVW3UHYLRXV0DUVPLVVLRQV LQFOXGHWKH0DUV2G\VVH\VSDFHFUDIWWKDW ODXQFKHGIURP6SDFH/DXQFK&RPSOH[$DW &&$)6$SULO 7KH0DUV3DWKILQGHUEHJDQLWVMRXUQH\WR0DUV DWRSD'HOWD,,WKDWODXQFKHG'HFIURP /DXQFK&RPSOH[% 1$6$·VILUVWUHWXUQWR0DUVDIWHUWKH9LNLQJ PLVVLRQEHJDQZLWKWKHODXQFKRI WKH0DUV*OREDO 6XUYH\RUDWRSD'HOWD,,1RYIURP&&$)6 /DXQFK&RPSOH[$7KH6XUYH\RUWUDYHOHGWRWKH UHGSODQHWDQGVSHQWDSSUR[LPDWHO\WZR\HDUVPDS SLQJWKH0DUWLDQVXUIDFHWRDFKLHYHDJOREDOSRUWUDLW Stardust, Genesis, Deep Impact (Delta II) 2Q)HED'HOWD,,ODXQFKHGIURP/DXQFK &RPSOH[$DW&&$)6FDUU\LQJWKH6WDUGXVW VSDFHFUDIW6WDUGXVWFROOHFWHGFRPHWGXVWDQGYRODWLOH VDPSOHVGXULQJDSODQQHGFORVHHQFRXQWHUZLWKWKH This Titan IVB/Centaur rocket launches Oct. 15, 1997, FRPHW:LOGLQ-DQXDU\6WDUGXVWDOVRFROOHFWHG carrying the Cassini spacecraft. VDPSOHVRILQWHUVWHOODUGXVWLQFOXGLQJWKHUHFHQWO\ GLVFRYHUHGGXVWVWUHDPLQJLQWRRXU6RODU6\VWHP7KLV 0DUWLQ0DULHWWDDQG*HQHUDO'\QDPLFVZDVXVHGWR ODXQFKZDVXQXVXDOLQWKDWLWZDVWKHILUVW86PLVVLRQ ODXQFKWZR+HOLRVPLVVLRQVWRWKH6XQWZR9LNLQJ GHGLFDWHGVROHO\WRWKHVWXG\RIDFRPHW PLVVLRQVWR0DUVDQGWZR9R\DJHUPLVVLRQVWR-XSLWHU 1$6$·V*HQHVLVVSDFHFUDIWODXQFKHGDERDUGD DQG6DWXUQEHJLQQLQJLQWKHV2QHRI WKH 'HOWD,,$XJIURP/DXQFK&RPSOH[$DW 9R\DJHUVDOVRFRQWLQXHGRQWR8UDQXVDQG1HSWXQH &&$)6*HQHVLVFROOHFWHGVDPSOHVRIVRODUZLQG³ $OORIWKHPLVVLRQVSURYLGHGUHPDUNDEOHQHZVFLHQ LQYLVLEOHFKDUJHGSDUWLFOHVWKDWIORZRXWZDUGIURPWKH WLILFGDWDDERXWRXU6RODU6\VWHPDQGVSHFWDFXODU 6XQ7KHSDUWLFOHVZLOOEHVWXGLHGE\VFLHQWLVWVWR FRORUSKRWRJUDSKVRI WKHSODQHWVWKH\H[SORUHGDV VHDUFKIRUDQVZHUVWRIXQGDPHQWDOTXHVWLRQVDERXW ZHOODVVRPHRI WKHLUPRRQV WKHH[DFWFRPSRVLWLRQRIRXUVWDUDQGWKHELUWKRI 7KH7LWDQ,9ODXQFKHG1$6$·V&DVVLQLVSDFHFUDIW RXU6RODU6\VWHP WR6DWXUQLQ7KH7LWDQ,,,VHQW1$6$·V0DUV 7KH'HHS,PSDFWPLVVLRQODXQFKHG-DQ 2EVHUYHURQLWVMRXUQH\LQ7KH7LWDQ,,ZDV IURP&&$)6DQGZLOOUHDFK&RPHW7HPSHOLQ-XO\ XVHGWRODXQFKPDQ\1DWLRQDO2FHDQLFDQG$WPR 7KH´IO\E\µVSDFHFUDIWZLOOFROOHFWLPDJHVRI VSKHULF$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ 12$$ ZHDWKHUVDWHOOLWHV WKHFRPHWEHIRUHLWV´LPSDFWRUµVSDFHFUDIWUHDFKHV 0RVWUHFHQWO\D7LWDQ,,ODXQFKHG1$6$·V12$$0 WKHFRPHWDQGDIWHUWKHLPSDFWWRVWXG\WKHSULVWLQH VDWHOOLWH-XQHIURP9$)% LQWHULRURI RQHRILWVFUDWHUV 5 6SDFH$JHQF\,WVVHYHQ\HDUMRXUQH\WR6DWXUQEHJDQ 2FWIURP/DXQFK&RPSOH[RQD7LWDQ ,9DW&&$)6&DVVLQLPDGHREVHUYDWLRQVRI DWOHDVW RQHDVWHURLGDQGWKHSODQHW-XSLWHURQLWVZD\WR 6DWXUQ&DVVLQLDUULYHGDW6DWXUQLQ-XO\DQGZLOO VSHQGIRXU\HDUVH[SORULQJWKHSODQHWLWVULQJVDQG

View Full Text

Details

  • File Type
    pdf
  • Upload Time
    -
  • Content Languages
    English
  • Upload User
    Anonymous/Not logged-in
  • File Pages
    8 Page
  • File Size
    -

Download

Channel Download Status
Express Download Enable

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

  • Not to be reproduced or distributed without explicit permission.
  • Not used for commercial purposes outside of approved use cases.
  • Not used to infringe on the rights of the original creators.
  • If you believe any content infringes your copyright, please contact us immediately.

Support

For help with questions, suggestions, or problems, please contact us