BridepriceBrideprice SystemsSystems Simple Exogamy polity Simple Bifurcate Bride Polygyny agriculture Merging Kin Price Terms Female Premarital sex farming permitted Economy Polity Transmission of Marriage Kinship Division of labor Property Terminology DowryDowry SystemsSystems Complex In-marriage polity Advanced Dowry Sibling agriculture Monogamy kin terms Male Prohibited farming premarital sex Economy Polity Transmission of Marriage Kinship Division of labor Property Terminology TheThe ValueValue ofof VirginityVirginity Economic None Bride Bride Gift Dowry Total Transaction Price Service Exchange & indirect dowry Virginity 31669 1852 valued Virginity 26 27 10 3 7 73 Virginity not valued N=125; Chi-square = 27.13; p<0.0001 Alice Schlegel, American Ethnologist, 18: 719-734 (1991) FemaleFemale ContributionsContributions toto PrimaryPrimary FoodFood ProductionProduction HHHH andand DD:DD: FurtherFurther ContrastsContrasts Bride Price Dowry Heir Production not relevant because of important because of lineal lateral inheritance inheritance and random demographic events Adoption by kin for care of parentless sometimes by kin for heir children production Non-reproductive rare spinsters and bachelors adults Alternative none concubines & morganatic marriage forms unions Marriage polygyny monogamy Gaining high status accumulation of human Accumulation of capital resources resources Divorce common rare Religious orders for absent present, celibates in non-reproductive religious order are celibates relatively common MorganaticMorganatic MarriageMarriage Etymology: New Latin matrimonium ad morganaticam, literally, marriage with morning gift Date: circa 1741 of, relating to, or being a marriage between a member of a royal or noble family and a person of inferior rank in which the rank of the inferior partner remains unchanged and the children of the marriage do not succeed to the titles, fiefs, or entailed property of the parent of higher rank.