MINISTRY OF HEALTH DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL RESEARCH (LOWER MYANMAR) -4 rf,"d .1, l,.ifr M '\t $.,iJ+j AI{I{OTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TRADITIOI{AL MEDTCII\E RESEARCH CARRTED OUT AT DMR (LM) nURIf{G 196s-2011 f# #a# €€# 6rdffi t u 6 l6'6 ktibilicetidiT \ &, ft Ministry of Health Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar) Central Biomedical Library ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE RESEARCH CARRIED OUT AT DMR (LM) DURING 1965-2011 Compiled by Cho Mar Oo BA (Economics); DipLibSc Librarian, Central Biomedical Library Staff of Central Biomedical Library May Aye Than MBBS, MMedSc (Pharmacology) Deputy Director & Head Pharmacology Research Division Staff of Pharmacology Research Division Aung Myo Min BSc (Physics); DipLibSc; RL Librarian & Head (Retd.) Central Biomedical Library Ye Htut MBBS, MSc (Medical Parasitology) (London) DLSHTM, FRCP (Edin) Deputy Director-General Myo Khin MBBS, MD (New South Wales), DCH, FRCP (Edin) Acting Director General PREFACE Throughout recorded history, people of various cultures have relied on traditional medicine. Worldwide, only an estimated ten to thirty percent of human health care is delivered by conventional, biomedically oriented practitioners. The remaining seventy to ninety percent ranges from self-care according to folk principles, to care given in an organized health care system based on traditional medicine. Likewise, in Myanmar health care system, the existence of traditional medicine along with allopathic medicines is well recognized. Myanmar traditional medicine dates back 2,000 years and is well accepted and widely used by the people throughout history. Burma Medical Research Institute since it was established in 1963 had started a program of research on traditional medicinal plants including laboratory screening tests on animal models of herbs with reputed pharmacological properties-such as anti-dysentery, bronchodilator, hypoglycemic effects. A research program for the standardization, pharmacological and toxicological evaluation of traditional drugs and herbal medicines was started in 1984 and Myanmar Traditional Medicine National Formulary has been compiled for 57 numbers of traditional medicine formulations, in each monograph including formulary, therapeutic uses, caution and dosage in Myanmar language. The Ministry of Health plays a pivotal role in the promotion and maintenance of health of the Myanmar people for ensuring their health and longevity. The ministry also encouraged research on traditional medicinal plants with the objectives of obtaining evidence-based traditional medicine drugs and exploring new traditional medicinal plants. Scientists from the Ministries of Health, Science and Technology and Education gather together to conduct research on traditional medicine and traditional plants during the past decades. An attempt has been made to consolidate all available data on traditional medicine research carried out at the Department of Medicine Research (Lower Myanmar) during the past five decades. The bibliography is divided into two parts. The first part consists of bibliography itself. Entries are provided with annotations and the titles are arranged alphabetically. Annotations were made based on the abstracts. The second part is "The Subject Index" and "Author Index". MeSH is the authority list used by the National Library of Medicine of the United States of America. Myanmar Traditional Medicine includes many medical materials of plants and animal origin which are not included in MeSH. In such cases, modifications have to be made and new subject headings have been added ie, species of plants as well as their local names. Cross-references are provided where necessary. This bibliography will be of great assistance as a handy reference to traditional medicine practitioners and various researchers in the field of Myanmar Traditional Medicine. Additional information can also be obtained through review articles enlisted. Dr. Myo Khin MBBS, MD (NSW), DCH, FRCP (Edin) Acting Director-General Department of Medical Research( Lower Myanmar) i Abbreviations 1st Burma Res Congr - 1st Burma Research Congress Burma Med Res Counc - Burma Medical Research Council Myanmar Health Res Congr - Myanmar Health Research Congress Res Pap Reading Session, Med Res Div - Research Paper Reading Session, Medical Research Division Burma Res Congr - Burma Research Congress Med Res Congr - Medical Research Congress Rep Burma Med Res Counc - Report of Burma Medical Research Council Myanmar Health Sci Res J - Myanmar Health Science Research Journal Burma Med Res Counc; Spec Rep Ser - Burma Medical Research Council; Special Report Series 2nd Conf Med Spec, MMA - 2nd Conference Medical Specialty, Myanmar Medical Association 16th Myanmar Military Med Conf - 16th Myanmar Military Medical Conference Pharmaceutical Biol - Pharmaceutical Biology Union Burma J Life Sci - Union of Burma Journal of Life Sciences Southeast Asia Region, Reg Health Forum - Southeast Asia Region, Regional Health Forum Int J Crude Drug Res - International Journal Crude Drug Research iii Contents page Preface i Abbreviations iii Part 1 Abstracts with Annotation 1 Part 2 Author Index 219 Subject Index Medical Subject Headings 233 Index of Medicinal Plants (English) 243 Index of Medicinal Plants (Myanmar) 253 Traditional Medicine Formularies 265 Part 3 Review Articles 267 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE RESEARCH CARRIED OUT AT DMR (LM) DURING 1965‐2011 1. The action of Desmodium triquetrum (Lauk-thay-ywet) on the development of Musca domestica. Tu, Margaret; Hkun Saw Lwin. 1st Burma Med Res Conf, 1965: p6. In Burma, Desmodium triquetrum (Lauk-thay-ywet) leaves are used to cover ngapi in the belief that this practice renders the ngapi free of fly larvae. Assuming that the larvae found in ngapi were those of Musca domestica, studies were initially made on the effect of Desmodium triquetrum leaves and extract on (1) eggs of M. domestica (2) larvae of M. domestica (3) oviposition in M. domestica. D. triquetrum leaves and extract had no effect on the hatching of M. domestica eggs. Both leaf and extract had no action on oviposition in M. domestica. Extracts tested had no action on the larve, but the leaf had a lethal effect on the majority of larvae within 24hours. Death appeared to be due finally to dehydration. The initial effects produced were a localisation of the larvae to part of the leaf, usually on the under surface, followed by an exudation of fluid. The mechanism by which the leaf produces the changes in the larvae has yet to be elucidated. Studies were also made on the action of D. triquetrum leaf and extract on the development of fly larvae found in Nga-ngapi and Seinsa-ngapi. Extracts tested had no effect on the larvae but the leaf had a lethal effect. The relative proportions of different kinds of fly larvae found in Nga-ngapi and Seinsa-ngapi were studied. Four different kinds of fly larvae were found in batches of Nga-ngapi and Seinsa-ngapi tested viz. M. domestica (in comparatively very small numbers), a Borborid species, a calliphorid species and a species of Drosophila. The last three species of fly are a waiting identification. 2. Activation analysis of arsenic in ''Khun-hnit-par-shaung" Myanmar indigenous medicine. Than Dar Shwe. Thesis, MSc (Chemistry), University of Yangon, 1988. Gamma counter employing 'Bicron' scintillation counter was calibrated for study of 75AS (n, r) 76As reaction. Sources of errors related to gamma attenuation and neutron self-shielding effects were studied. Mass-activity relation for arsenic was determined by gamma counting technique and checked against by both nuclear and chemical methods. 'Khun-hnit-par-shaung' Myanmar indigenous medicine was formulated and the effects of various experimental parameters on medicinal formulations were investigated. 3. Activities of some medicinal plants on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients with septic wound (Ana-pauk wound) attending Traditional Medicine Hospital, Yangon. Lwin Lwin Cho; Mar Mar Nyein; May Kyi Aung; Win Myint; Mi Mi Htwe; Hla Myint. Myanmar Health Res Congr, 2006: p18. Three medicinal plants: (Allium sativum-single clove garlic), leaves and seeds of Tama (Azadirachta indica) and Bizat (Eupatorium odoratum) leaves were selected to find out the antibacterial activity on 30 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Wound swabs and pus samples were collected from patients with septic wound attending Traditional Medicine Hospital, Yangon from January to August, 2005. All extracts of three medicinal plants and fresh juice of Bizat leaves showed no antibacterial activity on Stphylococcus aureus. Fresh garlic juice had significant batericidal action on all those isolates. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of fresh garlic juice on those isolates was in the range of 1.3% to 2% (v/v) by agar plate dilution method and minimum bactericidal concentration of fresh garlic juice was in the range of 1.3% to 5% (v/v) by tube dilution method. The findings of this study may be a scientific report for further development of a useful phytomedicine from garlic with specific antibacterial activity. 1 ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE RESEARCH CARRIED OUT AT DMR (LM) DURING 1965‐2011 4. Activity of Traditional Medicine Formulations (TMF-6 & TMF-23). Mar Mar Nyein; Mi Mi Htwe. Myanmar Health Sci Res J. 2004; 16(1-3): p18-22. The Myanmar Traditional Medicine Formulations (TMF-6 & TMF-23) which are mainly used in diarrhea and dysentery by Myanmar practitioners were selected to determine the antibacterial properties.