Feasibility Study for the Integrated Waste Management System in Waste Management Zone 5, Centre Development Region Content 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 1 2 Baseline conditions .......................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Geographical context ................................................................................................ 4 2.2 Socio-economic data ................................................................................................. 6 2.2.1 Settlements ........................................................................................................ 6 2.2.2 Gross domestic product ...................................................................................... 7 2.2.3 Economic profile of the area ............................................................................... 8 2.2.4 Population ........................................................................................................ 15 2.2.5 Source of income .............................................................................................. 17 2.2.6 Unemployment ................................................................................................. 19 3 General legislative framework ........................................................................................ 21 3.1 Current legislation ................................................................................................... 21 3.2 New national legal regulations................................................................................. 25 4 Current situation on waste generation and forecast ....................................................... 29 4.1 Current situation on waste generation ..................................................................... 29 4.1.1 Amount of municipal waste ............................................................................... 29 4.1.2 Municipal waste composition ............................................................................ 32 4.2 Municipal waste forecast ......................................................................................... 33 4.2.1 Forecast of municipal waste generation ............................................................ 33 4.2.2 Forecast of municipal waste composition .......................................................... 34 5 Current situation on waste management ....................................................................... 36 5.1 Data collection methodology ................................................................................... 36 5.2 Sanitation operators ................................................................................................ 37 5.3 Recovery of municipal waste ................................................................................... 44 5.4 Disposal of municipal waste .................................................................................... 44 5.5 Financial aspects .................................................................................................... 46 5.6 Projects on waste management .............................................................................. 48 6 Objectives and targets ................................................................................................... 50 7 Management of special waste streams .......................................................................... 54 7.1 Hazardous household waste ................................................................................... 54 7.2 Bulky waste ............................................................................................................. 55 7.3 Packaging waste ..................................................................................................... 56 7.4 Waste electrical and electronic equipment and waste batteries and accumulators .. 57 7.5 Construction and demolition waste .......................................................................... 59 7.6 Manure and agriculture waste ................................................................................. 60 8 Option analysis .............................................................................................................. 61 8.1 Assumptions and methodology ............................................................................... 61 8.2 Technical options for collection and transport of recyclable waste ........................... 62 8.2.1 Current situation ............................................................................................... 62 8.2.2 Territorial scope of the separate collection system............................................ 62 8.2.3 Waste storage equipment and systems for collection ....................................... 62 8.2.4 Options for separate waste collection ............................................................... 66 8.2.5 Cost comparison of the options for separate waste collection ........................... 68 8.2.6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 68 8.3 Technical options for collection and transport of residual waste .............................. 69 8.3.1 Current situation ............................................................................................... 69 8.3.2 Pre-collection system ........................................................................................ 70 8.3.3 Container placement and container volume ...................................................... 75 8.3.4 Frequency of waste collection ........................................................................... 76 8.3.5 Waste collection vehicles .................................................................................. 76 8.3.6 Options for collection and transport of residual waste ....................................... 77 i 8.3.7 Cost comparison of the options for collection of residual waste ........................ 77 8.3.8 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 79 8.4 Technical options for transfer of municipal waste .................................................... 80 8.4.1 Transfer station types ....................................................................................... 80 8.4.2 Options for transfer stations .............................................................................. 84 8.4.3 Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 85 8.5 Technical options for sorting of municipal waste ..................................................... 86 8.5.1 General overview of the sorting process ........................................................... 87 8.5.2 Identification of options for sorting of waste ...................................................... 95 8.5.3 Description of the sorting options ...................................................................... 95 8.5.4 Cost assessment of the options for sorting of waste ......................................... 97 8.5.5 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 98 8.6 Technical options for treatment of biodegradable municipal waste .......................... 99 8.6.1 Treatment methods for residual municipal waste .............................................. 99 8.6.2 Waste-to-energy technologies ........................................................................ 101 8.6.3 Mechanical-biological treatment...................................................................... 101 8.6.4 Treatment of separately collected green and bio-waste .................................. 107 8.6.5 Home composting ........................................................................................... 113 8.6.6 Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 115 8.7 Technical options for disposal of municipal waste ................................................. 115 8.7.1 Options for waste disposal .............................................................................. 116 8.7.2 Cost comparison of the options for waste disposal ......................................... 117 8.8 Analysis of alternatives for the integrated waste management system .................. 118 8.8.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 118 8.8.2 Identification of system options ....................................................................... 119 8.8.3 Cost assessment of system options ................................................................ 121 8.8.4 Final assessment of the system options. Conclusion ...................................... 122 8.9 Presentation of the preferred alternative ............................................................... 124 9 Closure of the existing dumpsites ................................................................................ 127 9.1 Current situation .................................................................................................... 127 9.2 General technical provision for closure .................................................................. 127 9.3 Proposals