2009:08 Sida Review Bo Tegnäs Sosena Demissie Eva Poluha Yared Fekade Mandefro Seán Johnson Sida-Amhara Rural Development Programme 1997–2008 Sida-Amhara Rural Development Programme 1997–2008 Bo Tegnäs Eva Poluha Seán Johnson Sosena Demissie Yared Fekade Mandefro Sida Review 2009:08 Sida Authors: Bo Tegnäs, Eva Poluha, Seán Johnson, Sosena Demissie, Yared Fekade Mandefro. The views and interpretations expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily refl ect those of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sida. Sida Review 2009:08 Commissioned by Sida, Department for Long-term Programme Cooperation, Team for Ethiopia. Copyright: Sida and the authors Date of fi nal report: May 2009 Printed by: Edita 2009 Art. no. Sida52306en ISBN: 978-91-586-4098-6 URN:NBN se-2009-18 This publication can be downloaded from: http://www.sida.se/publications SWEDISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AGENCY Address: SE-105 25 Stockholm, Sweden. Visiting address: Valhallavägen 199. Phone: +46 (0)8-698 50 00. Fax: +46 (0)8-20 88 64. www.sida.se [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................3 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................12 Acronyms ..............................................................................................................................................13 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................15 1.1 The Purpose of the Evaluation ..............................................................................................15 1.2 Terms of Reference ................................................................................................................15 1.3 The Team ...............................................................................................................................15 1.4 The Approach Used ..............................................................................................................16 1.5 Limitations ..............................................................................................................................16 2. Sida-Amhara Rural Development Programme 1997–2008 ...............................................18 2.1 Overall History, Phases I–III .................................................................................................18 2.2 “Pillars” and Log Frames........................................................................................................18 2.3 Organisational Structure ........................................................................................................20 2.4 Technical Assistance ...............................................................................................................21 2.5 Earlier Evaluations and Assessments .....................................................................................22 3. General Findings .........................................................................................................................23 3.1 Macroeconomic Context ........................................................................................................23 3.2 SARDP in a Changing Environment .....................................................................................23 4. Findings in Relation to Phase III ..............................................................................................28 4.1 Output 1: Agriculture and Natural Resources Management .................................................29 4.2 Output 2: Economic Diversifi cation Component ..................................................................45 4.3 Output 3: Infrastructure Component ....................................................................................55 4.4 Output 4: Decentralisation ....................................................................................................63 4.5 Programme Management and Technical Assistance .............................................................70 5. Findings in Relation to the Period 1997–2008 ...................................................................75 5.1 Is there an Increase in Farming Productivity? .......................................................................75 5.2 Are there Signs of the Economy being Diversifi ed? ...............................................................76 5.3 Has the Household Economy Improved? ...............................................................................76 5.4 Have People become More Food Secure? ..............................................................................79 5.5 Has the Situation for Women Improved? ...............................................................................80 5.6 Has the Situation for Vulnerable Groups Improved? .............................................................82 5.7 Are Institutions at Regional, Woreda and Kebele level Functioning Better? .........................83 5.8 Has Decentralization Been Effective? ....................................................................................84 5.9 Is there Increased Resilience against Crises and Reduced Frequency of Crises? ..................84 5.10 Has Public Health Improved? ................................................................................................85 5.11 Has Awareness Generally been Raised through Extension Work? ........................................86 5.12 What has SARDP possibly Contributed to Ethiopia? ............................................................88 6. Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................89 6.1 Overall Conclusions ...............................................................................................................89 6.2 Land Administration ..............................................................................................................91 6.3 Programme Governance by Sida and PCC ...........................................................................93 6.4 Technical Quality ...................................................................................................................93 6.5 Ownership/Maintenance .......................................................................................................93 6.6 Area and Target Groups Differentiation ................................................................................93 6.7 Sustainability of Results .........................................................................................................94 7. Lessons Learnt ...........................................................................................................................95 7.1 On Programme Design and Implementation Arrangements .................................................95 7.2 On Technical Content ............................................................................................................96 7.3 On Approaches .......................................................................................................................98 8. Recommendations ..................................................................................................................100 8.1 Recommendations for the Near Future ................................................................................100 8.2 Recommendations for a Possible Continued Support from Sida ........................................105 Appendix 1. Terms of Reference ................................................................................................111 Appendix 2. Work Programme ....................................................................................................117 Appendix 3. List of People Met ...................................................................................................120 Appendix 4. List of Documentation Consulted ........................................................................128 Appendix 5. Evaluation of the Land Administration Component.........................................131 Appendix 6. Report from Stakeholder Workshop 10.4.2009 ..............................................163 Appendix 7. Details on the Approach Used ..............................................................................173 Appendix 8. Selected Findings of Earlier Evaluations and Assessments ..........................176 Appendix 9. Selected “Facts and Figures” on Agricultural Productivity and Related Issues with Conclusions Derived from those .....................................182 Appendix 10. Views of Workshop Participants, PCU and the Team on Contents of a Future Sida-supported Programme ...........................................................186 2 Sida-AMHARA RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 1997–2008 – Sida REVIEW 2009:08 Executive Summary The Programme The birth of SARDP dates back to 1995. A proposal for a one year inception phase for Swedish support to Amhara Region was developed and agreed upon. Since then, support has been provided by Sida under three different programme phases of the Sida-Amhara Rural Development Programme, SARDP: SARDP I (April 1997 to December 2001) • Total budget: 285.5 million SEK • Coverage: Four Woredas in