REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE AGAINST APARTHEID GENERAL ASSEMBLY OFFICIAL RECORDS: FORTY-FOURTH SESSION SUPPLEMENT No. 22 (A/44/2~) UNITED NATIONS New York, 1990 NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed ofcapital letters combined with figures. Mention of sl!ch a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The present. report was also submitted to the Security Council under the symbol S/20901. ISSN 0255-1845 1111 iqlllllll l~uqllHh) I!i li'alHlltHy 19~O 1 CONTENTS LBTTER OF TRANSMITTAL •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• l1li •• l1li ••••••••••••••••••••••• PART ONE ~~AL RBPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE •...•....••............... 1 275 2 I • INTRODUCTION ••••••••••.•••.••.••.......•.......•. l1li •••••••• 1 1 3 11. RBVIBW OF DEVELOPMENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA .........•.......... [, q4 1 A. General political conditions !l 15 4 B. Repression of the r~pulation .......................... 1.6 4" () 1.. Overview ...•.......•.............................. 1(; fi 2. Political trials, death sentences and executions .. I.., - 7.4 r; 3. Detention without trial ?!l 7.11 IJ 4. Vigilante groups, death squads and covert activities .. ' . 29 35 y 5. Security laws, banning and restriction or(\ers ..... lfi :19 11 6. Forced population removals ..••....••...•.......... 10 .. 45 12 7. Press censorship I ••••••••• 46 - 47 13 C. Resistance to apartheid .•.......•..................... 411 .. 03 13 1. Organizing broader fronts of resistance .....•..... 40 5n 11 2. National liberation movements . !i9 1;1 I. t) 3. Non-racial trade union movement Ij tl 1;9 l" 4. Actions by religious, youth and student gr Il\lllt~ ••.. "10 .,., III 5. Whites in the resistance . "111 1I:cl ),0 1)4 D. Destabilization and State terrorism . " 'I 7.2 Ill. EXTERNAL RELATIONS OF SOUTH AFRICA , . '.t !j 150 ).!, A. Overview . 'Pi 119 ? !i - iii- "~- CONTENTS (continued) B. Economic performance •••••••••••.••••••..•••.......... 100 106 25 C. Economic relationm and impact of sanctions •••......... L07 13:1 27 1. Trade and transport ••••••••••.•.••••..••.......... 108 120 l7 2. Loans and credits ................................. :1.21 12] 32 3. Disinvestment and South African foreign illvootment. Il4 - 131 33 D. Military and nuclear relations •..••••.••. 132 - 145 35 E. Assessment of the impact of sanction~ and othor measures on the South African economy .••••.••..••..... L46 - 150 38 IV. INTERNATIONAL ACTION AGAINST APARTHE~ •••••••••••...••.... 151 - 192 40 Gene,~al A. ••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• l1li ••••••• 15L 40 B. Governments and intergovernmental organizations .••.... 152·· 159 40 C. Non-governmental and other organizations ••••••..••.... IGO - 171 42 D. People's sanctions.................................... 1'17.." 175 44 E. Cultural boycott •••••••••••••••••••••.•..••••......... "1'16 - 102 45 F. Sports boycott •••••••••••••••.•.••••..••..••.......... '16:1 - 192 47 V. REVIEW OF THE WORK OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE •.••••...•..... 193 - 254 50 A. ~esolutions adopted by the General Assembly at its forty-third session on the, item entitled "Policies of apartheid of tae Gnvernment of South Africa" •••...••.. 194 - 19'1 50 B. Activities of the Special Commlttee in support. of the anti-apartheid resistance in South Africa ••........... 198 .. 212 51. 1. Seminar on the special needs of South AfrJcan and Namibian refugee women and children •.••••...••.... HI!, 51 2. Observance of the international days of sClliclAr Hy and other speciel meetings of the Special CommlttEtFJ 7,()" - la}. 52 3. Consultations with apartheid opponentu •••...•..... lDJ 7.05 52 4. Statements and messages against the represGion "f apartheid opponents in South Africa lilG· 212 53 c. Activities of the Special Committee against collC/boretion with South Africa ..••.•..•.•............ ),1.:\ 23R ··iv- B••t Copy AVlnlb'. I CONTENTS (continued) 1. Hearings on the oil embargo against South Africu 214 2. Consultations on the arms embargo against South Africa ......•........•............................ 21 !i !i5 3. Military collaboration . 216 - 223 55 4. Economic collaboration . ., . 224 - 227 5. Sports contacts •.••••••••...•••••.•..•••.......... 220 - 235 50 6. Cultural and other contacts •.•.••.••.•••..•.... "0 23fi - 230 59 P. Further actions to isolate the apartbeid regimG •...... 239 - 249 60 1. International Non-Governmental Organizations Seminar on Education against Apartheid ••.... "0 "0 60 2. Support of anti-apartheid activitie81 part.icipation in meeting8 and other events •••••••••••••••••.. "0 210 249 61 E. Missions of the Chairman of the Special Committee ~50 - 251 63 F. Co-operation with other United Nations bodies Bnd other orqanizations , ,............... 252 254 (;3 VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ••••••••••••••••••••••• III ••• 255 - 275 65 I. Composition of the subaidiary bodies of the Special Committoe Bgui~ct Apartheid, of the Intergovernmental Group to Monitor the Supply and Shipping of Oil and Petroleum Products to Soulh Africa, of the Commission against AparthsiiS in Sports and of the Support Gl'OUp oC Eminent Women •••••••..••.•.•••••••......•.••...•.•.•.................. 80 11. Selected excerpts of statements issued by the Spedal Commlt.toe 02 III . List of documents i~sued by the Special Committee 90 PART TWO REPORT ON RE\~ENT DEVELOPMENTS CONCERNING RELATIONS BETWFoEN ISRAEL AND SOUTH AFRICA .. .1. ],4 91 I. INTRODUCTION . 1 ], 92 11. MILITARY COLLABORATION ••••.••..•....•..•................ 0 • :\ .L1 93 Ill. OTHER COLLABORATION •.•..•......•.......................... 1.~ - ;W 9fi IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 2.1 24 90 -v- LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 12 0<:tob81' 1989 Sir, I have the honour to send you herewith the reports of the Hpeclal Committee 8')ainst Apartheid - the annual report and the report on ncent develupments concerning relations between Israel and South Africa - Wllich WU~fl adopted unanimously by the Special Committee on 11 October 1989. These l'eportB fire submitted to the General Assembly anO the Security Counc:il in F.lc:c:ol'Clarwe with the relevant provisions of General Assembly resolution 2671 (XXV) o' n l.Ieeember 1970 and 43/50 A to K of 5 December 1988. Accept, Sir, the assurances of my highest consider~tion. (Signed) GlodYG ST.qPHARD Acting Chrd rmflll Special Committe~ aqainsl: AQI.l.rtM_i.d His Excellency Mr. Javier Perez de Cuellar Secretary-General United Nations New York, New York -1- PART ONE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE -2- I. INTRODUCTION 1. The Special Conwittee ~gainst Apartheid, established by General Assembly resolution 1761 (XVII) of 6 November 1962, is now composed of the following 19 Member States: Algeria Indonesia Sudan German Democratic Republic Malaysia Syrian Arab Republic Ghana Nepal Trinidad and Tobago Guinea Nigeria U~rainian Soviet Socialist Haiti Peru Republic Hungary Philippines Zimbabwe India Somalia 2. At its 623rd me~ting, on 20 December 1988, the Special Committee unanimously re-elected Major-General Joseph N. Garba (Nigeria) as its Chairman and Mr. Guennadi I. Oudovenko (Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic) and Mr. Jai Pratap Ravd (Nepal) as its Vice-Chairmen. Mr. Glodys St.-Phard (Haiti) was elected as Vice-Chairman and Mr. Virendra Gupta (India) as Rapporteur. 3. The Special Committee also re-elected Mr. James Victor Gbeho (Ghana) as Chairman of its SUb-Committee on the Implementation of United Nations Resolutions and Collaboration with South Africa and Mt. Tewfik Abada (Algeria) as Chairman of its SUb-Committee on Petitions and Information. It elected Mr. Jose Bellina (Peru) as Chairman of. the Task Force on Political Prisoners. Mr. Nasreldin A. M. !dris (Sudan) was re-elected as Chairman of the Task Force on Women and Children under Apartheid and Mr. Ose10k~ Obaze (Nigeria) as Chairman of the Task Force on Legal Aspects of Apartheid. (For the names of the members of the subsidiary bodies of the Special Committee, see annex! to the present report.) 4. The Special Committee decided unanimously to submit the present report to the General Assembly and the Jecurity Council. -3- 11. REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA A. general pQlitical cQnditiQns 5. DevelQpments in the period under review (August 1988 to August 1989) underline the fact that the impasse continues in South Africa, in spite of a r..umber of internal and external developments. While the apartheiC regime has made pronouncements concer"'ing prQpos~d changes in the political structure Qf the country, its "reform" plan fails to fulfil the demands of the black majority for full political rights and maintains the fun, amental aspects of whlte minority rule. The plan reflects further the regime's concern with ~ver.ting international action against South Africa at a critical juncture for its economy. With an arsenal of repressive legislation alreadr in place, the renewal of the state of emergency fQr the fQurth consecutive year marked Pretoria's intention to continue ~uppressing the apartheid QppositiQn. It also underscored the regime's unwillingner~ to e~~ablish the conditiQns that ~ould create the necessary climate for negotiations, even though such demands have been made by both the national liberation movements and the international community. 6. Not:~'.i.t·'lstanding the stoite of elller':l.:!ncy, internal resistance to the regime was able to ~~'~oup and adapt to conditions, and in doing so, experienced a resurgence. Apartheid opponents undertook a cQ-ordinated campaign of defiance of repressive laws, not only to ma':e those laws ineffectual but also to regain the political space and momentum to ~ontinue peaceful opposition