H E S OD THE ° POEMS AN D FRAGMENTS D ONE INT O E N G L I S H PROS E WIT H INT ROD U CT ION A N D APPE ND ICE S A R W I M A . fy E T B . MA E C A B . , . ( R . A NTA ) P ROF E S S OR OF GRE E K m E D I N BU RGH 7: S OME T IME F E L L OW o p G ON V I L L E A N D em us C OL L E G E CAMBRI DG E OXFORD A T T H E CLARE N DON PRE SS i g o 8 ' Q Q ‘ Q H E N RY F R OWD E , P U BL I S H E R T O T H E U NIV E RS I T Y OF OXF ORD L ON D ON E D I N B U RG H N E W Y , , ORK T ORON TO A N D ME L B OU RN E PRE F A C E ' N o apology seems needed for a new English trans t on o f H siod sh b e if the r s nt la i e . I all glad p e e r enderi ng lead to a more gen eral stu dy Of a n author who if on for his nt t m st s ossess , ly a iqui y, u alway p rt r nterest a pa icula i . I n some few cases of great doubt a nd difficulty I h e ons o s e m e e s on ers on av c ci u ly giv n a r ly p rovi i al v i . hese n ee not b e s e e here a nd ho e to h e T d p cifi d , I p av a n n h e f f s ss n opportu ity elsew er o a ull di cu io . T he I ntroduction aims at no more tha n supplyi ng ert n mo nt Of nform t on w th n e n te a c ai a u i a i , i i d fi i m ts o t the es o c e os a nd the tr t on li i , ab u H i di p adi i al es o r t ntro t on was e r e on H i d . A c i ical i duc i cl a ly b y d h s f h s o o I n he en I ha e en t e cop e o t i b k . t Add da v giv a p reliminary a nd necessarily slight discussion Of a few se e te to s from the Wark: a nd D a : l c d pic y . T he vexed qu estio n Of the sp elli ng Of Greek ro er n mes is rt r tro esome in es o p p a pa icula ly ubl H i d , ‘ s n e as nt an s s ma n rs e s in nom n i c , Qui ili ay , g a pa iu i i ’ b us est o t I h e referre some a roxima ccupa a . av p d pp tion to the Greek sp elli ng rath er tha n the Roman ized forms b ut I h e not tro e o t too or o s , av ubl d ab u a lab i u ons s en c i t cy . 1 8 6 4 0 6 ' iv P ref a ce I have had the privilege Of consulting my colleague the Astronomer Royal for Scotla nd (Professor Dyson) on some stronom m tters a nd se er of m a ical a , v al y brothers have given me the b enefit Of their criticism on r o s s of scho rsh Bu t ne ther he nor va i u p oint la ip . i they have a ny resp onsibility for errors i nto which I ma h e f en y av all . b d h My est thanks a re u e to the careful scholars ip f he stafi Of the C ren on ess O t la d Pr . T H E V E S Y D BU G UNI R IT , E IN R H O to er 1 1 0 8 b . c 3 , 9 I N T RO D U CT I O N IC O I . THE HESIOD EP S ‘ ’ I O T RY is e r er th n rose is f m r . P E a li a P a a ilia t m of h stor ter r r t sm a nd the t m dic u i ical li a y c i ici , dic u I t has een is a tru e one when rightly u n derstood . b fi t w th some th t rose— r om ora tio or a dif cul y i a p p , re t s ee h—the s ee h wh h e r n ton di c p c p c ic , lik Ma k A y , ’ on s e s r ht on sho b e ter in ter t re ly p ak ig , uld la li a u th n Bu t th t is m e nt is mere th s t t a verse . all a a ly i ha efore the n en t on of som e f rm Of w r t n of b i v i o i i g, ‘ m e h n c me n s in som e sh e or o ther Of re or a c a i al a ap , c d in the s ok en wor the on k n Of ter t re th t g p d , ly i d li a u a can e s is m emor ter t re A nd mem or xi t a ial li a u . a ial literature—ca n only b e develop ed with the help of metre . Ari stotle fi n ds the origi n of poetry in two deep seated huma n i nsti n cts the i nsti nct for Imitation . a nd the nst n t for rmon a n thm m etres i i c Ha y d Rhy , e n e r sect on s Of rh thm ersons therefore b i g cl a ly i y . P , , sta rting With thi s n a tural gift develop ed by degrees the r s e t t es t the r r e m ro s t on s i p cial ap i ud , ill i ud i p vi a i e rth o oetr Po t Wh s o s t e . t r e s gav bi P y ( iv) . a A i t tl ay of r e Po L C is Of et. tr e oetr in ener T ag dy ( , ) u p y , g al , that it advan ced by slow degrees each new elemen t that showed itself was in turn develop ed an d every ’ vi I ntrodudtzon w here Nature herself discovered the appropriate m easure oetr then for r m t e man was the on P y, , p i i iv , ly eh e of ter t re the on me ns wh h the v icl li a u , ly a by ic re test ex er en es the ee est fee n s a nd s r g a p i c , d p li g a pi a t ons of m n t find a n en r n c I n i hu a i y could du i g re ord . ’ n a n N m I r k now o e w on s s r a . y ly, ay Pi da , vii 4 q , — we a mi rror for glorious deeds if by grace Of bright crown ed M nemosyne a recomp ense Of toils is fou n d ’ i n o f f erse Wh t in n r is m gl rious olds o v . a Pi da a clai a nd nt is for the r m t e man er r a vau p i i iv lit ally t u e . N ot for n othi ng was M nemosyn e or M emory the mother of the Muses a n d not for nothi ng w a s ’ m er wh h th n s a re e ne the h n Nu b , by ic all i g d fi d, a d m n of em or m er a n d M emor re si ni aide M y . Nu b y a g fica ntly coupled by Aeschylus in the P rometbeur Vinctur s . where romethe s mon other , 459 q q , P u , a g ‘ ene ts he onferre on men o sts fo n for b fi c d , b a , I u d them m er most e e en t of rts a nd the tt n Nu b , xc ll a , pu i g to ether Of etters a nd Memor neme the m se g l , y (M ) , u ’ ifi r of h n s mother a rt ce t .