• • • A CHINESE WEEKLY OF NEWS AND VIEWS Belli , No. 47 November 21-27, 198^ Chinese Premier Embari<s On Three-Nation Tour Snapping what they like. by Lian Haisheng HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK Beijing'^r Moscow Urged to Abide by Geneva Accords ;VOL. 31, NO. 47 NOV. 21-27 CONTENTS • The Soviet decision to suspend troop withdrawal from Afghanistan has caused worry in the international community. NOTES FfiOM THE EDITORS 4 They urge Moscow to continue its troop pullout. to fully A Worrisome Soviet Decision honour its commitments to the Geneva agreements and stop looking for any pretexts to delay the withdrawal, (p. 4) Another EVENTS/TRENDS 5-9 article describes the serious Afghan refugee problem created by Li; Principles on the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (p. 19). Kampuchea & ASFAN Meeting Directs Writers. : Artists Premier Li Makes First Trip Abroad Yunnan Quake is Decade's Deadliest Reforms Deepen, CCP's Rui , • Chinese Premier Li Peng started his official visit to Says Thailand, Australia and New Zealand on November 10. In Cabbage Craze Stirs Beijing Bangkok Li explained China's stand on the Kampuchea Weekly Chronicle (November 7-1?) question and its four priniciples in regard to its relations with the ASEAN countries (p. 5). ilNTERNATIONAL 10-13 United States; Bush's Victoiy: Roses and Thorns New President Will Promote Sino-US Relations Zimbabwe; Mugabe Pt)Iicics Harvest Rewards • The presidential election of the United States has evoked Poland: Thatcher Extends repercussions in China. Mr. Rong Yiren and Professor Fei '"Preachy" Hand Xiaotong, both vice-chairmen of the Standing Committee of Lebanon; Disunity Stunts the National People's Congress, think that George Bush will New Leadership further promote Sino-US relations without a significant change of policies towards China (p. 14). Bush's Familiarity Stirs Sino-US Hopes 14 Questions and Answers on tiie A Retrospective View of the Lhasa Riots Lhasa Riots 15 iRefugee Camps: Neighbours' • Three riots occurred in Lhasa, capital of the Tibet i Burdens 19 Autonomous Region, in September and October 1987 and ^Random Notes From Tibet March 1988. Many readers have since written to us, asking why i University 20 they happened and how the Chinese authorities dealt with ,Korea Reconstructs and them. To answer these questions, Beijing Review interviewed Forges Ahead 22 officials from the Chinese Ministry of Public Security, the Facts & Figures (A Decade of Supreme People's Court and the Ministry of Foreisin Affairs (p. ! Reform IX): improved Living 15). i Standards for Farmers 25 FROM THE CHINESE PRESS 29-30 Meeting Directs Writers, Artists 'BUSINESS/TRADE 31 jCULTURE/SCIENCE 32-34 [COVER: Students of the Tibet • The five-day meeting of the CFLAC's national conference .'Agricultural and .Animal Husbandi\ starting on November 8 saw hot discussions on restructuring College go for a stroll ar'ound their organization and promoting literature and art that refiects New campus. Xue Chao China, (p. 5). Published every Monday by General Editorial Office Tel: 8314318 Subscription rales(1 year): BEIJING REVIEW English Dept Tel: 831.5599 Ext. 546 Australia A.$29.00 USA . US$29.00 24 Baiwanzhuang Road, Distributed by China International Book New Zealand... NZ.$39.00 Canada. Can.$25.00 Beijing 100037 Trading Corporation (GUOJI SHUDIAN) UK £14.50 The People's Republic of China P.O. Box 399, Beijing, China NOTES FROM THE EDITORS A Worrisome Soviet Decision by Liu Shui n November 4, Soviet First sistence to the Soviet aggression, ODeputy Foreign Minister the mounting pressure of the Alexander Bessmertnykh told a international opinion on Moscow, press conference in Moscow that as well as the Kremlin's wise his country would suspend its decision. troop withdrawal from Afghanis• The various flashpoints in the tan because of increased guerrilla world are interrelated in one way attacks on civilians. He said the or another. A poHtical settlement withdrawal that began last May of one of them would promote was "due to the good will of the he Soviet, decision to political settlements of others. It Soviet government" and would postpone its troop pullout was precisely the signing of the occur only under "honourable from Afghanistan Geneva accords on the Afghan conditions." disappoints the world's question in April that led to The announcement came — as a people and raises doubts dialogues and negotiations on many other regional issues, jarring note, indeed — at a time about whether the Soviets are when many "hot spots" around contributing to the general trend the world are coohng down, and going to live up to the Geneva towards relaxadon in inter• the international community is accords. The Soviet Union national relations. On the other applauding the advent of a new should adhere to the Geneva hand, a setback in one hot spot period of detente. More worri• agreement and withdraw its would exert adverse influence on others. So, it is the hope of all the some, the Soviet decision on forces from Afghanistan as troop-pullout suspension fol• peace-loving people of the world lowed Soviet moves to beef up the scheduled. No excuse that Moscow should avoid doing Kabul regime's troops. Reports whatever will do. anything that might weaken or say Soviet SS-1 surface-to-surface even reverse the general trend missiles and sophisticated MiG-27 towards detente. warplanes have been deployed in Furthermore, the Soviet troop Afghanistan in recent weeks. According to the terms of the withdrawal is the key to a Although Bessmertnykh reaf• Geneva agreement, the Soviet comprehensive settlement of the firmed the Soviet commitment to Union must withdraw half of its Afghan problem. Only when the the Geneva accords, which require more than 100,000 troops from Soviet Union pulls out all its that Moscow complete its troop Afghanistan between May 15- troops, stops interfering in withdrawal by February 15 next August 15. It did that and thus Afghanistan's internal affairs and year, these recent Soviet moves won appreciation from the allows the Afghan people to have inevitably cast a shadow over international community. decide their own destiny can the prospect for an earlier political The world felt encouraged to national reconciliation in the settlement of the Afghan problem. hope that Moscow would cont• country have a sound premise. inue to withdraw the remaining In view of all this, the Soviet As is known to all, Afghanistan half of its military forces by Union, as a principal party to the is the world's first hot spot where, February 15, as was also provided Afghan conflict and a signatory to under the mediation of the United by the agreement. At this juncture, the Geneva accords, should Nations, hopes for a pohtical however, came the Soviet decision implement the agreement in settlement of the regional conflict to suspend the withdrawal, which earnest and withdraw all its rose this year. Last April saw the seriously disappointed the world's military forces from Afghanistan signing of the Geneva accords on people and raised doubts about as scheduled. It should not look the Afghan issue as a result of the whether the Soviets are going to for any pretexts to delay its troop Afghan people's resolute re- live up to the Geneva agreement. withdrawal. • 4 BEIJING REVIEW, NOVEMBER 21-27, 1988 EVENTS/TRENDS At a press conference on November 13, the day Li Li: Principles on Kampuchea & ASEAN concluded his visit, the Chinese premier said that it would be best if Viet Nam can withdraw its troops from Kampuchea before oth the Chinese and Thai opposes any single party to be next June. B prime ministers, Li Peng and excluded or to take power Principles On ASEAN: In a Chatichai Choonhavan, urged exclusively. China does not agree speech at a dinner hosted by Thai Viet Nam to withdraw its troops to the establishment of a dual or Prime Minister Chatichai Choon• from Kampuchea as soon as tripartite government. The es• havan on November 10, Li cited possible so as to effect a just and tablishment of a so-called coa• four principles under which China reasonable solution to the Kam• lition government based on the will energeticaly develop its puchea question. Heng Samrin regime cannot be relations with the ASEAN The two prime ministers accepted either. (Association of Southeast Asian expressed the hope during their Nafions) countries. talks in Bangkok on November Li said, after the establishment First, said Li, China stricty 11. of a provisional quadripartite adheres to the five principles of Bangkok is the first stop of Li's coalition government in Kamu- peaceful co-existence in state-to- official visit to Thailand, Australia chea, the troops of various parties state relations. "China and the and New Zealand. On November in Kampuchea should be frozen. ASEAN countries have different 10 Li took off on his first trip They should not take part in social systems, however, this abroad since he became premier of politics, nor should they intervene should not hinder the establish• the State Council last April. in the general election, thus ment and development of genuine "Viet Nam's policy has not enabling the Kampuchean people good-neighbourly relations be• changed," Li said. "It is still trying to conduct a free election without tween them." to find excuses for delaying its external interference and threat of Second, China upholds the troop withdrawal." force. In order to prevent a civil principle of opposing hegemonism Briefing the Thai prime minister war, the original armed forces of under any circumstances. China on China's position on the various parties should be dis• does not and will never practise Kampuhcea question, Li said solved or reduced in number. hegemonism, and at the same time China seeks no private interests on China stands for the proposition it opposes any attempt to seek the Kampuchea question.