East Delta Park Community Orchard Tree Walk LEARNING LANDSCAPES East Delta Park Community Orchard Tree Walk 2015 Learning Landscapes Program Site data collected in Spring 2015. Written by: Kat Davidson, Karl Dawson, Angie DiSalvo, Jim Gersbach, Jeremy Grotbo and Lindsay Peterson Portland Parks & Recreation Urban Forestry 503-823-TREE [email protected] http://portlandoregon.gov/parks/learninglandscapes Cover photos (from top left to bottom right): 1) The swollen rachis "fruits" of a Japanese raisin tree. 2) Brightly-colored Prunus persica fl owers. 3) A sweet almond tree in fl ower in its native range. 4) Emerging European hazelnuts. 5) A harvest of Italian plums and Asian pears from the orchard. 6) Brightly colored persimmons ready for picking. 7) The unusual fruits of an Illinois Everbearing mulberry. 8) Ripening Cornelian cherry dogwood fruit. ver. 6/19/2015 Portland Parks & Recreation 1120 SW Fifth Avenue, Suite 1302 Portland, Oregon 97204 (503) 823-PLAY Commissioner Amanda Fritz www.PortlandParks.org Director Mike Abbaté The Learning Landscapes Program East Delta Park Community Orchard The East Delta Park Community Orchard was initated as part of the Learning Landscapes Program in April 2010 with a planting of 55 fruit and nut trees native to regions all over the world that grow in the Pacifi c Northwest. This tree walk identifi es trees planted by numerous volunteers for the purpose of enriching the community with a delicious and educational experience. What is a Community Orchard? A community orchard is planted and cared for by volunteers and Portland Parks & Recreation (PP&R) Urban Forestry staff. Community Orchards offer an outdoor educational experience for anyone wishing to learn how to grow their own fruits and nuts in this climate, as well as provide aesthetic benefi ts to the neighborhood. This community orchard contains a diverse assemblage of tree species and cultivars designed to teach the community about tree identifi cation, biology, and appropriate trees for personal planting. Community Involvement Community-building is crucial to the success of any Work parties are organized throughout Learning Landscape. PP&R worked with Urban the year during which knowledgeable Forestry Neighborhood Tree Stewards and other community members to design, plant and establish individuals share their tree experience this orchard, and volunteers are involved in its and skills with the community, and continued care and maintenance. depending on the season, those involved Continued Hands-on Learning in the work parties may take home a Opportunities share of the harvest. The community orchard is used to provide opportunities to learn about proper tree care such as pruning techniques, weeding, mulching, and watering needs. Work parties are organized throughout the year during which knowledgeable individuals share their tree experience and skills with the community, and depending on the season, those involved in the work parties may take home a share of the harvest. How can I get involved? Visit http://www.portlandoregon.gov/parks/ learninglandscapes for volunteer opportunities or to view tree maps in other neighborhoods. Portland Parks & Recreation i East Delta Park Orchard 46 34 33 45 22 32 44 21 31 43 20 30 42 54 19 29 41 53 12 18 28 40 52 51 11 17 27 39 10 16 26 38 50 6 9 15 25 37 49 5 8 14 24 36 48 4 7 13 23 35 47 3 2 1 Learning Landscapes 20 Feet orchard tree http://portlandoregon.gov/parks/learninglandscapes ¯ East Delta Park Community Orchard Tree Walk Tree # Common Name Scientifi c Name Tree # Common Name Scientifi c Name Juglans ailantifolia Eleagnus 1 heartnut cordiformis 21 Red Gem goumi multifl ora Franquette Juglans regia 'Red Gem' 2 English walnut 'Franquette' Eleagnus 22 Sweet Scarlet goumi multifl ora Manregion Juglans regia 3 'Sweet Scarlet' English walnut 'Manregion' Aurora Pyrus communis Italian Prunus x 23 4 European pear 'Aurora' European plum domestica 'Italian' Malus domestica Prunus x 24 Williams Pride apple 'Williams Pride' Imperial Epineuse domestica 5 Montmorency pie Prunus cerasus European plum 'Imperial 25 Epineuse' cherry 'Montmorency' Malus domestica Prunus avium Amere de Berthcourt 26 Lapins cherry 6 'Amere de 'Lapins' apple Berthcourt' 27 common fi g Ficus carica Prunus x Bavay's Gage 28 chestnut Castanea spp. 7 domestica European plum Asimina triloba 'Bavay's Gage' 29 Prolifi c paw paw 'Prolifi c' Yellow cornelian Cornus mas 8 Lang jujube or Ziziphus jujuba cherry dogwood 'Yellow' 30 Chinese date 'Lang' Malus domestica Ficus carica 9 Spartan apple 31 Italian honey fi g 'Spartan' 'Lattarula' Meader American Diospyros x Sorbopyrus 10 32 Baby shipova persimmon virginiana 'Meader' auricularis 'Baby' Prunus dulcis Prunus x 11 Prima sweet almond Early Laxton 'Prima' 33 domestica European plum Yamhill European Corylus avellana 'Early Laxton' 12 hazel or fi lbert 'Yamhill' 34 Korean pine Pinus koraiensis Elegant cornelian Cornus mas Rescue Pyrus communis 13 35 cherry dogwood 'Elegant' European pear 'Rescue' Malus domestica Aurora Pyrus communis 14 Hidden Rose apple 36 'Hidden Rose' European pear 'Aurora' Prunus avium 15 Rainier cherry Compact Stella Prunus avium 'Rainier' 37 cherry 'Compact Stella' Nikita's Gift Diospyros x 16 Ficus carica Asian persimmon 'Nikita's Gift' 38 Stella fi g 'Stella' Prunus dulcis 17 Oracle sweet almond Prunus persica 'Oracle' 39 Kreibich nectarine 'Kreibich' Santiam European Corylus avellana 18 hazel or fi lbert 'Santiam' 40 Japanese raisin tree Hovenia dulcis Asimina triloba Asimina triloba 19 Sunfl ower paw paw 41 Davis paw paw 'Sunfl ower' 'Davis' Li jujube or Illinois Everbearing Morus spp. 'Illinois 20 Ziziphus jujuba 'Li' 42 Chinese date mulberry Everbearing' Portland Parks & Recreation 1 Tree # Common Name Scientifi c Name Blossoms appear simultaneously with the budding of leaves. Dark-green leaves are ovate with serrate edges, Prunus avium 43 North Star cherry are slightly hairy underneath, and alternately arranged 'North Star' along branches. Fruit of Amere de Berthcourt has x Sorbopyrus 44 Dwarf shipova greenish-yellow skin with a pink blush and white fl esh. auricularis 'Dwarf' Apple scab disease is prevalent unless sprayed, and is Cydonia oblonga 45 Smyrna quince diagnosed by black spots on the fruits and foliage. This 'Smyrna' variety requires another nearby for cross-pollination. 46 Italian stone pine Pinus pinea Pyrus pyrifolia Aurora European pear, Pyrus communis ‘Aurora’ 47 Shinseiki Asian pear 'Shinseiki' Origin: Europe - a cultivar of a species native to Europe Large Korean Pyrus pyrifolia 48 Asian pear 'Large Korean' Known as the European Pyrus pyrifolia Pear or common pear, Pyrus 49 Shin Li Asian pear 'Shin Li' communis is the species from which most orchard pear Bartlett Pyrus communis 50 European pear 'Bartlett' cultivars are grown in Europe, North America and Australia. Prunus persica 51 Q1-8 white peach is thought to 'Q1-8' P. communis be descended from two 52 Japanese raisin tree Hovenia dulcis subspecies of wild pears, and Asimina triloba 53 Mango paw paw was harvested in the wild long 'Mango' before domestication. This deciduous tree grows to 15’ Mespilus tall with a wide canopy spread, and bears fruit 3 years 54 Breda Giant medlar germanica 'Breda after planting. Simple, entire leaves to 3" in length Giant' and 1 ½" wide. When mature, leaves are dark green, glossy, and pointed at the tip, turning a vibrant deep Tree Facts, A to Z purple in autumn. Fragrant pinkish-white fl owers with gold centers and purple anthers grow in clusters of up Amere de Berthcourt apple, to fi ve. The characteristic pear-shaped fruit is bright Malus domestica ‘Amere de Berthcourt’ yellow when ripe, distinguishing it from other varieties. It is best picked when still fi rm and bletted (ripened off Origin: Asia - a cultivar of an ancient hybrid species the tree). This variety requires another European pear The most common apple for cross-pollination. commercially grown throughout North Baby shipova, x Sorbopyrus auricularis ‘Baby’ America, Malus domestica Origin: Europe - Alsace, France was introduced into the United States by European The Shipova is a hybrid between the European colonists, and now exists as pear (Pyrus communis) and the common whitebeam some 7,500 cultivars. Amere (Sorbus aria), fi rst arising in France before 1619. This de Berthcourt is a French hybridization produces fruit that tastes similar to an variety cultivated for its taste Asian pear, but rarely produces any viable seeds making and ability to make sweet propagation by grafting the only form of reproduction or alcoholic cider, and is for the shipova. Baby is a small cultivar reaching only popular in many European cider orchards. The trees 8’ in height and bearing fruit 2-3 years after planting. reach up to 12’ with a spreading canopy bearing fruit The deciduous leaves are alternate, simple and ovate, three years after planting. Flowers reach 1 ½ inches growing to 3" long and 2" wide. Flowers are similar across, are white and mildly fragrant with fi ve petals. to other fl owers within the Rosaceae family, with fi ve 2 Learning Landscapes – East Delta Park Community Orchard Tree Walk petals and white in color. The fruit is a pome with yellowish-green, with golden fl esh. Fruits are round yellow-orange skin color and a pear shape. This is or ovate in shape, with a shallow groove running a very early-bearing, self-fertile cultivar, producing down one side and remain on the tree for weeks after abundant fruit without another cultivar nearby. fruit has ripened. Prunus x domestica is occasionally bothered by bacterial canker, the symptoms of Bartlett European pear, Pyrus communis ‘Bartlett’ which include exudations of amber-colored sap from damaged trunks or branches. This cultivar is partially Origin: Europe - a cultivar of a species native to Europe self-fertile, producing best when planted with another The European pear is the species from which most variety for cross-pollination.