KAMATI YA UANGALIZI WA UCHAGUZI TANZANIA TEMCO RIPOTI YA WATAZAMAJI WA UCHAGUZI MKUU WA TANZANIA, 2015 MAY 2016 YALIYOMO YALIYOMO .......................................................................................................... I ORODHA YA MAJEDWALI .............................................................................. VI ORODHA YA VIELELEZO ............................................................................. VIII ORODHA YA VIAMBATANISHO ...................................................................... IX VIFUPISHO ......................................................................................................... X CHAPTER 1 MFUMO WA TEMCO WA UTAZAMAJI WA UCHAGUZI ............... 1 1.1 Usuli na Muktadha ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Dira na Malengo ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Upeo katika Utazamaji wa Chaguzi .................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Faida Zitokanazo na Utazamaji wa Chaguzi na Vigezo vyaTathmini .............................................. 4 1.5 Mfumo wa Utazamaji wa Uchaguzi Mkuu ....................................................................................... 5 1.6 Mpango wa Mgawanyo wa Vituo na Waangalizi ............................................................................. 9 1.7 Ripoti za Awali kuhusu Michakato ya Chaguzi .............................................................................. 10 1.8 Mbinu za Ukusanyaji wa Taarifa kuhusu Mwenendo wa Uchaguzi ............................................... 12 1.8.1 Utazamaji wa Kina katika Maeneo ya Uchaguzi ......................................................................... 12 1.8.2 Mahojiano .................................................................................................................................... 12 1.8.3 Mapitio na Marejeo ya Nyaraka Muhimu .................................................................................... 12 1.8.4 Matumizi ya TEHAMA ............................................................................................................... 13 1.8.5 Mitando ya Ushikiano na Mahusiano .......................................................................................... 16 1.9 Vigezo katika Kutathmini Chaguzi ................................................................................................. 18 1.10 Mtiririko na Maudhui ya Ripoti .................................................................................................... 19 1.11 Shukrani ........................................................................................................................................ 21 CHAPTER 2 MAZINGIRA YA KISIASA KUELEKEA UCHAGUZI MKUU ......... 2 4 2.1 Utangulizi ........................................................................................................................................ 24 2.2 Serikali ya Umoja wa Kitaifa na Siasa za Uchaguzi Zanzibar ........................................................ 24 2.3 Utendaji wa Serikali ya Awamu ya Nne (2005-2015) .................................................................... 26 2.4 Chaguzi Ndogo na Chaguzi Ngazi Msingi 2014............................................................................. 31 2.5 Mchakato wa Katiba Mpya ............................................................................................................. 32 2.6 Migogoro na Makundi ya Ndani ya Vyama vya Siasa ................................................................... 36 2.7 Hali ya Uhodhi wa Chama Tawala Kuelekea Uchaguzi Mkuu wa 2025 ........................................ 42 2.8 Hitimisho......................................................................................................................................... 42 CHAPTER 3 MIFUMO YA KISHERIA NA KITAASISI KWA UCHAGUZI WA MWAKA 2015 ..................................................................................................... 44 3.1 Utangulizi ........................................................................................................................................ 44 3.2 Mifumo ya Kisheria kwa Uchaguzi wa Mwaka 2015 ..................................................................... 44 3.2.1 Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ............................................................................ 44 3.2.2 Sheria ya Taifa ya Uchaguzi ........................................................................................................ 45 3.2.3 Sheria ya Uchaguzi wa Serikali za Mitaa .................................................................................... 45 3.2.4 Sheria ya Gharama za Uchaguzi .................................................................................................. 46 3.2.5 Sheria ya Vyama vya Siasa .......................................................................................................... 46 3.2.6 Katiba ya Zanzibar ....................................................................................................................... 46 3.2.7 Athari za Mfumo wa Kisheria katika Uchaguzi wa Mwaka 2015 ............................................... 48 3.3 Vyombo vya Kusimamia Uchaguzi ................................................................................................ 49 3.3.1 Tume ya Taifa ya Uchaguzi ......................................................................................................... 49 3.3.2 Tume ya Uchaguzi ya Zanzibar ................................................................................................... 53 3.4 Uhuru wa Tume ya Taifa ya Uchaguzi na Tume ya Uchaguzi ya Zanzibar ................................... 55 3.5 Uhusiano kati ya Tume ya Taifa ya Uchaguzi na Tume ya Uchaguzi ya Zanzibar ........................ 55 i 3.6 Uwekaji wa Mipaka ya Majimbo ya Uchaguzi ............................................................................... 56 3.7 Kulinda Kura na Shauri la “Mita 200” ............................................................................................ 57 3.8 Hitimisho na Mapendekezo ............................................................................................................ 58 3.8.1 Hitimisho...................................................................................................................................... 58 3.8.2 Mapendekezo ............................................................................................................................... 58 CHAPTER 4 UANDIKISHAJI WA WAPIGAKURA ............................................. 60 4.1 Utangulizi ........................................................................................................................................ 60 4.2 Uhalali wa Kuanzishwa kwa Teknolojia ya BVR........................................................................... 60 4.3 Mifumo ya Kitaasisi na Kisheria iliyoongoza Uandikishaji wa Wapigakura ................................. 62 4.4 Menejimenti ya Mchakato wa BVR ................................................................................................ 63 4.4.1 Rasilimali Watu ........................................................................................................................... 63 4.4.2 Utoshelevu wa Fedha, Vituo vya Uandikishaji na Vifaa vya BVR ............................................. 66 4.5 Elimu ya Mpigakura Wakati wa Uandikishaji ................................................................................ 72 4.6 Ukiukwaji wa Taratibu, Changamoto na Hatua Zilizochukuliwa ................................................... 73 4.6.1 Uandikishaji wa Wahamiaji Haramu na Wageni ......................................................................... 73 4.6.2 Utambuzi wa Alama za Vidole .................................................................................................... 74 4.6.3 Misururu Mirefu katika Vituo vya Kuandikisha Wapigakura ..................................................... 75 4.6.4 Malipo Haba kwa Waandikishaji wa Wapigakura ....................................................................... 75 4.6.5 Uwezo Mdogo wa Waandishi ...................................................................................................... 76 4.7 Makadirio na Idadi Halisi ya Walioandikishwa Kupiga Kura ........................................................ 76 4.8 Tathmini ya Jumla ya Zoezi la Uandikishaji Wapigakura .............................................................. 77 4.9 Hitimisho na Mapendekezo ............................................................................................................ 78 4.9.1 Hitimisho...................................................................................................................................... 78 4.9.2 Mapendekezo ............................................................................................................................... 79 CHAPTER 5 UTEUZI WA WAGOMBEA ............................................................. 80 5.1 Utangulizi ........................................................................................................................................ 80 5.2 Muktadha wa Kisheria na Utaratibu wa Vyama kufanya Uteuzi .................................................... 80 5.3 Uteuzi Ndani