NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION Sheep breeding technology Training materials of project IMPROFARM - Improvement of Production and Management Processes in Agriculture Through Transfer of Innovations, Leonardo da Vinci Transfer of Innovations programme, number 2011-1-PL1-LEO05-19878 www.improfarm.pl This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Content 1. Animal physiology ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Naming of particular groups of sheep ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11 1.1 General bio-breeding characteristics of the sheep .................................................................................................................................................. 11 2. Types of utility ............................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Woolly sheep .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Sheep meat type .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.3 Sheep milk type ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.4 Sheep sheepskin type ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 2.5 Sheep usefulness of bilateral .................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 2.6 A versatile utility Sheep .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 3. Typical race ................................................................................................................................................................... 16 3.1 Merino ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 3.2 Polish lowland sheep .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 17 3.3 Wielkopolska sheep ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.4 Anglomeryno sheep ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18 3.5 Lowicz sheep ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.6 Zelaznienskia sheep ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 3.7 Uhruska sheep ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 3.8 Polish long-haired sheep ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 21 3.9 Pomeranian sheep .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 21 3.10 Kamieniecka sheep ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22 3.11 Polish mountain sheep........................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 3.12 East-Friesian sheep ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26 3.13 Alpine White Sheep ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 27 3.14 Bergschaf sheep ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 3.15 Wrzosówka sheep .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 30 3.16 Olkuska sheep ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 3.17 Coloured Sheep Mountain ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 35 3.18 Cakiel podhalański sheep ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 36 3.19 Ile de France ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 3.20 Blackface sheep ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 3.21 Suffolk sheep .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 3.22 Berrichonne sheep ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 40 4. Sheep crossing ............................................................................................................................................................... 42 5. Products sheep and their economic importance with special emphasis Małopolskie ................................................ 45 6. Breeding technology ...................................................................................................................................................... 51 6.1 Thermal conditions ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 53 6.2 Humidity and air movement ................................................................................................................................................................................... 55 6.3 Adjusting the microclimate fold .............................................................................................................................................................................. 57 6.4 Lighting .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 61 6.5 Other factors microclimatic .................................................................................................................................................................................... 62 6.6 Stable for the rearing of sheep ............................................................................................................................................................................... 65 6.7 Electrical installation and lighting ..........................................................................................................................................................................