Agenda Item 6 EAST AYRSHIRE COMMUNITY PLANNING PARTNERSHIP BOARD SPECIAL MEETING– 17 NOVEMBER 2016 SCOTTISH INDEX OF MULTIPLE DEPRIVATION (SIMD) 2016 Report by the Depute Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officer (Economy and Skills), East Ayrshire Council PURPOSE OF REPORT 1. To present to the Community Planning Partnership (CPP) Board the high-level results of the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) 2016 published by Scotland’s Chief Statistician on 30 August 2016. BACKGROUND 2. The SIMD is the Scottish Government’s official tool for identifying small area concentrations of multiple deprivation across Scotland. 3. The SIMD ranks small areas (datazones) from most deprived (ranked 1) to least deprived (ranked 6,976). Use of the SIMD will often focus on the datazones below a certain rank, for example, the 5%, 10%, 15% or 20% most deprived datazones in Scotland. 4. The Scottish Government has used this method to track multiple deprivation since the first Index of Multiple Deprivation in 2004 and, taken together, the five indices (2004, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2016) provide a series of snapshots in time of the concentration of multiple deprivation across the country. 5. The information is relevant for the targeting of policies and resources aimed at tackling areas where there is a concentration of multiple deprivation. HOW SIMD IS CONSTRUCTED 6. SIMD 2016 is built up as follows: Scotland is split into 6,976 datazones, with roughly standard populations of 500 to 1,000 household residents. There are 38 indicators of deprivation, which are grouped into seven different domains. Indicators are used to measure the different characteristics of deprivation in each datazone, including pupil performance, travel times to the GP, crime, and unemployment, among many others. The seven domains are then combined to form the overall SIMD, ranking each datazone in Scotland from 1 (most deprived) to 6,976 (least deprived). 7. The SIMD 2016 Methodology is provided at Appendix 1. GUIDANCE ON USING SIMD DATA 8. SIMD data can be used for: comparing overall deprivation of small areas; comparing the seven domains of deprivation; comparing the proportion of small areas in a council area that are very deprived; identifying areas where many people experience multiple deprivation; and identifying areas of greater need for support and intervention. 9. SIMD data should not be used for: presenting how much more deprived one area is from another – the difference between two ranks can be tiny or large; comparing ranks over time – changes are relative and may not reflect actual changes in the neighbourhood; comparing with other UK countries – each country measures deprivation slightly differently; identifying all people who are deprived in Scotland – not everyone who is deprived lives in a deprived area; and finding affluent areas – lack of deprivation is not the same as being rich. 10. In interpreting the results of the SIMD, it is important to note the following points: As the SIMD is a relative measure, if one datazone moves out of the most deprived 0- 15%, another datazone will move in. The SIMD measures deprivation and not affluence, and all it can say about the areas ranked closer to 6,976 is that they are less deprived. If a local authority has no datazones in the 0-15% most deprived this does not mean that there is no deprivation, only that there are no concentrations of multiple deprivation. Changes have been made to the methodology between versions of the SIMD; therefore care is required when comparisons are made over time. CHANGES TO SIMD METHODOLOGY SINCE 2012 Datazone Changes 11. SIMD 2016 is calculated on the 2011 datazone boundaries. These datazones are based on the 2011 Census and were introduced in November 2014. 2011 datazone boundaries differ from the 2001 datazones which were used for previous SIMD editions. Therefore, direct comparison of indicators before 2016 and previous years is not possible. 12. The number of datazones across Scotland in SIMD 2016 has increased to 6,976, compared to the 6,505 datazones identified in SIMD 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2012. 13. The number of datazones in East Ayrshire in SIMD 2016 has increased to 163, compared to 154 in the previous SIMDs. Indicator Changes 14. For SIMD 2016, changes have been kept to a minimum to ensure consistency with the previous SIMD 2012 publication, although not all elements are directly comparable. The indicators included in each domain have been updated to include the latest data available at the time of release. There has, however, been the need to make some minor changes to the indicators included in SIMD 2016 to reflect the introduction of Universal Credit, changes to the school examination system, and improvements in data quality. The main changes made within each domain are summarised at Appendix 2. SIMD 2016: SUMMARY OF EAST AYRSHIRE RESULTS 15. The following information provides a summary of the key findings from the SIMD 2016 results: National Share 16. The national share is calculated by dividing the number of deprived datazones in the area by all of the deprived datazones across Scotland. Thirty six (3.4%) of the 1,046 datazones in the 15% most deprived in Scotland are found in East Ayrshire. East Ayrshire national share of the 0-15% most deprived in Scotland 4.0% 3.3% 3.4% 2.9% 2.9% 2.8% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% 2004 2006 2009 2012 2016 17. For SIMD 2016, ten (2.9%) of the 349 datazones in the 5% most deprived in Scotland are found in East Ayrshire. East Ayrshire national share of the 0-5% most deprived in Scotland 3.7% 4.0% 3.1% 2.9% 2.5% 3.0% 2.2% 2.0% 1.0% 0.0% 2004 2006 2009 2012 2016 Local Share 18. The local share is used to compare areas and is calculated by dividing the number of deprived datazones in the area by all datazones in the area. 19. Readily available information provided by the Scottish Government reflects that East Ayrshire has 33% of the local share of the most deprived 20% datazones and 25% of the most deprived 21-40%, and is identified as the sixth most deprived across all local authorities in Scotland, behind Glasgow City (48% and 17%), Inverclyde (44% and 13%), West Dunbartonshire (40% and 26%), North Ayrshire (38% and 23%) and Dundee City (37% and 21%). 20. The most deprived datazone in the overall SIMD 2016 in East Ayrshire is Kilmarnock North (S01008006) with a rank of 29. The most deprived datazone in SIMD 2012 was Kilmarnock South (S01001324) with a rank of 28. 21. The following communities have datazones which are in the 0-15% most deprived: 0-15% Most Deprived Datazones Settlement Number of datazones Kilmarnock North 9 Kilmarnock South 6 Patna 2 Kilmarnock Central 2 Bellsbank 2 Auchinleck 2 Galston 2 Logan 1 Lugar and Logan 1 New Cumnock 2 Catrine 1 Muirkirk 1 Drongan 1 Newmilns 1 Cumnock 1 Hurlford 1 Rankinston and Sinclairston Rural 1 22. Appendix 3 highlights the datazones which are included in the most deprived 0-15% in the SIMD 2016. 23. The table below reflects the total number of datazones (national share percentage shown in brackets) and local share in italics in the 0-15% most deprived for the overall SIMD and each of the domains in 2004, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2016: Overall Year Income Employment Health Education Housing Access Crime SIMD Index 28 27 25 29 28 16 (2.9%) (2.8%) (2.6%) (3.0%) (2.9%) (1.6%) 2004 18.2% 17.5% 16.2% 18.8% 18.2% 0 10.4% N/A 28 31 31 31 27 23 23 (2.9%) (3.2%) (3.2%) (3.2%) (2.8%) (2.4%) (2.4% 2006 18.2% 20.1% 20.1% 20.1% 17.5% 0 14.9% 14.9% 27 29 29 39 30 19 22 (2.8%) (3.0%) (3.0%) (4.0%) (3.1%) (1.9%) (2.3%) 2009 17.5% 18.8% 18.8% 25.3% 19.5% 0 12.3% 14.3% 32 35 31 45 29 18 22 (3.3%) (3.6%) (3.2%) (4.6%) (3.0%) (1.8%) (2.3%) 2012 20.8% 22.7% 20.1% 29.2% 18.8% 0 11.7% 14.3% 36 35 38 39 30 3 26 24 (3.4%) (3.3%) (3.6%) (3.7%) (2.9%) (0.3%) (2.5%) (2.3%) 2016 22.1% 21.5% 23.3% 23.9% 18.4% 1.8% 16.0% 14.7% NB: The total number of datazones in East Ayrshire increased to 163 in SIMD 2016, compared to 154 datazones in previous editions of the SIMD. Relative to other local authorities, it is evident that: the percentage share of datazones in the 0-15% most deprived in terms of the overall SIMD index domain has increased between 2012 and 2016; the biggest concentration of datazones in the 0-15% most employment deprived is seen in Kilmarnock; there is a noticeable decrease in the national and local share percentage of datazones reported to be in the 0-15% most deprived with regard to health. In relative terms, almost a quarter (23.9%) of the datazones in East Ayrshire are among Scotland’s 0- 15% most health deprived; there has been a slight decrease in the national and local share percentage of datazones in the 0-15% most deprived in terms of the Education Domain between 2012 and 2016; for the first time there are 3 datazones in the 0-15% most deprived in terms of the SIMD 2016 Housing Domain; there has been an increase in the national and local percentage share of datazones in the 0-15% most deprived in terms of the Access Domain; and the national share percentage of in the most deprived 0-15% in terms of crime remain consistent at 2.3%; although a percentage increase is reflected in the local percentage share.