Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS lecture Art Pavilions in Public Parks SERPENTINE GALLERY ART PAVILIONS, LONDON, 2000-12 [email protected] Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) keyword: ART PAVILIONS IN PUBLIC PARKS 1811-17: Dulwich Picture Gallery, London (Sir John Soane) 1897-98: Secession Building, Vienna (Joseph Maria Olbrich) 1908-09: Jakopič Pavilion, Ljubljana (Maks Fabiani) 1895-1995: Bienalle National Pavilions, Venice 2000-12: Serpentine Gallery Pavilions, London 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013: Trimo Urban Crash Competition, Ljubljana Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://dulwichgalleryfriends.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/quiz-plan-soane.jpg https://museuminsider.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/dulwich-picture-gallery.jpg London, 1811-17: John Soane: first public art gallery; symmetrical ground floor plan; Dulwich Picture Gallery façade without windows; ground floor plan the sky lights illuminate the paintings indirectly; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Latham, I., (1980): Joseph Maria Olbrich. Academy Editions, London: str 25. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Secession_Vienna_June_2006_017.jpg Vienna, 1897-98: Joseph Maria Olbrich: public art gallery for Secession artists; symmetrical ground floor plan; Secession Building pure geometric forms; ground floor plan linear façade ornament; gold and white; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Kos, J., (1993): Umetniški paviljon Riharda Jakopiča. V: Rihard Jakopič: To sem jaz, umetnik..., Plestenjak, B., (2003): Vsi Jakopičevi ateljeji. V: Art.si, jun 03: str.: 12. Knjižnica Narodne galerije, Ljubljana, str.: 94. Ljubljana, 1908-09: Maks Fabiani: first public art gallery in Ljubljana (now destroyed); façade without windows; Jakopič Pavilion the sky lights illuminate the paintings indirectly; study of the entrance façade linear façade ornament; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Kurent, T., Marinko, J., (1985): Prostorske proporcije v Fabianijevi ljubljanski arhitekturi. Kos, J., (1993): Umetniški paviljon Riharda Jakopiča. V: Rihard Jakopič: To sem jaz, umetnik..., V: Zbornik ljubljanske šole za arhitekturo Knjižnica Narodne galerije, Ljubljana, str.: 98. Ljubljana, 1908-09: Maks Fabiani: symmetrical ground floor plan; pure geometric forms; Jakopič Pavilion ground floor plan, entrance façade, cross section, plan Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://www.artinfo.com/media/image/24458/giardini_map.gif foto: L.S. Venice 1895-1995: Venice, 1955-56: Alvar Aalto: Giardini: National Pavilions Finland Pavilion plan prefabricated wood from Finnland; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) foto: L.S. foto: L.S. Venice, 1962: Sverre Fehn: Sverre Fehn: Nordic Pavilion Nordic Pavilion concrete; concrete; trees; trees; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) keyword: SERPENTINE GALLERY 1934: Tea Pavilion near Serpentine Lake, Kensington Gardens - (Hyde Park) London 1970: Serpentine Pavilion Gallery, notable international modern and contemporary artists: Henry Moore, Andy Warhol, Damien Hirst, Jeff Koons, … 2000: First Temporary Summer Art Pavilion Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) SERPENITE SUMMER ART PAVILIONS architecture and structure: 2000 - 2011 Temporary structures that are erected next to the Gallery itself for a three-month period; a maximum of six months from invitation to the architect to finnish the construction. Zaha Hadid 2000, Daniel Libeskind 2001, Toyo Ito 2002, Oscar Niemeyer 2003, MVRDV 2004*, Álvaro Siza and Eduardo Souto de Moura 2005, Rem Koolhaas 2006, Frei Otto 2007*, Olafur Eliasson and Kjetil Thorsen 2007, Frank Gehry 2008, Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa / SANAA 2009, Jean Nouvel 2010, Peter Zumthor 2011, … … and biro Arup: Cecil Balmond Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://www.serpentinegallery.org/Aerial-365.jpg http://www.serpentinegallery.org/NorthFace.jpg the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion commission architectural idea: is an ongoing programme of temporary structures similar to other works of choosen architect ; by internationally acclaimed architects and designers. functuion of architecture: The series is unique worldwide and presents the work of exhibitions, lectures, film screenings, talks, the BBC proms and café; an international architect or design team who has not completed no doors and no windows, ..; a building in England at the time of the Gallery’s invitation. up to 250,000 visitors each summer Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Eliasson, O., Thorsen, K., 2007: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2007. Serpentine Gallery in Lars Müller http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/hadid.jpg Publishers, London in Baden, str.: 8 London, 2000: Zaha Hadid: the 30th anniversary of the gallery temporary summer pavilion; structure made with steel columns; Serpentine Pavilion 2000 textile fabric; architectural idea: tent triangular surface Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://zahahadid.vm.bytemark.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/serpentine_hb_7.JPG http://zahahadid.vm.bytemark.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/serpentine_hb_4.JPG Zaha Hadid: Zaha Hadid, 2000: Serpentine Pavilion 2000 straight forms, but interweaved; the illusion of solidity; ground floor 25×25 m; different interior space 600 m2 - seats for 400 visitors; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Eliasson, O., Thorsen, K., 2007: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2007. Serpentine Gallery in Lars Müller http://www.cork2005.ie/programme/strands/architecture/images/EighteenTurns2.jpg Publishers, London in Baden, str.: 8 London, 2001: Daniel Libeskind and Arup: flexible and dynamic form; structure as 18th surfaces - origami; Serpentine Pavilion 2001 architectural idea: origami - “Eighteen Turns” Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://images.businessweek.com/ss/07/02/0207_balmond/image/24.jpg http://www.arcspace.com/kk_ann/2001_11/12.Libeskind.jpg Daniel Libeskind and Arup: construction dates: 21.5.2001 – wooden floors, Serpentine Pavilion 2001 4.6.2001 – aluminum panels, model of 18th turns; 9.6.2001 – build pavilion; length 35 m, width 18 m, high 7 m; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://www.linternaute.com/savoir/magazine/photo/les-pavillons-de-la-serpentine-gallery/image/8- http://static.guim.co.uk/Guardian/arts/gallery/2008/mar/26/architecture.art/PD1515843@The-new- pavillon-2001-savoir-magazine-252462.jpg temporary-Lib-3064.jpg Daniel Libeskind and Arup: explicit un-orthogonal form; architecture = structure; Serpentine Pavilion 2001 re-built in Cork, Ireland structure made of ribbed Aluminum elements; 1 mm thin Aluminum surface; Al from Norway Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Eliasson, O., Thorsen, K., 2007: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2007. Serpentine Gallery in Lars Müller http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/toyoito.jpg Publishers, London in Baden, str.: 9 London, 2002: Toyo Ito and Arup: three-dimensional façade without columns; geometry of the façade: algorithm of spin of square; Serpentine Pavilion 2002 openings empty - full; architectural idea: structure without columns Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Eliasson, O., Thorsen, K., 2007: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2007. Serpentine Gallery in Lars Müller http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/toyoito.jpg Publishers, London in Baden, str.: 9 Toyo Ito and Arup: diagonal columns and roof beams 5-10 tons; ply-wood floor; Serpentine Pavilion 2002 made in factory and composed in building site; typology of a box, high = 5.3 m; joints: screw and weld construction; walls 20 m × 4.5 m; 4 entrances; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) Eliasson, O., Thorsen, K., 2007: Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 2007. Serpentine Gallery in Lars Müller http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/toyoito.jpg Publishers, London in Baden, str.: 9 Toyo Ito and Arup: profile: 12-50 mm, high 55 cm; 380 plates made by Al and glass; Serpentine Pavilion 2002 painted in white, steel structure: 3D wall; protection from overheated: ventilation Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://www.serpentinegallery.org/High%20res%20Pavilion%20frontage.jpg http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/niemeyer2.jpg London, 2003: Oscar Niemeyer: differently, emptiness cantilever platform; Serpentine Pavilion 2003 tent roof; architectural idea: tent and cantilever Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://artnews.org/files/0000013000/0000012925.jpg http://static.guim.co.uk/Guardian/arts/gallery/2008/mar/26/architecture.art/NEWCNV00013-2496.jpg Oscar Niemeyer: structure made by concrete and steel; beauty instead structure logic; Serpentine Pavilion 2003 white structure – red accent – yellow furniture; float pavilion: 1 m above the grass; small building, small interior; Structural Systems Serpentine Gallery Art Pavilions (2000-12) http://www.arcspace.com/architects/Niemeyer/serpentine_gallery/Neimeier-Photo-3.jpg http://www.serpentinegallery.org/images/niemeyer2.jpg Oscar Niemeyer: window – enlargement of the interior space; sensual and sculptural; Serpentine Pavilion 2003 straight lines separates architecture from nature. idea of Niemeyer‘s architectural opus: use of concrete, some foundations and supports, and bearers