UNESCO Publishing United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France • www.unesco.org/publishing E-mail: [email protected] Ocean Sustainability in the 21st Century n The world’s oceans are an essential source of food and other resources, as well as providing an important means of transportation, trade and recreation. n Describing the emerging and unresolved issues related to the oceans and the marine environment, this book presents the developments made in marine science and policy since the implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and implications for the sustainable management of ocean areas and resources. n This comprehensive volume also provides a number of scientific, policy, and legal tools to address such issues, and to ensure better science-based management of the oceans. Topics covered include the impacts of human- induced climate change on the oceans, the marine genetic resources debate, the current legal framework for the oceans, and a comparative study of the legal issues associated with outer space. n € 69.00, 2015, 320 pages, Including practical examples and worldwide case Hardcover, colour photos and graphics studies, this book is a valuable resource for policy-makers, 17,4 x 24,7 cm students and academics, in marine science and policy, UNESCO ISBN 978-92-3-100055-8 ocean affairs, and the law of the sea. To order, please contact DL Services – C/O Michot Chaussée de Mons 77 Bergense steenweg, B 1600 Sint Pieters Leeuw, Belgium Tel.: (+ 32) 477 455 329 E-mail: [email protected] Postage by ordinary mail: Europe: € 5.50. Rest of the world: € 10.00 or www.unesco.org/publishing (Secure payment) WH 79 worldheritage_79_pub.indd 1 01/04/2016 15:50 WORLD HERITAGE No. 79 WHC cover 79_WHC 14/04/16 12:22 Page1 rom 1 to 10 September 2016, thousands of leaders and decision-makers from editorial government, civil society, indigenous peoples, business and academia will gather Ftogether in Honolulu (Hawaii) to share ideas on how to improve the ways we manage the natural environment for human, social and economic development. Held every four years, the IUCN World Conservation Congress (WCC) focuses on joint progress in ways to protect biodiversity, a crucial factor in addressing some of our PLANET AT THE CROSSROADS A CRITICAL TIME greatest challenges today, such as tackling climate change and achieving food security. FOR CONSERVATION Hawaii Volcanoes National Park One hundred years of sustainability World Heritage first became an important element of conservation and sustainability Vega Archipelago Tradition and innovation US$9 £6 ¥850 € 7,50 Papahanaumokuakea plans at the 2003 World Parks Congress in Durban (South Africa), and has been an Where nature and culture are one integral part of WCC congresses ever since. At the Congress in Hawaii, participants will No. 79 • April 2016 ISSN 1020-4202 be able to navigate the many Forum events through thematic ‘Journeys’. The Close-up 3 059630 101790 World Heritage in this issue describes events that will be part of the World Heritage Journey, and Cover: Two masked boobies enjoy an afternoon chat astride two threatened Hawaiian green turtles includes a list of additional events for the Nature–Culture Journey. at French Frigate Shoals. More than 95% of the green turtles in Hawaii nest and breed on and World Heritage sites not only provide models of excellence and best practice in around the tiny islets of French Frigate Shoals. Papahanaumokuakea, Hawaii (United States of America). management to be shared with others, but the stakeholders in World Heritage preservation also aim to achieve the highest standards in addressing key issues, including climate change, tourism management and sustainable development. At the same time, growing threats to the 1,000-plus World Heritage sites force us to work differently. This issue of World Heritage, reflecting this year’s WCC theme of Planet at the Crossroads, highlights progress made through synergies among the seven biodiversity-related Conventions, as well as collaborative work with site managers and national authorities, and enhanced links between natural and cultural heritage. In particular, we look at the ingenious sustainable tourism at Vegaøyan (Norway); applying economic valuation tools to natural World Heritage sites; and the WCC agenda – including a taste of the 1,500 events to be held over four days. We also cover conservation management at the two Hawaiian World Heritage sites, Papahānaumokuākea and Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, and interview Aroha Te Pareake Mead, Chair of IUCN’s Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy. The World Conservation Congress is not only a meeting place for many World Heritage site managers and national agencies, civil society and non-governmental organizations; it is a forum for exchange, networking and training on the latest conservation tools and technologies. We look forward to many fruitful exchanges and outcomes that will further help us to adapt and orient our efforts for effective conservation work amid a multitude of threats and challenges, in order to confront and overcome them as effectively as possible. Mechtild Rössler Director of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre Contents Quarterly magazine published jointly in English, French and Spanish, by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Paris, France and Publishing For Development Ltd., London, United Kingdom. Editorial Director Mechtild Rössler Director, UNESCO World Heritage Centre Managing Editor Vesna Vujicic-Lugassy In Focus Editors Planet at the Crossroads Helen Aprile, Gina Doubleday 4 Publisher Richard Forster In Focus 4 Today defines tomorrow: World Heritage as Production Editor Caroline Fort litmus test for action on agreements 4 IUCN is committed to harnessing the support Copy Editors needed to achieve excellence in World Heritage Caroline Lawrence (English), Brigitte Strauss conservation. The IUCN World Conservation (French), Luisa Futoransky (Spanish) Congress in Hawaii will provide the opportunity Editorial Board to take action together. ICCROM: Joseph King, ICOMOS: Regina Durighello, IUCN: Tim Badman, Célia Zwahlen; UNESCO Hawaii Volcanoes National Park World Heritage Centre: Nada Al Hassan, Feng Jing, 16 One hundred years of sustainability 12 Edmond Moukala, Mauro Rosi, Petya Totcharova, Isabelle Anatole Gabriel Vinson, Like many other national parks, visitation has UNESCO Publishing: Ian Denison increased, visitor and resource protection has become more challenging, and visitor use and Editorial Assistant enjoyment are more reliant on our partners than Barbara Blanchard before. Advertising Efrén Calatrava, Fernando Ortiz, Papahānaumokuākea Fadela Seddini, Peter Warren 23 Where nature and culture are one 18 Cover When Papahānaumokuākea was established in Photo: Mark Sullivan, NOAA Hawaii 2006, it became the first marine monument in Monk Seal Research Program the United States created expressly to protect Design: Recto Verso both natural and cultural heritage. Editorial Staff World Heritage Centre, UNESCO Sustainable tourism in the Vega 7, Place de Fontenoy, 75007 Paris Archipelago 26 Tel. (33.1) 45 68 16 60 – Fax (33.1) 45 68 55 70 An important target area for the Vega World E-mail: [email protected] 29 Heritage Foundation is a unique information and INTERNET: http://whc.unesco.org interpretation project for children and young Advertisements, production people, who are given the chance to experience PFD Publications Ltd Vega’s natural and cultural heritage in new ways. Chester House, Fulham Green 81-83 Fulham High Street, London SW6 3JA Tel: +44 2032 866610 - Fax:+44 2075 262173 Valuing the invaluable E-mail: [email protected] Applying economic valuation tools to natural World Heritage sites 32 Subscriptions DL Services sprl, Jean De Lannoy Estimating the total value of a World Heritage c/o Entrepôts Michot - Bergense steenweg 77 site is impossible, but it can be useful to assess B 1600 St Pieters Leeuw - Belgium and quantify the benefits it provides. This Tel: +32 477 455 329 requires a careful approach to ensure economic E-mail: [email protected] 36 information is balanced by non-monetary values. The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in the articles and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Published by Publishing for Development Ltd., London, United Kingdom. ISSN: 1020-4202. Printed in Spain © UNESCO – Publishing for Development Ltd. 2016 WORLD HERITAGE No. 79 Close-Up 40 What to expect at the 2016 IUCN World Conservation Congress The IUCN 2016 Congress, on the theme Planet at the Crossroads, will take place in Hawaii from 1 to 10 September 2016. Forum 46 53 Interview 48 Interview with Aroha Te Pareake Mead, Chair of the IUCN Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy. Advisory Bodies 52 ICOMOS: World Heritage cultural landscapes – conservation and sustainability challenges. 55 Conventions 54 IUCN: at the forefront of the conservation movement; Message from biodiversity- related conventions: