Index Page numbers in italics refer to Figures. Page numbers in bold refer to Tables. Abadeh Section (Iran) 74, 81, 83, 112 Annweiler Formation 397 Abadehceras 198 Anomalonema reumauxi–Peudestheria simoni assemblage Abichites 199 zone 370, 372–373 Abo Formation 73, 408, 409, 412, 425 Antarctica, palynostratigraphy 337 Abrahamskraal Formation 64, 78, 80, 418, 428 Anthracolithic System 25 radiometric dating 86 Anuites 193 Abrek Formation 295 Apache Dam Formation 409 acritarchs 322–323 Aquaw Creek (Colorado), magnetic polarity data 66 Admiral Formation 410 Arabia, palynostratigraphy 333, 333 Adrianites 194 Arabia Plate, fusuline biostratigraphy 255 A. elegans 195 Araksian Stage 40 Afghanistan Arasella 199 fusuline biostratigraphy 255, 260–261 Araxoceras spp. 196, 198 Agathiceras 187, 189 A. latissimum 198 Aidaralash CreekGSSP (Kazakstan)3, 28,29, 32, 53,67, 88,187,321,325 A. ventrosulcatum 198 Akiyoshi Terrane, fusuline biostratigraphy 270–271, 271 Archer City Formation 410, 411 Akmilleria 189 archosaurs 51 Aktastinian Substage 2, 33, 189 Argentina ammonoid assemblages 185 magnetic polarity data 64, 69, 72 Aktasty River Section 33 palynostratigraphy 330, 331, 331 Aktastynian Stage, ammonoid assemblages 185 tetrapods 387 Aktubinskia 189 Aricoceras 192 Aktyubinsk section 33 Aristoceras 187 Al Khlata Formation 336 Aristoceratoides 194 Alaska Region, fusuline biostratigraphy 255 Arizona, tetrapods 412–413 Albaillella cavitata interval zone 154, 157 Arnhardtia 39 Albaillella excelsa interval zone 155 Arrayo de Alamillo Formation 395, 409 Albaillella levis interval zone 155 Arroya del Agua Formation 408, 409, 425 Albaillella sinuata abindance zone 148–149 Arroya Formation 410 Albaillella triangularis interval zone 155, 157 Arroyo Vale Formation 411 Albaillella xiaodongensis assemblage zone 148 Artinskia spp. Albaillella yaoi abundance zone 155–156, 157 A. irinae 187, 189 Alibashites 199 A. kazakhstanica 187 Almites 187, 189 Artinskian Age, age calibration 52 Altudoceras 193, 196 Artinskian Stage 1, 2,33 Amana Formation 69 ammonoid assemblages 185 Amarassian Stage 40 ammonoid biostratigraphy 189–191, 191 ammonoid assemblages 185, 196 conodont biostratigraphy 120, 124, 126, 129, 130, 131 Amb Formation 309 first recognized 25 ammonoids 8–9, 30, 31,41–42 foraminiferal biostratigraphy 233 biostratigraphy fusuline chronostratigraphy 275 Cisuralian 187 fusuline genera 254 Artinskian 187–188 GSSP discussions 3, 33 Asselian 189–191 Perrinites zone 185 Kungurian 191–192 polarity data 63, 64, 66,68–69 Sakmarian 188–189 radiolaria zones 148 Guadalupian 192–193 rugose coral biostratigraphy Capitanian 195–197 Inner Mongolia–NE China and Japan 170 Roadina 193–194 South China and Indochina 166, 169 Wordian 194–195 87Sr/86Sr values 109, 113 Lopingian 197–198 volcanic ash beds 4 Changhsingian 199 Artioceras 189 Wuchiapingian 198 Artioceratoides 190 historical review 185, 187 Asitka Group 69 zones 186 Assel River Section 32 amniotes, diversification 51 Asselian Age, age calibration 52 amphibians Asselian Stage 1, 2, 32, 52–53 zonation 379, 415 ammonoid biostratigraphy 187–188, 188 see also tetrapods ammonoid assemblages 185 Amphisauropus 389, 389, 392, 393, 395 base first defined 28 Amushan Formation 294–295 conodont biozones 120, 122–128, 124, 126, 130 Anatsabites 194 first recognized 25 Andelosaurus 407 foraminiferal biostratigraphy 233 Anderssonoceras 198 fusuline chronostratigraphy 274, 275 Andrianovia 189 fusuline genera 254 Anfuceras 198 polarity data 63, 64, 65, 66,67–68 Angara radiolaria zones 147–148 Palaeokingdom 350, 355–356 rugose coral biostratigraphy palynostratigraphy 324, 327–329 Inner Mongolia–NE China and Japan 170 phytogeographic province 323–324, 324 South China and Indochina 166 Angjie Formation 304 87Sr/86Sr values 109, 113 Angrenoceras 197 volcanic ash beds 4 446 INDEX assemblage zones, role of 367 Russian Far East 294, 295–296 Assistance Formation 193, 194, 291 Palaeoequatorial Realm 299 astrochronology 57 China, South 296–298, 299 Atrasado Formation 380, 409 Iran, north 298–300, 299 Atsabites 190 Mediterranean 299, 300 Aulacogastrioceras 193 Texas, West 299, 300–301 Australia Transcaucasia 298–300, 299 brachiopod biostratigrapy, Southern Transitional Zone 302, 302 Eastern 306–308, 307 Baoshan Block 301–303, 302 Western 307, 308–309 Karakoram (Pakistan) 302, 305 first remanent magnetization study 61 Lhasa Block 302, 304 magnetic polarity data 76 Oman 302, 304–305 palynostratigraphy 334–335, 335, 337 Pamirs, SE 302, 305–306 tetrapods 387 Sibumasu Black 302, 303 Austria, tetrapods 387 South Qiangtang Block 302, 303–304 Autunia 39 Tengchong Block 301–303, 302 Autunia conferta Zone 350 Turkey 302, 304–305 Autunian Series 36,38–39 87Sr/86Sr values 109 Autunian Stage 350 Bransonoceras 190 Avushoceras 198 Branxton Formation 306 Brazil Baigendzhinian Stage 189 palynostratigraphy 330, 331 ammonoid assemblages 185 tetrapods 387, 406, 412, 415–416, 425, 427 Baigendzhinian Substage 2, 33, 190 Brevaxina dyhrenfurthi 38 Balfour Formation 84, 418 Broughton Formation 76, 307 Balic Formation 336 Buena Vista Formation 425 Bamyaniceras 190 Bulunites 188, 189 Baoqingian Substage 2,35 Bursum Formation 187, 379, 380, 408, 409, 412, 425 Baoshan Block Bursumian Substage 28, 39 brachiopod biostratigraphy 301–303, 302 foraminiferal biozonation 234 fusuline biostratigraphy 255, 264, 266 Burtsevian Substage 4, 34 Baraioceras 191 Byro Group 189, 190, 192 Batrachichnus 389, 389, 392, 393, 395 Bead Mountain Formation 410 Cache Creek Formation 195 Beaufort Group 57, 64, 78, 79, 80, 418, 427 Cache Creek Terrane, fusuline biostratigraphy 271, 272–273 Belcher Channel Formation 187 Callipteris–Comia–Iniopteris assemblage 356 Bell Canyon Formation 54, 301 Callipteris spp. Zone 351 Belle Plains Formation 410 Callytharra Formation 188, 302 Bellerophon Formation 300 Canada Berry Formation 307 brachiopod biostratigraphy, Western 290–291, 291 Biamiceras 192 fusuline biostratigraphy 255 Biarmian Series 73, 73–74, 423 tetrapods 387, 396 biochronological events 21, 405 see also North America and North American Craton biostratigraphic datums 21, 405 Cancellina 38 bivalve biostratigraphy 11, 15 Canfanggou Group 424 Blaine Formation 410, 412, 416, 417 Capitan Formation 34, 196 blattids 15 Capitanian Age, age calibration 52,54 Boesites 187, 188, 189 Capitanian Stage 2, 2, 27, 34, 36,39 Bolorian Stage 38, 38, 275, 276 ammonoid assemblages 185 fusuline genera 254 ammonoid biostratigraphy 195–197, 197 Boreal Realm, brachiopod biostratigraphy 290–293, 291 conodont biostratigraphy 120, 124, 126, 130, 133–134 Botrichiopsis Zone 354 foraminiferal biostratigraphy 234 Boyevaya Gora Section 75,81 fusuline chronostratigraphy 275 brachiopods fusuline genera 254 biostratigraphy 10, 41 GSSP 4, 54 diversity 289 magnetic polarity data 70, 76, 77, 90 life style 289 radiolaria zones 153–154 palaeobiogeography 289–290, 290 rugose coral biostratigraphy 169–170 Boreal Realm 291 87Sr/86Sr values 109, 111, 113, 114 Greenland 291–292, 291 Capitanian Substage, ammonoid assemblages 185 Siberian Plate 291, 292–293 carbon isotope stratigraphy 5–7 Spitsbergen 291–292, 291 carbon isotopic variation 165 Urals (Russia) 291, 293 Carboniferous–Permian boundary see Permo–Carboniferous Verkhoyansk Fold Belt 291, 292–293 Cardiella 187, 188, 189 Western Canada 290–291, 291 Carnic Alps, fusuline biostratigraphy 262, 263 Gondwanan Realm 306, 307 Carrandibby Formation 308 Australia, Western 307, 308–309 Casper Formation 72, 73 Australia, Eastern 306–308, 307 Castile Formation 39 Himalaya Tethys Zone 307, 309–310 Cathaysia India 307, 309–310 Palaeokingdom 350, 352–354 New Zealand 307, 308 palynostratigraphy 329 Pakistan, Salt Range 307, 309–310 phytogeographic province 323–324, 324 South America 307, 310 Cathaysiopteris whitei Zone 353 Northern Transitional Zone 294 Cathaysiopteris yochelsonii Zone 352 China 294–295, 294 Cathedral Mountain Formation 39, 192 Japan 294, 296 Cathedralian Substage 2, 39, 275 Mongolia, Inner 294–295, 294 first suggested 28 Mongolia, Southern 294, 295 foraminiferal biozonation 234 north Pamirs 296 Cedar Mesa Sandstone 412 INDEX 447 Central America, rugose coral biostratigraphy 174 Central America 174 Central Asian Ocean (CAO) 295, 296 Gondwana–Perigondwana 171–172 Cerro Carrizalito Formation 72 Inner Mongolia–NE China and Japan 170–171 Chainaha Formation 304 North America 174 Chambin Formation 195 South China and Indochina 166–169, 168 Chandalazian Regional Stage 196 Svalbard 173 Changhsing Formation 35, 297, 329 Ural Mountains 173 Changhsingian Age, age calibration 52 87Sr/86Sr values 113–114 Changhsingian Stage 2, 2, 35, 81 tetrapod chronology 407, 408–416, 423 ammonoid biostratigraphy 199 tetrapod tracks 387 conodont biostratigraphy 120, 124, 126, 130, 136–137 clam shrimps see conchostracans foraminiferal biostratigraphy 235 Clarkina fusuline chronostratigraphy 275 C. abadehensis 137 fusuline genera 254 C. asymmetrica Zone 135 GSSP 4 C. changxingensis Zone 35, 136 magnetic polarity data 70, 81, 83, 83 C. dukouensis Zone 135 radiolaria zones 155–156 C. giangyuanensis Zone 135 rugose coral biostratigraphy 170 C. hambastensis 136 87Sr/86Sr values 111, 112, 113 C. hongshuiensis 39 Changhsingoceras 194, 199 C. hongshuiensis Zone 134 charophytes 13 C. leveni Zone 135 Chekiangoceras 193 C. liangshanensis 135, 136 chemical abrasion thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-TIMS) C. longicispidata Zone 136 52, 55 C. meishanensis Zone 136–137 chemostratigraphy 43 C. nodosa 136 Cheremushka Section 75,78 C. orientalis Zone 135–136, 136 Cherry Canyon Formation 73 C. postbitteri Zone 4, 35, 55, 135 Chhidru