Borders Sovereignty Rights Edited by Marina Calloni Eileen Hunt Botting The Border Crossing Seminar BCS 1 Copyright © The Border Crossing Seminar Copyright © The Autors First Published in 2013 by Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca Piazza dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 1 20126 Milano - Italy All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purpose of criticism and review, no part of this pubblication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the permission of the publisher and editors. Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca and University of Notre Dame Publication: BCRC 1/2012 (online) Webpage: http://bordercrossingseminar.weebly.com ISBN 978-88-88381-23-7 Cover Photo: Valentina Anzoise, Borders between Romania and Ukraine, 2011 Layout: Edoardo Gonnella Contents 5 Preface by Marina Calloni 6 Introduction by Eileen Hunt Botting I. Global Democracy, Cross-Cultural Education and Development 11 Chapter 1. Marina Calloni, The Borders of Cosmopolitanism: the Case of Asylum Seekers 19 Chapter 2. Eileen Hunt Botting, A Modest Freedom: Women’s Human Right to Sport among Muslim Peoples 25 Chapter 3. Giovanna Borradori, The unrepresentable in others: the Arab spring 31 Chapter 4. Ida Castiglioni, Do multicultural Societies need an intercultural Perspective? The Case of the Internationalization of higher educational Institutions 43 Chapter 5. Stefano Marras, Crossing Borders with Street Food: Perspectives on Food Culture and Human Development II. Borders, Memories and the Nation 57 Chapter 6. John Agnew, Where is Sovereignty? 65 Chapter 7. Elena Dell’Agnese, Performing Diversity: Boundaries of the Past as Tourism Attraction for Today 73 Chapter 8. Lorenzo Bagnoli, Italian Far West – Rediscovering Boundaries and Memories 81 Chapter 9. Anna Casaglia, Nicosia, a divided City at the Edge of Europe 95 Chapter 10. Cristiano Mutti, Around the Boundary Lines of San Siro Neighborhood in Milano III. Frontiers and Human Mobility: the EU as a Space of Opportunity or a Fortress? 115 Chapter 11. Maurizio Albahari, Genealogies of the Military-Humanitarian Border 123 Chapter 12. Andrew Burridge, The Limits of Europe: Frontex and the Issue of Human Rights 137 Chapter 13. Tatjana Sekulic, Reconciliation through Justice as a border-crossing Practice 161 Chapter 14. Giorgia Serughetti, Mare Nostrum? Borders and Border Control in Mediterranean Islands and Enclaves STUDENTS’ CONTRIBUTIONS IV. Women’s Rights and Multiculturalism 175 Chapter 15. Lindsay Dun, Crossing Feminist Borders: My Research in Italy 181 Chapter 16. Caitlin Glimco, Crossing Literary Borders: John Stuart Mill and Anna Maria Mozzoni 187 Chapter 17. Alice Caramella, Territory and Identity: a Gender-Oriented Relationship 197 Chapter 18. Courtney Biscan, European Court of Justice Litigation Strategy and its Impact on Women’s Rights 209 Chapter 19. Marianna Nobile, Female Genital Mutilation: a New Challenge of Multiculturalism V. Cultures, Barriers, Violence 221 Chapter 20. Francesco Gori, The Spectacle of Society 241 Chapter 21. Ilaria Cattani, Borders and Tourism 249 Chapter 22. Arianna Brusadelli, Campione d’Italia: a Tax Heaven beyond the Borders 257 Chapter 23. Caleb Hamman, Visualizing Borders: Seeing Past Sectarianism in Irish League Football 275 Chapter 24. Alessandra Lafranconi, How do cultural Aspects affect the Allocation and Use of Investments, therefore the real Development of Developing Countries? 289 Chapter 25. Tiziana Urbano, Chechnya: geography of exception 305 Chapter 26. Dan Deng, The multiple Meanings of ‘Border’: the Example of the Border and Conflict between Chinese and Tibetan Culture 312 The Authors Preface orders, Sovereignty, Rights is the title of the first publication ofTHE BORDER BCROSSING SEMINAR (BCS), a joint program between the University of Milano-Bicocca and the University of Notre Dame, initiated in 2012 and directed by Eileen Hunt Botting and myself. This text collects the papers presented in Milan during the fist meeting of Sum- mer Conference and School BCS, held at the University of Milano-Bicocca from 20th to 27th June 2012. The aim of THE BORDER CROSSING SEMINAR is at developing a fruitful cul- tural exchange between European countries and the United States of America. Considering the results of this experience from a both scientific and inter-per- sonal viewpoint, we can say that the initiative was a successful story, which we hope can be continued in the years. We want therefore to thank all scholars for their excellent lectures and the tu- toring of students as well as the participants in BA, MA, PhD. studies, who attend- ed the BCS with passion and interest. In particular, we want to express our grat- itude to Giorgia Serughetti, who acted as a responsible for the scientific secretary of the Seminar, for her impeccable and committed work. We want also to thank Lindsay Dun, Courtney Biscan and Caitlin Glimco, who - beside their attendance to the BCS - helped other students, non-native English speakers, to improve the linguistic quality of their papers, in a spirit of mutual co-operation. The Seminar would not have been possible without the financial and institu- tional support of many American and Italian colleagues. In particular, we thank Jim McAdams and Anthony Monta of the Nanovic Institute for European Studies at the University of Notre Dame; Michael Desch, the Chair of the Department of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame; Joshua Kaplan, the Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of Political Science at the University of Notre Dame; the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies; the Institute for Scholarship in the Liberal Arts at the University of Notre Dame; J. Nicholas Entrikin, Vice President and Associate Provost of Internationalization at the Uni- versity of Notre Dame; Neil Delaney and the Glynn Family Honors Program at the University of Notre Dame; the Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program at the University of Notre Dame for their generous support of the inaugural Border Crossing Seminar. We also thank Giorgio Grossi and Carla Facchini, former director and pres- ent director of the Department of Sociology and Social Research of the Univer- sity of Milano-Bicocca, for the support given to the organization of the BCS; Elena dell’Agnese for the international conference “Bordersapes III”; . Michele Cometa, Director of the PhD in Cultural Studies at the University of Palermo. In particular, I’m grateful to the US – Italy Fulbright Commission for the support of my scholarship as distinguished chair, which gave the opportunity to initiate the collaboration with the University of Notre Dame and to establish the BCS. The Border Crossing Seminar was also related to the project of national in- terest on “Political Imagination and Borders. Citizens and Strangers,” supported by the Ministry of Education, Research, and University (PRIN 2009), and the Bicocca Departmental Research Centre, Public Reasoning and Global Society in Action (PRAGSIA). The BCS is only at the beginning but very promising because it has the aim to cross borders and to increase a productive inter-cultural dialogue against any prejudice and violence. A global democracy can be built starting also from these experiences. Marina Calloni Introduction hen Professor Marina Calloni of the University of Milano-Bicocca visited Wthe University of Notre Dame in 2011 as a distinguished Fulbright facul- ty fellow in the Nanovic Institute for European Studies and the Department of Political Science, she instantly began to form networks of friends and colleagues who worked across traditional disciplinary bounds in striving to understand common areas of scholarly interest. Crossing borders was a normal academic activity for her—not for the mere thrills of travel and trespass, but for the more serious sake of fostering relationships across those borders we erect, often to the detriment of building lines of communication and new pathways to shared knowledge, between our disciplines. Although her project of crossing borders in scholarly life has serious implications for what John Stuart Mill called the transformation of “dead dogma” into “living truth” through full, frequent, and fearless discussion, it is also fun for the same reasons it is serious.(Mill, 1863: 66) Human relationships, whether they grow in a seminar, a university, or a national or international community, give us the joy that inspires us to join that Millian public dialogue of learning. It was Calloni’s idea to bring to life this philosophy of border crossing in the ethical and intellectual form of the Border Crossing Seminar (BCS). The seminar is an annual, weeklong interdisciplinary and international conference and summer school for graduate students and faculty in political theory, poli- tical philosophy, and the social sciences. The themes of the BCS center around questions of global justice, including the issues of cosmopolitanism, inter-cul- tural dialogue, and human rights. Held during June in Milan for the first time in 2012, the BCS is co-organized by the political philosopher Calloni and me, a political theorist at the University of Notre Dame. Walking tours of Milan’s cultural and urban spaces, and conversations with local people, are part of the experiential learning component of the seminar. The seminar features lectures by expert faculty from the University of Milano-Bicocca, the University