An Overview of Archeology in North Dakota .................................................................... 1 Study Units for the Archeological Component ............................................................... 1 Definitions for “Archeological Site” and the Problem of Properties which Straddle Study Unit Borders ......................................................................................................... 4 Study Units Vis-à-Vis Traditional Archeological Spatial Units ..................................... 8 Archeological Unit Terms............................................................................................. 10 Cultural Traditions .................................................................................................... 10 Cultural Complexes .................................................................................................. 12 Components .............................................................................................................. 13 Phases ........................................................................................................................ 13 Cultural Periods ........................................................................................................ 13 Dates and Dating Methods ................................................................................... 14 The Named Cultural Traditions .................................................................................... 17 The Paleo-Indian Tradition ....................................................................................... 17 Clovis Complex ..................................................................................................... 20 Goshen Complex ................................................................................................... 21 Folsom Complex ................................................................................................... 22 Agate Basin-Hell Gap Complex ............................................................................ 23 Cody Complex ...................................................................................................... 24 Parallel-Oblique Flaked Complex ........................................................................ 25 Pryor Stemmed Complex....................................................................................... 26 Caribou Lake Complex ......................................................................................... 26 Logan Creek-Mummy Cave Complex ................................................................... 27 Oxbow Complex .................................................................................................... 28 McKean Lanceolate Complex ............................................................................... 29 Duncan Complex ................................................................................................... 30 Hanna Complex .................................................................................................... 30 Pelican Lake Complex .......................................................................................... 31 Yonkee Complex .................................................................................................... 32 Unclassified Late Plains Archaic Components..................................................... 32 The Plains Woodland Tradition ................................................................................ 33 Unclassified Early Plains Woodland Components ............................................... 33 The Middle Plains Woodland Period .................................................................... 34 Sonota and Besant Complexes .............................................................................. 34 Laurel Complex ..................................................................................................... 35 The Late Plains Woodland Period ........................................................................ 36 Avonlea Complex .................................................................................................. 37 Blackduck Complex ............................................................................................... 38 Mortlach Complex ................................................................................................ 39 Old Women’s Complex ......................................................................................... 39 Sandy Lake Complex ............................................................................................. 40 The Plains Village Tradition ..................................................................................... 41 Middle Missouri .................................................................................................... 41 Coalescent ............................................................................................................. 42 Northeastern Plains Village Complex .................................................................. 42 Equestrian Tradition/Fur Trade................................................................................. 44 One Gun Complex ................................................................................................. 45 Research Topics for North Dakota Archeology................................................................ 45 Paleo-Environmental Modeling .................................................................................... 45 Paleo-Climate ............................................................................................................ 46 Cultural Chronology ..................................................................................................... 49 Settlement Behavior ...................................................................................................... 50 Stone Circle Sites ...................................................................................................... 52 Statewide Population Density ................................................................................... 54 Native Subsistence Practices......................................................................................... 54 Technologies ................................................................................................................. 55 Artifact Styles ............................................................................................................... 58 Regional Interaction ...................................................................................................... 58 Field, Laboratory, and Analytical Methodologies ........................................................ 60 Treatment of the Individual Study Units ...................................................................... 61 Description of Each Study Unit .................................................................................... 61 Overview of Previous Archeological Work .................................................................. 61 Inventory Projects ..................................................................................................... 61 Site Data Tabulations ........................................................................................... 62 Test Excavation Projects ........................................................................................... 63 Major Excavation Projects ........................................................................................ 64 Other Work ............................................................................................................... 64 Coverage by Cultural Periods ....................................................................................... 64 Paleo-Environmental Modeling ................................................................................ 64 Cultural Chronology ................................................................................................. 65 Settlement Behavior .................................................................................................. 65 Native Subsistence Practices..................................................................................... 65 Technologies ............................................................................................................. 65 Artifact Styles ........................................................................................................... 66 Regional Interaction .................................................................................................. 66 Historic Preservation Goals, Priorities, and Strategies ............................................. 66 Discussion of National Register Eligibility Criteria ......................................................... 66 Discussion of Inventory Terminology .......................................................................... 68 Archeology Component of the State Plan: An Overview of Archeology in North Dakota Michael L. Gregg, Paul R. Picha, Fern E. Swenson, and Amy C. Bleier 2016 The North Dakota Comprehensive Plan for Historic Preservation: Archeological Component begins with statewide considerations of the Study Units (drainage basins) used for prehistoric and protohistoric archeological site studies and management in the state. Then a chronological model is presented for the state as a whole, and generalized research topics