Landscape Conservation Management Plan Cambria Swansea, Tasmania Prepared for Trethowan Architecture on behalf of Cambria Green Agriculture and Tourism Management Pty Ltd. Dr. CATRIONA McLEOD Consultant: Research & Writing Services Environment • Horticulture • Design • Cultural & Landscape Heritage 0400274364 [email protected] Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 9 2.0 The Landscape Conservation Management Plan .............................................................. 1 1 3.0 Location and Zones ........................................................................................................... 12 4.0 The Aboriginal Landscape ................................................................................................. 1 3 5.0 Post‐colonial settlement history ....................................................................................... 14 5.1 Lieutenant George Meredith and Cambria................................................................................ 14 6.0 Sequential development of the landscape at Cambria ...................................................... 15 6.1 The Gardenesque Style ............................................................................................................. 16 6.2 The Pinetum ............................................................................................................................. 17 6.3 Scientific Interest ..................................................................................................................... 18 7.0 Botanical species at Cambria ............................................................................................ 20 7.1 Louisa Anne Meredith ~ 1850: My Home in Tasmania during a Residence of Nine Years, 1850 ... 24 7.2 Observations in Through Tasmania (No. 58) by Our Special Correspondent ............................... 28 7.3 Mrs. Marion Shaw (of Red Banks): memory of plants at Cambria ~ 1940s ‐ 1980s ...................... 32 7.4 Phyl Frazer Simons (1987) ......................................................................................................... 35 7.5 Mr. and Mrs. N. Burbury (2015/6) ............................................................................................ 36 8.0 Zones ................................................................................................................................ 40 8.1 Core Heritage Zone (CHZ) ......................................................................................................... 40 8.1.1 Immediate formal house garden .............................................................................................. 40 8.1.2 The Shrubbery ........................................................................................................................... 43 8.1.3 House orchard and garden ....................................................................................................... 43 8.1.4 Tree‐lined walk (Arcadia) and lower orchard ........................................................................... 47 8.1.5 Cambria Lane ............................................................................................................................ 48 8.1.6 Riverbank remediation ............................................................................................................. 49 8.2 Pastoral Zone (PZ) .................................................................................................................... 50 8.3 Natural Landscape Zone (NLZ) .................................................................................................. 50 8.3.1 The dominant native vegetation communities and other TASVEG mapping units in the study area .................................................................................................................................................... 51 8.4 Development Zone (DZ) ............................................................................................................ 53 8.4.1 Development Zone 1 (DZ1) ....................................................................................................... 53 8.4.2 Development Zone 2 (DZ2) ....................................................................................................... 53 8.4.3 Development Zone 3 (DZ3) ....................................................................................................... 53 9.0 Comparative Analysis ....................................................................................................... 54 9.1 Vaucluse House ........................................................................................................................ 54 9.2 Brickendon Estate .................................................................................................................... 55 9.3 Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 55 10.0 Assessment of Historic Heritage Significance .................................................................. 57 10.1 Historical Significance ............................................................................................................. 58 McLeod: Landscape Conservation Management Plan for Cambria – September, 2016 2 10.2 Aesthetic Significance ............................................................................................................. 60 10.3 Scientific [and Botanical] Significance ..................................................................................... 61 10.4 Social Significance .................................................................................................................. 62 11.0 Recommended Statement of Significance for the Landscape .......................................... 63 11.1 What is significant? ................................................................................................................ 63 11.2 How is it significant? ............................................................................................................... 64 11.3 Why is it significant? ............................................................................................................... 64 12.0 Conservation Policies ...................................................................................................... 65 12.1 Statutory Requirements ......................................................................................................... 65 12.1.1 Australian Heritage Council (AHC) (which replaced the Australian Heritage Commission Act 1975 (Commonwealth) in 2004. ........................................................................................................ 65 12.1.2 Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) .......... 66 12.1.3 Historic Cultural Heritage Act 1995 (Tasmania) ...................................................................... 66 12.1.4 The Weed Management Act 1999 (Tasmania) ....................................................................... 66 12.1.5 Land Use Planning and Approvals Act 1993 (Tasmania) ......................................................... 67 12.1.6 Aboriginal Relics Act 1975 (Tasmania) .................................................................................... 67 12.1.7 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Heritage Protection Act 1984 ...................................... 67 12.2 Policies and Guidelines ........................................................................................................... 67 12.2.1 The Burra Charter (The Australian ICMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance), 1999 67 12.2.2 ICOMOS‐IFLA International Committee for Historic Gardens Charter .................................... 68 12.2.3 ICAHM Charter for the Protection and Management of Archaeological Heritage ................. 69 12.2.4 Australian Natural Heritage Charter (2002) (2nd edition) ..................................................... 69 12.2.5 ‘Ask First ‐ Respecting Indigenous Heritage Place’ – Australian Heritage Commission (2001) ........................................................................................................................................................... 69 12.2.6 The Policy on Water Quality Management 1997 (Tasmania) ................................................. 70 12.2.7 State Policy on the Protection of Agricultural Land 2009 (Tasmania) .................................... 70 12.2.8 State Coastal Policy 1996 ........................................................................................................ 70 12.2.9 Southern Tasmania Regional Land Use Strategy 2010‐2035 .................................................. 70 12.3 Australian Standards & Legislation for Disability Access and Safety ........................................ 70 12.3.1 Disability Discrimination Act (1992) (D.D.A.) .......................................................................... 70 12.3.2 National Construction Code (2016) ......................................................................................... 71 12.3.3 Australians Standards ............................................................................................................. 71 12.3.4 Work Health and Safety Act 2012 (WHS Act). .......................................................................