EOEI AI O A ND MO DE RN GRE E K E CO MPA RED W ITH O NE A NO TH R, A ND W I TH N I E NT RE E K A C G . J ME E M A A LY D . S C , . H A ND D X E DI NBU RG : S U THE RL A N K NO . L O NDO N : S IMPK IN, MA R S HALL , AND 00 . D L V M CCC . B A E J . S . L CK I , PRO FE S S O R O F G R E E K I N THE U NI V E RS I TY O F E DINBU RG H. By your publi c declaration s th at a langu age worthy of th ee n am e s es m a en on was ca e two ea s e Gr k urviv , y tt ti ll d y r ago to the dialects spoken and written by the m odern Greeks the s ec m en of the en an e o ca ess w c ou p i s Ath i p ri di l pr , with hi h y ns e e m s n es con nce m e n u es a ar a w r d y fir t i quiri , vi d that, a tiq iti p t, a residence in Ath ens would amply reward the student of Greek ; and en o n m e e e i n the s n of 1 8 53 enthu , wh you f u d th r pri g , your si asm was my en couragem ent to prosecute the investigations n begu . ou e e o e as to a ene c I a e e To y , th r f r , b fa tor, gr t fully d dicate the ’ o n a es in w c is e e the es e f llowi g p g , hi h xhibit d r ult of ight m onths o se a n and n on the s o e n e e s e a b rv tio i quiry p t, b i g w ll p r uad d th t, if they elucidate in any m easure the fortunes and prospects even of non- c ass ca ee e find an a o n l i l Gr k, th y will ppr ver a d patron i n one who has given a n ew impetus to Greek studies in our n ative c n and in a cula who s a e s ou try, , p rti r, fir t d r d to as um e before the h es ns l British public t e r po ibi ity of recomm ending Modern G reek he en on of c ass a s u en to t att ti l ic l t d ts . I un e m s es to ose of e en e a on of ec ans it y wi h th a whol g r ti Gr i , m a on e e that you y l g pr sid over the Greek studi es in our m etro o n n e s and ea the o d u t p lita U iv r ity, r p gl ry e o your abundant and en s as c a u thu i ti l bo rs . Y m s o e en e n our o t b di t S rva t, J A ME S CL Y D E . E d nbur Decem e r 1 8 5 4 i gh, b . TO THE RE A DE R. THE following pages contain such an account of Ro maic and Modern Greek as m ay exhibit to the classical student what h om f the ee n a e once ene as really bec e o Gr k la gu g , g rally m s se to b e e and now e e s e s e . uppo d d ad, all g d by o to urviv This account will m aterially assist the inquiries of those who o en e on e e e m n n the s n a ec s w uld t r a d tail d xa i atio of urvivi g di l t , e e e n m e V s n eece s wh th r by r adi g at ho , or by i iti g Gr ; whil t the m erely curious will fi nd in it th at sum mary of infor m ation and examples which they desiderate . “ A dis quisition has two advan tages in the present c ase over h of a amm . m t e m c ec s i n m c gr ar Fro ultipli ity dial t Ro ai , and the e s es s e in Mo e n ee o a a div r iti of tyl d r Gr k, b th h ve ean c a c e and w i s s ea m an o and un Prot h ra t r, hat thu r lly if ld se e i s a t to b e e esen e as s n e an d e n e i n ttl d, p r pr t d i gl d fi it a m m c es oses the c ns c on of m o e gra ar, whi h pr upp o tru ti d l para m o a s s on n b n di s . en n ca e uce g Th , i t di qui iti i trod d with greater propriety the critical and historical m atter which the t m W s for ese eas n s h subj ec de ands . hil t th r o t e form of a amm has een a o e few mm a c ec a gr ar b v id d, gra ti al p uli rities of om c or Mo e n ee a e een e ne a ne so R ai d r Gr k h v b l ft u xpl i d, the a en e ea er who is a rea a o e a e that tt tiv r d , l dy t l r bl Greek sc ol fi nd m sel a e to e use o s in e h ar, will hi f qu lifi d p r w rk ither . No question i s raised i n the following pages c oncerning the vi T O TH E D REA ER . anc en m o e the m o e n ow c ca es of i t d , or d pra ti lly b t, pronouncing ee ecause us ce has ” Gr k, b j ti been lately done to these subj ects in s ec a ea ses enn n on in E n l n p i l tr ti , by P i gt g a d, and by Pro fessor ac e in co an Bl ki S tl d . Neither are s uch questions enter t ain d as the ow n e foll i g : Of what advantage is a knowledge of Mo e n e t th d r Gre k o e classical student ? At wh at stage of h ’ scholarship should t e student s attention be called to Modern Greek ? I s it desirable that our teachers of G reek accustom their pupils to con versation in the m odern dialect ? O f suc h questions som e are answere d by the m ere exhibition of what Mo e n ee is and o e s mu a f r d r Gr k , th r st w it o solution till British s cholars in general acqul re more accurate an d definite notions of Mo e n ee n e et ossess r d r Gr k tha th y y p . At p esent such questions c an b e neither i ntelligently entertained nor fairly answered by the great m aj ority interested i n them ; and a warfare of extrem e views i s all th at can result from precipit at i ng their dis c ussi on . A con siderable array of facts regarding Modern Greek has een set e ore the s u c of a e ea s es ec a b b f Briti h p bli l t y r , p i lly Mr o e in on on Mr ona son in E n r and by C rp L d , D ld di bu gh, ’ the se veral reviewers of Trikoup es History of the Greek Re The e en is a con u on of the sam e n n . s vol utio pr t trib ti ki d, s ec a a an a em is m a e to d is but with thi p uli rity, th t tt pt d in ui sh i n a se es of a c s the om a c aec from t g , ri p rti ular , R i di l t To dra s s nc on ee ro e so c a e . w Modern Gr k, p p rly ll d thi di ti ti m o an as e w se the o of s v n ee i s is i p rt t, oth r i t tality ur ivi g Gr k the c a ac e s cs of a a and its a roxim a i nvested with h r t ri ti p rt, pp he anc en aec s un e a e or .