INDEX Aliutou shuo xinwen (Aliutou Talks News; Dialect See fangyan TV show) 14, 105–118, 175–176 “Dongbeiren doushi huo Leifeng” (“The Anyang ying’er (Orphan of Anyang; film) Northeasterners Are All Living Lei 205, 209–210 Fengs”; song) 98–99, 144, 148–151, 278 audience 3, 10–12, 72–75, 101–102, “Dongbei techan bushi heishehui” (“The 113–114, 119, 176, 191–192, 198–200, 210, Northeast Specialty Is Not Underworld”; 220, 243–249, 277–278, 280–281 rap) 157–158, 162, 173 Dongshenme, biedong ganqing (Don’t Mess Bailuyuan (White Deer Plain; play) 285 with Love; TV series) 59, 64–65 Bakhtin 8–9, 99, 122–125, 129–141, 219–220, 236–244, 258, 263 educated youth (zhiqing) fiction and film Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress 16, 252, 265–276 (film) 265, 268–270 errenzhuan 122, 127, 132–141, 166, 282, Ba mianyang he shanyang fenkai (To 283, 284 Separate the Sheep from the Goats; Ershou Meigui (Second-Hand Rose) band novel) 252, 265, 272–276 165–166, 284 Beijing Mandarin in dubbing 83, 99, 101 fangyan in film 197, 222–223, 227, 228, and comedy 8–10, 219, 245, 248. See 229–232, 234–235, 237, 245 also comedy films and audience in Latinxua 46–47 as folk language 36, 39, 48–54, in music 144n, 146, 169n, 174. See also 121–141, 282–283 Yin San’er and Ziyue as one’s mother tongue, native language in national language movement 34, 70, 222–223 23–27, 34, 35, 36n, 40 as the living, vernacular, or oral language on TV 59, 60–65, 108 20, 31, 34, 35, 44 as the speech of the uneducated 61–63, Cantonese 1, 5, 11, 23–26, 36, 54–55, 165, 201, 210, 265–276 76–78, 99, 144n, 152, 156n, 200, 205, as rural patois 42, 43, 44, 210, 218–219, 210, 219n, 237, 240, 268n, 277, 279, 227, 228, 229–236, 265–276 283 as vulgar slang 21, 54–55, 73–75, Cha lutiao (Inspecting Road Passes; play) 76, 101, 155–158, 159–161, 191–192, 50–51 283–284 Chen Kaige 188, 211, 243, 270n controversy over the English translation Chen Zhongshi See Bailuyuan 4–7, 5n Chouxing huo langman (Scandal or its hierarchy and stereotype 3–4, 11, Romance; novel) 252, 253–255 66, 88–89, 96–97, 117, 219n, 228–229, Chow, Rey 6, 86, 89, 184, 211 277–278 comedy films 8–9, 10n, 12, 16, 71, 83, 102, vis-à-vis a national language in the 219–220, 236, 242–247, 280–281. See nation-building historical process also Feng Xiaogang and Fengkuang de 19–55 shitou Feng Gong 227, 228, 236. See also Meishi Cui Jian 144n, 153, 170–171, 284–285 touzhe le Fengkuang de shitou (Crazy Stone; film) Dahua xiyou (A Chinese Odyssey; film) 9, 16, 175, 213, 216–217, 219, 236–245, 84–85, 98 244, 247, 248 Dai Sijie 252, 268n. See also Balzac and Feng Xiaogang 60, 84, 155n, 215, 216, 218, the Little Chinese Seamstress 219, 227–228, 236, 245, 280. See also 312 index Shouji, Tianxia wuzei and Tangshan da Hu Feng 44, 48, 49n, 52–53 dizhen Hu Mage 167–168 folk song 48, 164–170, 179, 269–270 Hunan (Changsha) Xiang 81, 118, 119n, folk song collection movement 13, 20, 153n, 215n, 222, 271 29–30, 36–39, 169 Hu Shi 13, 20, 31–38. See also May Freud, Sigmund 10, 89–90, 99n, 135, Fourth vernacular movement 241–242 independent and underground films gangtai (Hong Kong Cantonese and 187–189, 204–213. See also Jia Zhangke Taiwan Mandarin) accent 64–65, Internet 14–15, 70–71, 98–99, 143–144, 153n, 168–169, 197, 234, 235, 241, 249, 147–148, 179–185, 220, 243–244, 261, 271n, 273, 275 280–281, 284, 285–286. See also Gan Xiao’er 206, 207. See also Shanqing “Dongbeiren doushi huo Leifeng,” rap shuixiu music, and Shanghai rap Gaoxing (Happiness; film) 175, 242, 243 intonation 56n, 60, 62, 127–128, 133–136, Ge You 84, 227, 236 163–171, 230, 254–255, 284–285 globalization 3, 4, 7–8, 30–31, 97–100, 149–150, 168–172, 237–240, 244–245, Jane Eyre (film) 83, 87–89 278–280, 282, 284 Jiada waizhuan (Stories of Mr. Fake; Gu Jiegang 36, 38. See also folk song sitcom) 12, 73–75 collection movement Jiang Wen 216, 224n, 230, 248. See also Guan Hu 212, 213, 218, 242. See also Guizi laile and Xun qiang Shangche zouba Jia Pingwa 16, 243. See also Qinqiang Guan lianzhang (Commander Guan; film) Jia Zhangke 2, 11, 15, 187–214, 217, 218, 226n 220, 224, 229, 247, 283 Guizhou Mandarin 205. See also Xun Jinnian xiatian (Fish and Elephant; film) qiang 205, 210 Guizi laile (Devils on the Doorstep; film) Jiquanbuning (One Foot Off the Ground; 16, 171, 217, 222–223, 225 film) 242, 248 Gunn, Edward 2–4, 11, 37, 38–39, 44, Ju lai feng (Fresh Air from Drama; TV 45, 53–54, 56n, 59, 68–69, 96, 99–100, show) 84, 91–93, 102, 283 107–108, 176–177, 189n, 200, 215n, 219n, 233n, 240n, 251, 253n, 256–257, 280 Ke Zhongping 51 Guo Degang 112–113, 282, 283 Koushui juntuan (Saliva Regiment) band 152, 154, 157, 158, 172, 175 Hakka (kejia) local language 1, 5, 23, 36, 144, 273, 274 lanmuju (docudrama) 118–120. See also Hangzhou Wu 81, 84, 93, 102, 110–111, Wudu yehua 114–118, 119n, 282. See also Aliutou shuo Lao Naixuan 13, 19–20, 22–27, 46 xinwen and Koushui juntuan band Lao She 44, 45, 60, 200 Han Sanping 215–217, 222 “Laoshi hao” (“Hello Teacher”; rap) 146, Heibang (Hi-Bomb) band 153, 162, 176. 155–157, 158, 161 See also “Xiafeilu de 87 hao” Laoxi’r pieba (Laoxi’r Chat bar, TV show) Heisa (Black Head) band 152, 162, 172, 175 111, 278 Henan Mandarin 61, 67, 76–78, 83, Latinized New Writing (Ladinghua Xin 191, 194, 197, 204–205, 206, 210, 213, Wenzi /Latinxua Sin Wenz) 13, 20, 21n, 232–235, 242, 245–248, 255–257, 271, 40–47 280 Laws and SARFT regulations on limiting Hong Kong Dialect Literature Movement the use of dialect in the media 1–2, (DLM) 21, 54–55 2n, 69, 79, 100, 102–103, 116, 117–118, Huang Sheng 49–50, 54n, 55n 118n, 215, 234 Huang Zunxian 22, 36 Lee, Ang 11 Hubei (Wuhan) Mandarin 92, 111, 119n, Li Boqing 95, 117n, 246, 282. See also 158–159, 167–168, 169n, 172 Jiada waizhuan .