Anatomy 25 Review Questions: Digestive System Guthrie SYSTEMATIC ANATOMY: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 1. The skeletal muscle that forms the core of the lips is called the __?__ and the skeletal muscle that forms the core of the cheeks is called the __?__. (a) orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris (b) mentalis, buccinator (c) orbicularis oris, buccinator (d) buccinator, masseter (e) buccinator, orbicularis oculi 2. The oral cavity is lined with __?__ epithelium. (a) simple cuboidal (b) simple columnar (c) simple squamous (d) stratified squamous keratinized (e) stratified squamous 3. The parotid glands __?__. (a) are located over the mandibular rami (b) empty into the oral vestibule opposite the second upper molars (c) produce saliva (d) can be infected by the "mumps" virus (e) all of these 4. The submandibular glands __?__. (a) can be palpated just inside the lower edges of the mandible (b) are seromucous or mixed (c) empty into the floor of the oral cavity on either side of the lingual frenulum (d) all of these (e) none of these 5. Which structures form ridge-like bulges in the floor of the oral cavity under the tongue ? (a) lingual tonsils (b) submandibular glands (c) palatine tonsils (d) sublingual glands (e) pharyngeal tonsils 6. The soft palate __?__. (a) forms the posterior 1/3 of the roof of the oral cavity (b) is covered with respiratory mucosa on its pharyngeal side (c) is covered with stratified squamous epithelium on its oral side (d) contains a core of skeletal muscles (e) all of these 7. The uvula __?__. (a) produces sounds (b) is part of the hard palate (c) is a large ruga (d) is an anchoring point for soft palate muscles (e) all of these 8. The hard palate __?__. (a) forms the anterior 2/3 of the roof of the oral cavity (b) is formed by the palatine bones and the palatine processes of the maxillae (c) is covered with stratified squamous epithelium (d) is marked, especially in the infant, by ridges called rugae (e) all of these 9. The tip of the tongue is called the __?__. (a) corpus (b) dorsum (c) frenulum (d) root (e) apex 10. The fold of tissue formed as the oral mucosa leaves the undersuface of the tongue and spreads out over the floor of the oral cavity is called the __?__. (a) lingual tonsil (b) lingual frenulum (c) inferior labial frenulum (d) sulcus terminalis (e) foramen cecum 11. Which type of lingual papilla is the most numerous and provides the tongue surface with friction __?__. (a) foliate (b) fungiform (c) circumvallate (d) filiform (e) vallate 12. Circumvallate papillae __?__. (a) are located anterior to the sulcus terminalis and foramen cecum (b) have glands of von Ebner (c) contain taste buds (d) vary in their number (e) all of these 13. Taste buds __?__. (a) consist of nerve cells and supporting cells (b) have openings to the oral cavity called taste pores (c) are located throughout the epithelium lining the oral cavity and covering the tongue (d) all of these (e) none of these 14. The foramen cecum __?__. (a) marks the embryonic origin of the thyroid gland (b) is located on the dorsum of the root of the tongue (c) may be connected to the thyroid gland by a duct or a band of tissue (d) all of these (e) none of these 15. The lingual tonsil __?__. (a) is located on the root of the tongue (b) consists of masses of lymphocytes in a meshwork of reticular fibers (c) is covered with epithelium (d) all of these (e) none of these 16. On the basis of their names, which of the following is not an extrinsic tongue muscle ? (a) palatoglossus (b) hyoglossus (c) genioglossus (d) geniohyoid (e) styloglossus 17. The intrinsic tongue muscles are not arranged __?__. (a) circularly (b) vertically (c) longitudinally (d) transversely A25RQDigestSys.mguthrie Page 1of 8 Anatomy 25 Review Questions: Digestive System Guthrie 18. The __?__ muscles alter the shape of the tongue; the __?__ move the entire tongue. (a) intrinsic, extrinsic (b) extrinsic, intrinsic (c) neither of these 19. During swallowing or deglutition __?__. (a) the tongue moves up and back (b) the soft palate moves up (c) the larynx moves up and forward (d) the epiglottis is pressed down and back (e) all of these 20. In humans, the normal deciduous dentition consists of a total of __?__ teeth and the normal permanent dentition consists of a total of __?__ teeth. (a) 20, 32 (b) 32, 20 (c) 20, 28 (d) 28, 32 (e) none of these 21. Permanent teeth __?__. (a) develop in the maxillae and the mandible (b) develop at the same time that the deciduous teeth are growing and erupting (c) replace deciduous teeth by eroding their roots (d) all of these (e) none of these 22. From deep to superficial, a tooth crown consists of __?__. (a) enamel, dentine, pulp (b) pulp, dentine, enamel (c) cementum, dentine, enamel (d) pulp, dentine, cementum (e) pulp, cementum, dentine 23. The pulp cavity of a tooth __?__. (a) is located primarily in the crown (b) is connected to the root canal or canals (c) contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue (d) all of these (e) none of these 24. The root canal of a tooth __?__. (a) is surrounded by dentine (b) leads to the pulp cavity (c) is a passage for blood vessels and nerves (d) is located in a root (e) all of these 25. Which teeth have the most roots ? (a) upper molars (b) lower molars (c) incisors (d) canines (e) premolars 26. In the root of a tooth, the dentine is covered with the bone-like substance __?__. (a) cementum (b) enamel (c) pulp (d) periodontal membrane (e) gingiva 27. The periodontal membrane that anchors a tooth root in its alveolus is __?__. (a) fibrous connective tissue (b) a gomphosis type joint (c) a slightly moveable joint (d) all of these (e) none of these 28. The neck of a tooth __?__. (a) connects the crown and the root (b) is the attachment site of the gingiva (c) is not visible unless the gingiva has retracted (d) all of these (e) none of these 29. No new enamel is formed after a tooth has erupted because __?__. (a) enamel is produced by a sheet of cells covering the enamel that is destroyed after eruption (b) enamel lasts a lifetime and does not need to be replaced (c) all the cells that produce dentine and cementum stop working after the tooth erupts (d) God did not want it that way 30. The teeth are supplied by branches of the __?__ arteries and the __?__ nerves. (a) maxillary, trigeminal (b) lingual, facial (c) internal carotid, hypoglossal (e) maxillary, vagus 31. The masses of lymphatic tissue located between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches of the oral cavity are the: (a) adenoids (b) pharyngeal tonsils (c) palatine tonsils (d) lingual tonsil (e) none of these. 32. The pharynx __?__. (a) is open anteriorly to the nasal, oral, and laryngeal cavities (b) has a core of three paired, overlapping constrictor muscles (c) is divided into three parts (d) all of these (e) none of these 33. The oral and laryngeal parts of the pharynx __?__. (a) are lined with stratified squamous epithelium (b) are posterior to the oral and laryngeal cavities (c) are adapted more for digestive tract functions than respiratory functions (d) all of these (e) none of these 34. When you open your mouth to exam your "throat," you are __?__. (a) looking past the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches (b) looking past the locations of the palatine tonsils (c) looking at the oropharynx (d) all of these (e) none of these 35. Inferiorly, the laryngopharynx is continuous with the __?__. (a) oropharynx (b) esophagus (c) nasopharynx (d) stomach (e) none of these A25RQDigestSys.mguthrie Page 2of 8 Anatomy 25 Review Questions: Digestive System Guthrie 36. The esophagus __?__. (a) begins in the neck (b) ends in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity (c) passes through the mediastinum of the thorax (d) all of these (e) none of these 37. As it passes through the neck and the thorax, the esophagus is __?__. (a) posterior to the larynx and trachea (b) posterior to the heart and great vessels (c) beside the descending aorta (d) anterior to the vertebral column (e) all of these 38. The esophagus __?__. (a) is lined with stratified squamous epithelium (b) contains a gradient of skeletal and smooth muscles in its muscularis externa (c) contains numerous mucous glands (d) all of these (e) none of these 39. Inferiorly, the esophagus connects with the __?__ of the stomach. (a) cardiac part (b) fundus (c) corpus (d) pyloric part (e) pyloric sphincter 40. The innermost layer of the digestive tube from esophagus to rectum, is the tunica __?__. (a) submucosa (b) mucosa (c) muscularis externa (d) adventitia or serosa 41. The mucosa of the digestive tube consists of __?__. (a) a lining epithelium (b) a lamina propria of connective tissue (c) a muscularis mucosae of smooth muscle (d) all of these (e) none of these 42. Which layer of the mucosa is closest to the gut lumen ? (a) epithelium (b) lamina propria (c) muscularis mucosae (d) none of these 43. The lining epithelium of the digestive tube from stomach to rectum is __?__ epithelium.