DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THETable of ContentsCONGO (DRC) INTEGAccronyms RATED GOVERNANCE 2 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 5 ACTIVITYUNDERSTANDING DO NO HARM (IGA) AND CONFLICT SENSITIVITY APPROACHES ............................. 6 LDo No Harm............................................................................................................................................................. 6 OVERVIEW ON THE CURRENT POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE DRC ............................................... 8 Decentralization and Conflict ............................................................................................................................... 10 CONFLICTCurrent Conflict Situation in Kasais SENSITIVTY ................................................................................................ .................... 11 Current Conflict Situation in Katanga ................................................................................................................. 12 ANALYSISCurrent Conflict Situation in Kivus& ................................ ..................................................................................... 16 USAID IGA CONFLICT SENSITIVITY TOOLKIT AND APPROACH ................................................ 19 Conflict Sensitivity – Before Engagement ........................................................................................................... 20 IMPLEMENTATIONConflict Senstivity – During and After Engagement ................................ STRAT.........................................................EGY 24 USAID IGA’S IMPLEMENTATION PLAN – YEAR 2 ........................................................................ 25 ANANNEX ANNEX A: SELECTED TO THE RESOURCES YEAR FOR 3 WORK CONFLICT PLAN SENSITIVITY ................................................ 27 ANNEX B: CONFLICT ANALYSIS DEFINITIONS AND KEY QUESTIONS....................................... 28 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES ................................................................................ 30 SEPTEMBER 2018 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by DAI. 1 DRC IGA, Conflict Sensitivity Analysis & Implementation Strategy - Year 3 Workplan Program Title: Integrated Governance Activity (IGA) Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID DRC Contract Number: AID-660-C-17-00001 Contractor: DAI Date of Submission: September 1, 2018 The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. 2 DRC IGA, Conflict Sensitivity Analysis & Implementation Strategy - Year 3 Workplan Table of Contents ACRONYMS 4 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 5 UNDERSTANDING DO NO HARM AND CONFLICT SENSITIVITY APPROACHES ............................. 6 Do No Harm ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 OVERVIEW ON THE CURRENT POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE DRC ............................................... 8 Decentralization and Conflict ............................................................................................................................... 10 current Conflict Situation in Kinshasa ................................................................................................................. 11 Current Conflict Situation in Kasais .................................................................................................................... 12 Current Conflict Situation in Katanga ................................................................................................................. 15 Current Conflict Situation in Kivus ..................................................................................................................... 16 USAID IGA CONFLICT SENSITIVITY TOOLKIT AND APPROACH ................................................ 19 Conflict Sensitivity – Before Engagement ........................................................................................................... 20 Conflict Senstivity – During and After Engagement ......................................................................................... 24 Conflict Sensitivity Achievements in Year 1 ...................................................................................................... 25 USAID IGA’S IMPLEMENTATION PLAN – YEAR 2 ........................................................................ 25 ANNEX A: SELECTED RESOURCES FOR CONFLICT SENSITIVITY ................................................ 27 ANNEX B: CONFLICT ANALYSIS DEFINITIONS AND KEY QUESTIONS....................................... 28 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES ................................................................. 30 3 DRC IGA, Conflict Sensitivity Analysis & Implementation Strategy - Year 3 Workplan Acronyms AU African Union CAF Conflict Assessment Framework CARG Rural Agriculture Management Council CDA Collaborative for Development Action CENI Independent National Election Commission CODESA Community Health and Development Committee COGE School Management Committee CONAKAT National Confederation of Katanga COP Chief of Party COPA Parent Education Committee CSO civil society organization DAI DAI Global LLC DCOP Deputy Chief of Party DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative ETD Entities Territoriales Décentralisés EU European Union FDLR Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda ICGLR International Community for the Great Lakes Region IDP internally displaced person IGA Integrated Governance Activity M&E monitoring and evaluation M23 March 23 Movement MONUSCO United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the DRC NGO nongovernmental organization PEA Political Economy Analysis PEANA Political Economy Analysis Needs Asssessment SADC Southern Africa Development Community UN United Nations USAID United States Agency for International Development WFP World Food Programme 4 DRC IGA, Conflict Sensitivity Analysis & Implementation Strategy - Year 3 Workplan INTRODUCTION The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) Integrated Governance Activity (IGA) is a five-year program, ending on January 8, 2022, and implemented by DAI. USAID IGA works with government and civil society at national, provincial, and local levels to support sustainable capacity for delivery of a range of basic services, especially related to health, education, and economic growth. USAID IGA works to reorient misaligned incentives and build greater demand for services while strengthening capacity. Transparent, inclusive, and participatory improvements to service delivery will reinforce democratic development and create the foundation for more equitable growth. USAID IGA has initially engaged in the following DRC provinces: Haut Katanga, Kasai Centrale, Kasai Orientale, Lualaba, and South Kivu, and are also working in the Walikali territory in Nord Kivu and the and the Masina commune in Kinshasa. It has long been acknowledged that development and humanitarian activities can have unintended impacts on local conflicts. Whether they exacerbate existing community tensions or create new strains through the introduction of new resources or access, since the early 1990s, the international community has sought to mitigate these impacts using conflict sensitive or aware development approaches. Given the particularly dynamic and complex political and social context in the DRC, DAI recognizes the importance of employing a conflict sensitive approach. Through the usage of the conflict sensitive approach outlined in this deliverable, USAID IGA aims to ensure staff awareness of conflict sensitive programming, mainstream conflict sensitivity throughout beneficiary selection and programming life cycle, design interventions that consider local sensitivities and, finally, ensure a Do No Harm approach. USAID IGA’s guiding principles for implementing a conflict sensitive program are as follows: 1. All staff will be trained on conflict sensitivity awareness and will be encouraged to apply a conflict sensitive approach to all aspects of programming, challenging previously held biases and perceptions of ongoing conflict situations. 2. Conflict sensitivity will, wherever possible, be mainstreamed as part of USAID IGA’s overall approach and included in program assessments, analysis and monitoring & evaluation (M&E) ensuring conflict-related data is collected on a regular basis and not just as issues arise. 3. USAID IGA management will take concerns about conflict-related impacts seriously and provide a safe and supportive space for staff to share worries about the impacts of programming. 4. In keeping with Do No Harm principles, USAID IGA will always seek to maximize positive and mitigate against negative conflict related outcomes. If an activity is found to be doing harm, USAID IGA will either adjust or cancel the activity. This deliverable is intended to be an initial outline of USAID IGA’s approach to conflict sensitivity over the life of the project. The report begins with a brief outline of Do No Harm and conflict sensitivity principles, followed by an