ISSN 0704-3716 CANADIAN TRANSLATION OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES lqo. 4818 Energy balance in prolific species of crustacea from the Indian Ocean by T.V. Pavlovskaya, and Gj. Abolmasova Original Title; Energeticheskiy balans u massovykh vidov rakoobragnykh indiyskogo okeana From: Ekologiya Morya (5): 65-76, 1981 Translated by the Translation Bureau (NDE) Multilingual Services Division Department of the Secretary of State of Canada Department of Fisheries and Oceans Bedford Institute of Oceanography Dartmouth, NS 1982 21 pages typescript ' crews- Li e • • DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION DES SERVICES CANADA DIVISION MULTILINGUES TRANSLATED FROM TRADUCTION DE INTO EN Russian English AUTHOR - AUTEUR T.V. Pavlovskaya , G.I. Abolmasova TITLE IN ENGLISH TITRE ANGLAIS Energy balance in prolific species of Crustacea from the Indian Ocean TITLE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS) TITRE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÉRES ROMAINS) Energeticheskiy balans u massovykh vidov rakoobraznykh indiyskogo okeana REFERENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS. RÉFÉRENCE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION), AU COMPLET, TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÈRES ROMAINS. Ekologiya morya REFERENCE IN ENGLISH - RÉFÉRENCE EN ANGLAIS Marine Ecology PUBLISHER - ÉDITEUR PAGE NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL DATE OF PUBLICATION NUMÉROS DES PAGES DANS DATE DE PUBLICATION L'ORI GI HAL "Naukova dumka" YEAR ISSUE NO. 65-76 VOLUME PLACE OF PUBLICATION ANNÉE NUMÉRO NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES LIEU DE PUBLICATION NOMBRE DE PAGES DACTYLOGRAPHIÉES Kiev, USSR 1981 5 21 REQUESTING DEPARTMENT D F 0 TRANSLATION BUREAU NO. MINISTÈRE-CLIENT NOTRE DOSSIER N° 861144 BRANCH OR DIVISION S .I.P.B. TRANSLATOR (INITIA LS) N. De. DIRECTION OU DIVISION TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES) PERSON REQUESTING DEMANDÉ PAR Robert J. Conover UNEDITED TRANSLATION YOUR NUMBER For information only VOTRE DOSSIER N° TRADUCTION NON REVISEE DATE OF REQUEST January 26, 1982 Information seulement DATE DE LA DEMANPE MAR 1 2 1982 505-2004 0.6 (REV. 2/68) 7530-214029.533 3 111 gto Secretary Secrétariat of State d'État MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION — DIVISION DES SERVICES MULTILINGUES TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS Client's No.—No du client Department — Ministère Division/Branch — Division/Direction aw - Ville D F 0 S.I.P.B. Dartmouth, N. Bureau No.-1\10 du bureau Umguage — Langue Translator (Initials) — Traducteur (Initiales) 861144 Russian N. De. MAR 12 1982 Ekologiya morya (Marine Ecology), 1981, No. 5, pp. 65-76 (65)* UDC 591.531.31:595.3:577.475 Energy balance in prolific species of Crustacea ' from the Indian Ocean by T.V. Pavlovskaya & G.I. Abolmasova The determination of the feeding relations between organisms an the quantitative tendencies of the transformation of matter and energy by ecological groups within communities are the major points when studying the flow of energy through an ecosystem. These in- vestigations are based on the determination of the rate of consump- th tion of various types of food andYlndividual elements of the energy balance in the most prolific species of the zooplankton. Investi- gations of this type have been carried out on organisms from the L&J Z legvl boreal zone of the ocean [10, 11, 19-22, 26, etc.], but not very 0 ›- < g CC E many have been conducted in the tropical zone of the World Ocean 0 If) C 2 nr. Z o 0 g [9, 14, 16, 23, 25]. The energy balance in the organisms of the < z e (66) e E z ô Indian Ocean has not been studied at all During the fourth run E of the "Professor Vodyanitsky" research vessel, we studied the C) o D ch g following questions: the composition and size of the rations in prolific species of crustaceans during mixed feeding on live algae, phvtogenic detritus and small animals, the effectiveness of assi- milation and the ratio of the inàividual elements of their energy *The numbers in the right-hand margin are the pages of the Russian text - translator SEC 5-25T (Rev. 6/78) balance, and the diurnal rhythm in the feeding of crustaceans. Material and Method The object of our study were six of.the.-most prolific species of crustaceans in the study areas, Scolecithrix danae Lubbock, Pleuromamma abdominalis Lubbock, Euchaeta marina Prestandrea, Eu- chirella cu.rticauda Giesbr., Rhincalanus nasutus Gièsbr. and Cypri- dina serrata G.W. Mtlller. The material was collected with DZhOM* nets with an intake dia- meter of 80 cm, made with. silk gauze No. 23 (mesh size 0.333 mm). Nets made with gauze No. 49 (mesh size 0.112 mm) were used to catch the small animals which were used as food in the experiments. After being caught, the animals were sorted according to species and size, and then placed in large containers where they were kept until ready for use. Some of the selected animals were measured, cleansed of salt with an isotonic solution of ammonium carbonate, and then used to determine the energy equivalent of body mass. The energy balance of copepods was studied by the radiocarbon method [1. 8]. One-litre containers were used in the experiments. From 3 to 23 specimens were used in each experiment, depending on the size of the animals. The experiments were carried out only with females. A mixture ofsmall animals,unicellular algae and phytogenic detritus was used as food in all the experiments. The consumption of the various components from the mixture was deter- mined by the method of alternate labelling of the items. *acronym unknown, transliterated from the Russian - translator -3- As shown by a preliminary and detailed study of the qualitative composition of the phytoplankton [2], small species of the genus Gymnodinium comprised the bulk of its biomass. Therefore, a mono- culture of Gymnodinium lanskaya and detritus prepared from these algae were given to the animals as aphytogenic, foOd. -In , some s experi- ments, the crustaceans were fed Ditylum brightwellii which had been brought back from the Indian Ocean by L.M. Sergeyeva l . The small zooplankton in the study areas consisted mainly of Temora and Oncaea species which were used as food in the experiments. The unicellular algae Gymnodinium lanskaya and Ditylum bright- wellii were grown on liquid media with 500 pC.1 -1 in diffused light. The detritus was prepared from unicellular algae, G. lanskaya, by a method described earlier [7]. The detrituà decomposed for a period of 7 days at a temperature of 22-25°C. In order to obtain a radioactive animal food, small crustaceans were first kept on t the food components labelled unicellular algae for 2-3 days. The concentration- in the balance experiments corresponded approximately to their abun- dance in the 0-100 m layer. According to our calculations, this amounted to about 0.5 - ca1.1 -1 of phytoplankton, the same amount of detritus and 1.1-2.0 cal.1 -1 of small zooplankters. The experiments were conducted during the day and night in order to determine the diurnal rhythm of the feeding rate. , The temperature was 21-22 °C in the experiments with S. danae, P. abdomi- nalis, E. marina and E. curticauda, and 24 °C in the experiments with R. conutus and C. serrata. 1We wish to thank L.A. Lanskaya and L.M. Sergeyeva for the cultures of unicellular algae. (67) The daily food balance of the crustaceans was determined by the sum of the individual elements, i.e. C = C d +R e +ReR s , where c denotes the ration, cd - the amount of energy accumulated in the body, R 0 .-energy expended on respiration, cd+R c - the amount of as- similated food (A), R s - solid excreta, R d - liquid excretions in the form of a dissolved organic substance, and R d+Rs - the unassi- milated part of the ration (F). Food assimilability was determined by the equation a = Cd+Re In order to determine C d , the animals were removed from the experimental containers, washed with an isotonic solution of am- monium carbonate, ground in a mortar, transferred onto a sheet of foil and dried at 60 °C. The water, which_contained the excreta of the animals, was passed through a membrane filter ("Synpor-3"), and the value R s was calculated. In the filtrate, we determined the amount of CO 2 released by the animals during respiration (R e ) and the content of dissolved organic matter (Re). The radioactive pre- parations were counted on an automatic VAV-100 radiation counting scaler with a SBT-13 end-type counter. All the experimental re- sults obtained in carbon units were converted to energy coefficients The 24-hr values of all the elements of the food balance of the animals were obtained from the corresponding initial components of the balance, which were determined in brief experiments. The animals in these experiments were kept on labelled food for the length of time required for its digestion, and this vai.ied from 30 min to 1.5 hrs, depending on the type of food and the time of day, and they were kept on unlabelled food for 2.5-3 hrs. The method of wet combustion with a 15% correction for incom- plete oxidation of organic matter was used to determine the specific activity of the food items (Cr) and the energy equivalent of the body mass of the animals. [4]. The values of the energy equivalent of body mass and the size characteristics of the study animals are given in table 1. Table 1. Size characteristics and energy equivalents of body mass of the prolific species of crustaceans of the Indian Ocean alleprenviecKurt 2 c p 31. - 4Hcao thtcno Hui; *HBO/. , 3KonumenT D Naccu /e.la ce_ 1 mufflumelloro Hamepe- p„mep al liblX x Iniel I, MM 4npso6e x 7— Oncaea sp.