Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19028-2 - Parasitism: The Diversity and Ecology of Animal Parasites: Second Edition Timothy M. Goater, Cameron P. Goater, Gerald W. Esch Index More information INDEX Acanthamoeba,59 American trypanosomiasis. See Aspidogaster conchicola, 116 acanthella, 191 Chagas’ disease Austramphilina elongata, 153 Acanthocephala amoebic dysentery, 59 alteration of behavior, 180–181 amoeboid protozoans, 56–59 B lymphocytes ( B cells), 17 body wall, 183–185 amphibian malformations Babesia bigemina, 67, 295 classification, 194 (deformities), 132, 400, 466–468 balanced polymorphism, 434 evolution of parasitism, 195–196 Amphilinidea, 153 Balantidium coli,79–80 heavy metal accumulation, 471, Amphipoda, 286–287 bat flies, 317 472–473 Ancylostoma braziliense, 224 beaver fever. See giardiasis lacunar system, 184–185 Ancylostoma caninum, 224 bedbugs, 315 life cycle, 188–191 Ancylostoma duodenale, 4, 223, 343, behavior modification metabolism, 186–188 388 Acanthocephala, 180–181 nervous system, 186 Anguillicoloides crassus, 232 Dicrocoelium dendriticum, 144–145 phylogenetic relationships, 192–197 anisakiasis, 231 Leucochloridium, 142 proboscis, 179–183 Anisakis simplex, 230 mechanisms of behavioral reproduction, 185 annelids, hosts for myxozoans, 97, alteration, 410–411 sexual selection, 188–189 105, 469 Myrmeconema neotropicum, transmission by paratenic hosts, Anoplocephala perfoliata, 168 406–408 191–192 antibodies, 24–25 Nematomorpha, 249 acanthocephalan peritonitis, 196 antibody formation, 24 parasitoids, 326–327 Acanthocephalus anguillae, 179 antigenic variation, 30–31, 52, 77 Rhizocephala, 284–286 acanthor, 190 apical complex, 60, 61 bilharziasis. See schistosomiasis Acarapis woodi, 305 Apicomplexa, 60–78 binary fission, 42, 45, 58 Acari, 289–308 apicoplast, 43 biogeography. See ecological acetabulum, 117 apparent competition. See parasite- biogeography, historical acid rain, effects on parasite mediated competition biogeography communities, 373, 464–469 Aranimermis giganteus, 217 biological tags, 96, 389–391, 463 acquired immunity, 17, 213 Archiacanthocephala, 192, 194 Biomphalaria glabrata, 33, 404 actinospores, 96, 97, 99 Archigetes sieboldi, 160 Bolbosoma, 191 Actornithophilus patellatus, 313 areoles, 245 Boophilus annulatus, 295 African trypanosomes, 30, 45, 46, 52 Argas cucumerinus, 300 Bopyridae, 288 African trypanosomiasis, 5, 27, Argas persicus, 300 bot flies, 310, 320, 323 28, 52 Argulus, 282 Bothriocephalidea, 162 aggregation, parasite populations, Arthropoda Bothriocephalus acheilognathi, 162 338, 339–346, 353, 436 Chelicerata, 289–308 Bovicola tibialis, 314 Alaria americanae, 141 classification, 329–330 Brachylaemidae, 141–142 Alaria marcianae, 141 Crustacea, 264–289 Brachylecithum mosquensis, 145 Allocreadidae, 143 Insecta, 327 bradyzoites, 66 Allocreadium neotenicum, 143 phylogenetic relationships, 328 Branchiura, 282 Alveolata, 45, 81 ascariasis, 229 Branchotenthes robinoverstreeti, 150 alveoli, 81 Ascarida, 228–232 Briarosaccus callosus, 283, 289 amastigotes, 48, 55 Ascaris lumbricoides, 4, 228, 343, 344, bronchial escalator, 222, 223 Amblyomma americanum, 295, 446 346, 387, 440 brood parasitism, 323 Amblyomma darwini, 296 Ascaris suum, 445 Brugia malayi, 235, 236 Amblyomma nitidium, 296 Aspersentis megarhynchus, 471 bryozoans, hosts for myxozoans, 96, Amblyomma rotundatum, 296 Aspidobothrea, 115–116 105, 107 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19028-2 - Parasitism: The Diversity and Ecology of Animal Parasites: Second Edition Timothy M. Goater, Cameron P. Goater, Gerald W. Esch Index More information 490 Index Buddenbrockia plumatellae, 96, 97, coevolution, 381, 382, 432, 446–452 Cryptobia salmositica,56 108 coevolutionary arms race, 447, 449, Cryptocotyle lingua, 461 Bufolucilia, 322 452 Cryptolepas rachianecta, 282 bulla, 276 Collyriclum faba, 144 cryptosporidiosis, 63, 64 Colobomatus, 278 Cryptosporidium parvum, 60, Caligus, 272 colony collapse disorder, 90 63–64 Capillaria americana, 363 Combes’ supply-filter concept, Ctenocephalides canis, 316 Capillaria caudinflata, 218 368–370 cutaneous larval migrans, 224 Capillaria hepatica, 218 commensalism, 7, 447 Cuterebra, 319 Cardicola davisi, 133 competition, 361, 362, 363 cuticle Cardiodectes medusaeus, 268, 276 competitive exclusion, 362 Arthropoda, 264, 309 Caryophyllaeus laticeps, 160, complement, 21 Nematoda, 199–205 346–347, 352 component community Nematomorpha, 246 Caryophyllidea, 160 defined, 358 Pentastomida, 252 Cecrops latreilli, 272 ecological determinants of species cyamid amphipods, 286 cement glands, 185 richness, 371–374 Cyamis, 286 Centrorhynchus, 192 supply-filter concept, 370 Cyclophyllidea, 165–169 Ceratomyxa shasta, 105 variation in parasite species Cymothoa exigia, 287 cercariae richness, 370–371 cyprid, 282 behavioral adaptations, 122–127 component population, 336 cystacanth, 191 effects of heavy metals, 460–462 concomitant immunity, 28 cysticercoid, 159 host avoidance, 437 conjugation, 43, 78 cysticercus, 159 Ribeiroia ondatrae, 400, 466 conoid, 62, 63 cysts, 41, 49, 57, 58, 79, 247 cerebral malaria, 75 Contracaecum, 445 cytokines, 21, 23, 25 cestodes. See Eucestoda Copepoda cytostome, 42 Chagas’ disease, 5, 27, 48, 53–54 attachment structures, 271, 273, chiclero’s ulcer, 55 276, 278 Dacnitis truttae, 389 chiggers, 302 effects on hosts, 276 Dactylogyrus, 150 chloroquine, 78 life cycle, 279–280 Dactylogyrus vastator, 367 Chondracanthus zei, 277 metamorphosis, 273, 280, 282 dauer juvenile, 214 Cichlidogyrus sclerosus, 463 sexual dimorphism, 272, 278 Demodex canis, 304 Ciliophora, 78–80 copulatory bursa, 185, 222 Demodex folliculorum, 305 Cimex lectularis, 315 coracidia, 159, 162 density-dependence, 348, 418 Citellinema bifurcatum, 363 core-satellite species hypothesis, 360 density-dependent effects, 352–354 cladistics. See phylogenetic Corynosoma, 191 density-dependent parasite mortality, systematics Corynosoma magdaleni, 189 338, 352 cladogram, 12 cospeciation, 381, 452–455 Dermacentor albipictus, 296, 415 classification Cotesia congregata,32 Dermacentor andersoni, 295 Acanthocephala, 194 Cotylurus flabelliformis, 141 Dermacentor variabilis, 295 Arthropoda, 329–330 Crepidostomum cooperi, 143, 463–464 Dermanyssus gallinae, 301 Microsporida, 94 Cretachordodes burmitis, 249 Dermatobia hominis, 310, 321 Myxozoa, 108–110 crowding effect, 353 Derogenes varicus, 386 Nematoda, 240 Crustacea Desmozoon leopeophtherii,9 Nematomorpha, 250 Amphipoda, 286–287 Diclidophora merlangi, 148 Pentastomida, 258–261 Branchiura, 282 Dicrocoelidae, 144–145 Platyhelminthes, 172–174 Copepoda, 270–280 Dicrocoelium dendriticum, 121, 144 Protozoa, 81–82 cuticle, 265–266 Digenea Clonorchis sinensis, 142 Isopoda, 287–289 castration in snails, 449 Cnidaria, 97, 108 life cycle, 269–270 development in snails, 121–125 coccidia, 63 nervous system, 268 effects of heavy metals, 460–463 coccidiosis, 64 reproduction, 267 life cycle, 121–127 Cochliomyia hominivorax, 319 Rhizocephala, 282–286 metabolism, 120–121 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19028-2 - Parasitism: The Diversity and Ecology of Animal Parasites: Second Edition Timothy M. Goater, Cameron P. Goater, Gerald W. Esch Index More information Index 491 nervous system, 120 trichinosis, 220 geographical mosaic of coevolution reproduction, 119–120 epimastigotes, 50, 52 hypothesis, 451 Dioctophymatida, 221–222 epitopes, 18, 24 geohelminths, 223 Dioctophyme renale, 221 epizootiology, 10, 101–102 Geomydoecus actuosi, 445 diphyllobothriasis, 161 Ergasilus, 271 Giardia duodenalis,48–50 Diphyllobothrium latum, 160–161 Eucestoda Giardia lamblia,5,48 Diphylobothriidea, 160–162 holdfasts, 153–154 giardiasis, 48–50 Diplostomidae, 140–141 life cycle, 158–160 gigantism, 404 Diplostomum, 410 metabolism, 157–158 Gigantobilharzia, 140 Diplostomum spathaceum, 141 nervous system, 156 Gigantobilharzia acotyles, 135 Dipylidium caninum, 169, 317 reproduction, 155–156 Glugea, 91, 94 Dirofilaria immitis, 234–235 tegument, 154–155 glycocalyx, 57, 118, 183 dracunculiasis, 232 Eustrongylides ignotus, 464 glycosome, 46 Dracunculus medinensis, 4, 232–233 Eustrongylides tubifex, 221 Gordian knot, 244, 247 eutely, 199 Gordius aquaticus, 244 Ecdysozoa, 237, 264 eutrophication, effects on parasites, Gordius robustus, 247 Echeneibothrium maculatum, 164 463–468 Gordonius chinensis, 249, 426 Echinococcus granulosus, 4, 165–167, exflagellation, 69 Gorgoderina attenuata, 470 417, 444 extended phenotype, 406 granuloma, Schistosoma mansoni, 28, Echinococcus multilocularis, 167 139 Echinolaelaps muris, 301 Fahrenholtz’s rule, 452 Gregarina,62–63 Echinoparyphium megacirrus, 115 falciparum malaria. See Plasmodium Grillotia, 163 Echinostoma caproni, 132 falciparum Gryocotylidea, 152–153 ecological biogeography, 386–389 Fasciola gigantica, 124, 132 guild, 360 ecological epidemiology, 339, 340 Fasciola hepatica, 5, 120, 124, 131, Guinea worm. See Dracunculus ecological immunology, 10, 16, 386, 388 medinensis 34–37 fascioliasis, 386 gynecophoric canal, 135 effective population size (Ne), 444 Fasciolidae, 131–132 Gyrinicola batrachiensis, 228 Eimeria bareillyi,64 Fascioloides magna, 131, 415, 444 Gyrocotyle, 152 Eimeria maxima, 436 Fasciolopsis buski, 132 Gyrodactylus salaris, 149 Eimeria tenella,64 fecundity compensation, 404 Elaphostrongylus rangiferi, 354 feminization, 91 Haematoloechus, 145, 470 elephantiasis, 5, 235 filariasis, 235 Haemobaphes diceraus, 273, 282 Encephalitozoon cuniculi,93 flagellated protozoa, 45–56