Comedia De La Fuerza De La Costumbre the Force of Habit Por Don Guillén De Castro a Comedy by Don Guillén De Castro

Comedia De La Fuerza De La Costumbre the Force of Habit Por Don Guillén De Castro a Comedy by Don Guillén De Castro

Comedia de La fuerza de la costumbre The Force of Habit por don Guillén de Castro A comedy by Don Guillén de Castro PERSONAS CHARACTERS DOÑA COSTANZA, madre de FÉLIX e HIPÓLITA COSTANZA, mother to FÉLIX and HIPÓLITA DON FÉLIX, 20 FÉLIX, 20 DON PEDRO DE MONCADA, esposo de COSTANZA, padre PEDRO, COSTANZA'S long-lost husband, father to FÉLIX de FÉLIX e HIPÓLITA AND HIPÓLITA DOÑA HIPÓLITA, 20 HIPÓLITA, 20 UN VIEJO, AYO de DON FÉLIX FÉLIX'S TUTOR (AYO) GALVÁN, locayo GALVÁN, servant INÉS, criada de LEONOR INÉS, LEONOR'S servant DOÑA LEONOR, ama a FÉLIX LEONOR, 20'S, loves FÉLIX DON LUIS, galán de HIPÓLITA, hermano de LEONOR LUIS, 20'S, suitor to HIPÓLITA, LEONOR'S brother OTAVIO, galán de LEONOR OTAVIO, suitor to LEONOR MARCELO, galán de HIPÓLITA MARCELO, suitor to HIPÓLITA MAESTRO de armas FENCING MASTER ALGUACIL BAILIFF CAPITÁN CAPTAIN 1 JORNADA PRIMERA ACT ONE Salen DOÑA COSTANZA y DON FÉLIX, en hábito largo de Enter DOÑA COSTANZA and DON FÉLIX. FÉLIX wears the estudiante long habit of a student FÉLIX ¿Qué novedades son estas, FÉLIX What novelties are these, mi señora? ¿Qué mudanzas? my lady? What changes? ¿Del hábito de sayal, From a sackcloth robe, monjil pardo, tocas largas, a nun’s brown habit, long wimples, al enrizado cabello, and a rosary, trenzas de oro, entera saya; to curled hair, del rosario a la cadena, braids of gold, a full skirt, de los lutos a las galas? and a fine chain? Ayer desnudas paredes, From mourning to celebration? de tristeza, apenas blancas, Yesterday, bare walls, y hoy de brocados y sedas sad and dull, tan compuestas y entoldadas. and today, dressed and decorated Ayer pesares, hoy gustos; in brocades and silks. todo en fin, todo en tu casa, Yesterday sorrows, today pleasures. cuanto vi llorar de triste, In short, all that wept with sadness veo que de alegre canta; now sings with joy. ¿qué es esto? What is this? COSTANZA ¡Ay, hijo, don Félix! COSTANZA Oh my son, Don Félix! FÉLIX ¡Hasta en mi nombre hay mudanza! FÉLIX Even my name has changed! ¿Ayer Feliciano, y hoy Yesterday I was Feliciano, and today don Félix? Don Félix? COSTANZA Oye la causa: COSTANZA Hear my reasons: Mi padre, don Juan de Urrea, My father, don Juan de Urrea, 2 que con su nobleza honraba whose nobility honored esta ciudad, a quien César this city, honró con nombre y con armas, whom the Emperor recognized1 en doña Inés de Bolea, with fame and with arms, que a tres años de casada had me and my brother pagó la deuda que todos with Doña Inés de Bolea. temen más y mejor pagan, After three years of marriage, she tuvo a mi hermano y a mí, settled that debt that we fear the most, que con su amparo y crianza and yet must all repay. crecimos en Zaragoza With his protection and care entre envidias y alabanzas; we grew up in Zaragoza él de honrado y gentil hombre, amid admiration and praise: bravo en amores y en armas, My brother, renowned y yo con fama de hermosa: as an honorable gentleman, ¡debió de mentir la fama! daring in love and in arms, Sucedió que un caballero and I for my beauty: de la casa de Moncada, how Fame must have lied! que, desde la gran Valencia, It happened that a gentleman iba por la posta a Italia, of the house of Moncada, yendo a oír misa y a ver on his way from Valencia to Italy,2 la primera insigne casa decided to hear mass and visit que en España edificó the first great house el santo patrón de España, of our Patron Saint in Spain.3 hallóme en la iglesia a mí, In the church, he found me, y vi que en él, cuando entraba, And in him I found cuerdamente competían good sense and arrogance la prudencia y la arrogancia. in equal measure. Llevaba un jubón de tela, He wore a cloth doublet, ligas y media de nácar, garter and hose of mother-of-pearl, y sobre zapatos negros, and on his black shoes, de lo mismo, dos lazadas; two buckles of the same; 1 The Hapsburg Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, was also king of Spain. 2 Hapsburg Spain held significant possessions on the Italian Peninsula. 3 Spain’s Patron Saint, Santiago (James), is said to have been in Zaragoza when the Virgin Mary appeared there. 3 de refino vellorí breeches, jacket, and a cape calzones, ropilla y capa; of fine cloth; con puntas una valona, a pointed collar y una cadena por banda; and a chain for a sash; gallardamente ceñida, his sword in its golden scabbard, cubierta de oro, la espada, was dashingly girded to one side, y al otro lado, pendiente while on the other his dagger de otra cadena, la daga; hung from a chain. de falda larga el sombrero, His hat sported a broad brim, vuelta la copa a la falda, with feathers of blue and white con muchas plumas azules cascading over the crown. y algunas garzotas blancas. He approached as I left mass, Llegó al salir de la misa, and I, more well-dressed than devout y yo que en la misa estaba and more curious than saintly, más compuesta que devota observed him with rapt attention. y más curiosa que santa, It seemed his whole heart miréle con atención. was in his mouth, Parecióme que arrojaba and my soul in his eyes. el corazón por la boca, Unnoticed he drew near, y por los ojos el alma. and mumbled something Llegóse al descuido, y dijo that wasn’t clear, una razón poco clara, swallowed half the words. porque se tragó, al decilla, I did not want to answer, la mitad de las palabras. but I couldn’t help it, Quise excusar la respuesta, because in church pero no pude excusalla, one’s eyes can never lie. porque hay en los ojos niñas, From what I learned later, que nunca en la iglesia callan. that was reason enough A lo que supe después, for him to abandon his journey. esta fué bastante causa He lingered in Zaragoza, para no lograr entonces and turned gracefully 4 los fines de su jornada. from military pomp Detúvose en Zaragoza, to courtly attentions, y pasando con más gracia he served me and flattered me, de las galas soldadescas obliging me a las cortesanas galas, with his sighs and his longings. sirvió, festejó, obligando He venerated the corners of my street, con suspiros y con ansias, the doors of my house, de mi calle las esquinas, the railings of my balconies, los umbrales de mi casa, the grates of my windows— venerando como altares all altars del ídolo que adoraba, to the idol he adored. las verjas de mis balcones When I saw, at last, that my father, y puertas de mis ventanas. had closed all doors Viendo, en fin, que el padre mío, to any discussion of marriage, por su condición extraña, because he was a foreigner, al trato del casamiento and forced to stay in my room, tuvo las puertas cerradas, through a narrow window obligada en mi aposento, I opened a wide door for him por una estrecha ventana to reach his hopes; ancha puerta le di yo he entered through it many times, para lograr su esperanza; with darkness for his friend por ella entró muchas veces, as he climbed teniendo para escalalla and the dawn as his enemy. por amiga las tinieblas From those long-awaited hours, y por enemiga el alba. from those wishes fulfilled, De las esperadas horas, from those desires attained, desta voluntad pagada, from that cherished darkness, destos logrados deseos, a daughter saw the light, destas tinieblas amadas, though hidden to some. una niña salió a luz, God knows what care and mas no para todos clara. caution it took! 5 ¡Sabe Dios lo que costó But listen now de cautelas y de trazas! to the greatest tragedy Al cabo de otros seis meses, ever seen or heard— oye la mayor desgracia About six months later, que se ha visto ni se ha oído, my brother happened to pass by pero fué mía, que basta; just as Don Pedro, acertó a pasar mi hermano for such is my husband’s name, cuando a subir empezaba began climbing the ladder. por la escalera don Pedro, He noticed something amiss, que así mi esposo se llama. came closer, Reparó, llegóse, y viendo and seeing who it was, quien le ofende y quien le agravia they both drew los dos lucientes aceros their shining swords atrevidamente sacan, and bravely thrust at each other. gallardamente se tiran, Watching all this, y yo mirándolo estaba I could hardly breathe, tan sin aliento, que agora so that even now para decillo me falta. I am breathless with the telling. Dióle mi esposo a mi hermano My husband stabbed my brother, en el pecho una estocada, in the chest— que dejó bastante boca a wound so large that through it, por donde saliese el alma. his soul departed. “¡Jesús!, dijo, que me han muerto; “Jesus!,” he cried, “they’ve killed me; confesión, Jesús me valga!” confession, oh Jesus!” Pienso que le miro agora I think I see him now— estribando con la espada, leaning on his sword, arrimarse a las paredes clutching the walls, y caer. and falling. FÉLIX ¡Desdicha extraña! FÉLIX What terrible misfortune! 6 COSTANZA No pude ver sus extremos: COSTANZA I did not see his reaction— Que un criado y dos criadas the servants took me away, me sacaron medio muerta.

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