Fertilizer Sector Improvement (FSI+) in Burma REPORT OF 2017 WET SEASON TRIALS Trials Using the Urea Deep Placement Technique on Transplanted Rice, Broadcast Rice, and the Rice-Gram System Submitted to USAID Burma Agreement Number BFS-IO-15-00001 May 2018 INTERNATIONAL FERTILIZER DEVELOPMENT CENTER PO BOX 2040 | MUSCLE SHOALS, AL 35662 | USA Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 Trials Tested in the 2017 Wet Season.................................................................................. 3 Materials and Methods ............................................................................................................... 4 Site Selection ....................................................................................................................... 4 Trial Failures ........................................................................................................................ 5 Varieties and Farmers .......................................................................................................... 5 Experimental Design ............................................................................................................ 6 Basal Fertilizers ................................................................................................................... 6 Treatments............................................................................................................................ 7 Trial No. 1 UDP on Direct Seeded Rice ..................................................................... 7 Trial No. 2 Balanced Fertilization With Compound Fertilizer on TPR ...................... 7 Trial No. 3 UDP and Prilled Urea Deep Placement Trial on TPR .............................. 8 Trial No. 4 Different N Rates With UDP and Prilled Urea on TPR ........................... 9 Trial No. 5 Different P Rates on TPR ......................................................................... 9 Trial No. 6 Different K Rates on TPR ...................................................................... 10 Trial No. 7 Different S Rates on TPR ....................................................................... 10 Trial No. 8 Fertilizer Management in the Rice-Gram System .................................. 11 Trial No. 9 Fertilizer Management in the Rice-Gram System With Starter N .......... 11 Trial No. 10 UDP Evaluation Under Submerged Conditions Trial .......................... 12 Plot Size and Spacing......................................................................................................... 12 Results and Discussion ............................................................................................................ 13 Trial No. 1 UDP on Direct Seeded Rice .................................................................... 13 Trial No. 2 Balanced Fertilization With Compound Fertilizer Trial ......................... 16 Trial No. 3 UDP and PU Deep Placement Trials ...................................................... 18 Trial No. 4 Different N Rates Trial Using UDP and PU ........................................... 19 Trial No. 5 Different P Rates Trial ............................................................................ 22 Trial No. 6 Different K Rates Trial ........................................................................... 24 Trial No. 7 Different S Rates Trial ............................................................................ 25 Trial No. 8 Fertilizer Management Trials on the Rice-Gram Cropping System ....... 26 Trial No. 9 Fertilizer Management Trial on the Rice-Gram System With Starter N on Gram ....................................................................................................... 28 Trial No. 10 UDP Evaluation Under Submerged Conditions Trial ............................. 29 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 33 UDP on Direct Seeded Rice Trials .................................................................................... 33 Balanced Fertilization With Compound Fertilizer Trial .................................................... 33 Different N Rates Trial With UDP and PU ....................................................................... 34 FSI+ | Report of 2017 Wet Season Trials i Different P Rates Trial ....................................................................................................... 35 Different K Rates Trial ...................................................................................................... 35 Different S Rates Trial ....................................................................................................... 36 Fertilizer Management Trials on the Rice-Gram Cropping System .................................. 37 Fertilizer Management Trial on the Rice-Gram System With Starter N on Gram ............ 38 UDP Evaluation Under Submerged Conditions Trial ........................................................ 39 Appendix 1. Data Sheets ......................................................................................................... 41 Data of UDP on DSR Trial at Bawine, Pantanaw ............................................................. 41 Data of UDP on DSR Trial at Magyi Kan, Kawhmu ........................................................ 42 Data of Balanced Fertilization With Compound Fertilizer Trial at The Pyay Chaung, Myaungmya ....................................................................................................................... 43 Data of UDP and PU Deep Placement Trial at Kan Gyi, Letpadan .................................. 44 Data of UDP and PU Deep Placement Trial at The Yet Kone, Nyaunglaybin .................. 45 Data of Different N Rates Trial Using UDP and PU at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi .................... 46 Data of Different P Rates Trial at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi ..................................................... 47 Data of Different K Rates Trial at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi .................................................... 48 Data of Different S Rates Trial at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi ..................................................... 49 Data of Fertilizer Management Trial on the Rice-Gram System at Thar Kwin, Einme .... 50 Data of Fertilizer Management Trial on the Rice-Gram System With Starter N at Anauk Ywa, Thonegwa ................................................................................................................. 51 Data of UDP Evaluation Under Submerged Conditions at Kwin Yar, Kangyidaunt ........ 52 Data of UDP Evaluation Under Submerged Conditions at Mayan, Kunchangone ........... 53 Photos ....................................................................................................................................... 54 FSI+ | Report of 2017 Wet Season Trials ii Tables Table 1. Locations and Coordinates of Field Trials, Wet Season 2017 ............................. 5 Table 2. Varieties, Trial Types, and Collaborating Farmers for the 2017 Wet Season Trials ..................................................................................................................... 6 Table 3. Experimental Designs Used for 2017 Wet Season Trials .................................... 7 Table 4. Plot Size and Spacing Used for Specific Trials, 2017 Wet Season .................... 12 Table 5 Locations, Varieties, and Dates of All Trials, 2017 Wet Season ....................... 13 Table 6 Yield and Component Characteristics of UDP on DSR Trial at Test Locations ............................................................................................................ 15 Table 7 Yield and Component Characteristics of Compound Fertilizer Trial at The Pyay Chaung, Myaungmya ................................................................................ 17 Table 8 Yield and Component Traits of UDP and PU Deep Placement Trials at Test Locations ............................................................................................................ 19 Table 9 Yield and Component Traits of N Rates Trial Using UDP and PU at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi ..................................................................................................... 21 Table 10. Yield and Component Traits of Different S Rates Trial at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi ............................................................................................................... 26 Table 11 Component Traits of UDP Evaluation Under Submerged Conditions Trial at Test Locations ................................................................................................ 32 Table 12 Treatment Yields of UDP Evaluation Under Submerged Conditions Trial at Test Locations .................................................................................................... 32 Table 13 Yield and Yield Increase of Different Treatments Over Control from Rate Trials at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi ............................................................................. 37 Figures Figure 1. Treatment Yields of UDP on Direct Seeded Rice Trials by Location ............... 16 Figure 2. Rice Yield Response (t/ha) to Different N Rates of UDP and PU at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi ..................................................................................................... 22 Figure 3. Rice Yield Response (t/ha) to Different P Rates at Gyoe Phyu, Taikkyi ..........