Two new arthronotic mites from the South of Spain (Oribatida, Cosmochthoniidae), with a new subgenus and species of Cosmochthonius and one new species of Phyllozetes J. Jorrin To cite this version: J. Jorrin. Two new arthronotic mites from the South of Spain (Oribatida, Cosmochthoniidae), with a new subgenus and species of Cosmochthonius and one new species of Phyllozetes. Acarologia, Acarologia, 2014, 54 (2), pp.183-191. 10.1051/acarologia/20142126. hal-01565276 HAL Id: hal-01565276 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01565276 Submitted on 19 Jul 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. 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Acarologia 54(2): 183–191 (2014) DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20142126 TWO NEW ARTHRONOTIC MITES FROM THE SOUTH OF SPAIN (ORIBATIDA, COSMOCHTHONIIDAE), WITH A NEW SUBGENUS AND SPECIES OF COSMOCHTHONIUS AND ONE NEW SPECIES OF PHYLLOZETES Juan JORRIN (Received 06 November 2013; accepted 08 January 2014; published online 30 June 2014) Entomology Laboratory, IFAPA Center Alameda del Obispo; Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14080-Córdoba, Spain. [email protected] ABSTRACT — This work describes two new species of cosmochthoniids, including a new subgenus, originating from an olive grove in the South of the Iberian Peninsula: Cosmochthonius (Nortonchthonius) oblongisetosus n. subgen. and n. sp. and Phyllozetes subiasi n. sp. Within the genus Cosmochthonius, the original and substantial modification of some posterior hysterosomal setae characterizes the new subgenus C. (Nortonchthonius). Within Phyllozetes, the erectile setae with strong dorsal and marginal spines are the specific character of P. subiasi n. sp. KEYWORDS — Oribatida; Cosmochthoniidae; new subgenus; new species; Iberian Peninsula INTRODUCTION (Sellnick, 1928; Van der Hammen, 1959; Wallwork, 1960; Gordeeva, 1980; Lee, 1982; Ayyildiz and Lux- Michael (1885, p. 396, figure 11) described ton, 1990), and with two pairs of setae linked to Hypochthonius lanatus as follows: "the segments are the first notogastral furrow (Willmann, 1931: Fig- capable of a certain amount of telescopic extension ure 28) and with four setae in segment, accord- and retraction, and in connection with this, it has ing with the dorsonotal chaetotaxy of the family a power of erecting the spines on its back (which (Grandjean, 1947). Grandjean (1947: p. 224, fig- are usually horizontal) as a porcupine does". Pre- ure 1C) includes within the family the oribatids of viously he remarks on "the division of the noto- his major group Enarthronota, with four notogas- gaster into four segments". Michael represents the tral segments and with type-E scissures like in Hap- habitus as monodactyl, and with four pairs of se- lochthonius Willmann, or the more differentiated tae on the second abdominal row. Subsequently, type-S with intercalary sclerites that carry the erec- Michael defines the generic dactylism: "The claws tile setae like in Cosmochthonius plus Heterochthonius are monodactyl in all known species (Michael, 1888: (Berlese 1910). In 1953, Grandjean considering the p. 532)". In 1910, Berlese (p. 221) created Cos- heterogeneity of the family, separated Heterochtho- mochthonius from Michael’s type and includes in nius and subsequently, Van der Hammen (1959) had the subgenus C. (Cosmochthonius) his new species excluded the species with the Haplochthonius type. Cosmochthonius plumatus and Cosmochthonius em- Hammer (1961) creates Trichthonius type species mae. The genus is recognized as polydactylous http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ 183 ISSN 0044-586-X (print). ISSN 2107-7207 (electronic) Jorrin J. Cosmochthonius pulcherrimus, that exhibits the first Spain there are 14/33 of the total species of Cos- weak and incomplete notogastral furrow, distinct mochthonius with 5 endemics, 3/8 from Phyllozetes from the original type of Grandjean. Gordeeva and 1/2 from Krivolutskiella. (1980) includes in the family the genera Trichthonius, This descriptive work is part of a study begun Phyllozetes Gordeeva, 1978 type species Phyllozetes in 2012 on the oribatids diversity associated with emmae (Berlese, 1910) and the new genera Krivo- the olive grove in a middle mountain habitat, in a lutskiella, Nipponiella and Gozmanyina Balogh and transitional zone between the Subbetic Mountains Mahunka, 1983 (sin. Marshallia Gordeeva, 1980). In and the Guadalquivir River Valley (Southern of the Gordeeva’s key, the family was divided into two Iberian Peninsule). morphological groups: i) the Cosmochthonius type polydactyl group with Phyllozetes and Krivolutskiella and ii) the monodactyl group with three Trichtho- MATERIALS AND METHODS nius type notogastral segments with Nipponiella and The samples were taken on May 23rd 2012, from Gozmanyina. This author also indicates that the scle- a limo-calcareous soil with xeric humidity lev- rotization and the ventral chaetotaxy are homoge- els, typic Xerorthent (Soil Survey Staff, 2010), at neous features between Cosmochthonius and Phyl- a depth of 0-7.5 cm, below olive trees Olea eu- lozetes. ropaea L., ’la Mina’ agricultural land, IFAPA Cen- In accordance with the meaning of the family ter in Cabra (Córdoba, Spain; N 37º30.250’, W composition of Van der Hammen (op. cit.), Lee 4º26.261’; altitude 547 m.). The mites were ex- (1982) separates the monodactyl group in his Co- tracted using the Berlese Tullgren-method, collected hort Retrofissurae, keeping the Profissurae poly- in ethanol PG solution (Ethanol-Propylene glycol dactyl group with the type family category within (1.2-Propanediol)-AD, 80-10-10), they were rinsed the Cosmochthonioidea Grandjean, 1947. In the off and, described and drawn from lactic prepara- same previous meaning, Norton et al. (1983), based tions for microscopic examination. All the material on the Cosmochthonius reticulatus type fenestrated is deposited into vials with a PG solution in the En- rostrum (Grandjean, 1962: Figure 3A) and the ab- tomology Lab, IFAPA center in Alameda del Obispo sence of other synapomorphies, gives to the poly- in Córdoba, Spain. dactyl group the same ancestral family status sepa- The nomenclature and abbreviations of the hys- rated within the superfamily. terosomal segments, the notogastral plaques, and The cosmochthoniids sensu Lee and Norton et the hysterosomal chaetotaxy follow the terminol- al. (op. cit.) live in warm and dry environments. ogy of Grandjean (1939: Figure 4; 1947: Figure 1). Cosmochthonius and Phyllozetes can be found in the hot upper layers of the soil beneath xerophytic veg- New Species of Cosmochthoniidae Grandjean, etation (Gordeeva, 1980). This latter author also in- 1947 dicates that under these conditions, the adaptive mechanisms are the small body dimensions and Genus Cosmochthonius Berlese, 1910 that in the case of Phyllozetes, the large and foliar Diagnosis — Oribatid mites, archoribatids, notochaetae could reduce the loss of water through arthronotics, and holoids sensu Balogh and the body’s surface. Mahunka (1979); belonging to Enarthronota Consulting the catalogs of oribatids, Global (Grandjean, 1947, 1953: 428, 1969: 141). Cos- of Subías (2013), Mediterranean (Subías and Gil- mochthoniids with the original Hypochthonius lana- Martín, 1997; Penttinen and Gordeeva, 2010; Subías tus type (Michael, 1885: 396), with the fenestrated and Shtanchaeva, 2012b) and Iberian (Subías and rostral tectum (Grandjean, 1962; Norton et al., 1983) Shtanchaeva, 2012a) and in accordance with hy- and without prodorsal spots or eyes (Grandjean, potheses of Gordeeva (1980), the polydactyl group 1953); notogaster orthotrichous with four com- is common in the Mediterranean ecozone and, in pletely divided segments, with setae in the d-series 184 Acarologia 54(2): 183–191 (2014) linked to the first type-E scissure, pectiniform, non- Cosmochthonius (Nortonchthonius) foliate setae from the e and f -series, without pecti- oblongisetosus n. sp.