THE OOMPO UNDING OF ENGLISH WORDS WHEN AND WHY JOINING OR SEPARATION IS PREFERABLE WIT H CONOISE RULES AND ALPHABETICAL LIS TS BY F. HORACE TEALL NEW YOR" JO HN IRELAND 1197 BRO ADWAY AUTH RS PR NT ER TEACH ERS TELEGRAP HEn O , I S , , s, STEN GRAPHERS T PE -WR T ERS AND ALL O , Y I , WHO CARE FO R THE CO RRECT WR TIN O F EN L SH I G G I , THIS FIRS T SYST EMATIC ATT EMPT TO DIS ENT ANGLE THE PERPLE"ITIES O F ENGLISH COMPO UNDING IS E TFULLY DED AT ED RESP C IC . P RE FACE . FO R nearly five years I have d evoted m ost of my available tim e to the study of En glish in regard to the com oun din of words and earl disco ered p g , y v that all the rules heretofore prom ulgated are prae tical alueless m ainl becau se the are not based lyv , y y u n n r l n h ic rin Th sub ec po a y ea sy t et p ciples. e j t has apparently been regarded as of slight im ortance thou h som e of the m an wr ters who p , g y i have touched upon it have perceived a need of a m ore careful investigation than has yet been m e Dr William nc F l r in ad . hu s . Chau e ow e T , y , “ ” his n lish in its lem ents and Form s a ram E g E , g “ m ar for colle e stud en ts sa s : Com ound or g , y p w ds in n lish as distin u shed rom d eri at es ha e E g , g i f v iv , v rece ed com arati el bu t l ttle attention et iv p v y i y , rom the reat ariet of the com onen t arts f g v y p p , and the different relations in which they stand o each other it is e iden t that these w r t , v o ds ” de erve a m ore minute in s i ion s ve t gat . M ohn Wilson in hi s Tr i n n l sh r. eat se o J , E g i unctu ation i es the matter m ore detail ed c n P , g v o 6 PREFACE . Dr F l id hi Sidera on than . ow er d et s conclud n ti , y i g paragraph is as follows “ For further i nform ation on this difli cult su ect the bj , . ’ reader is referred to Mr. oold Brown s invalua le wor G b k, efore u oted from w ic w ile ven turin in som e re b q ; h h , h g s ec ts to difi er i n O inion we a ve d erived n ot a li ttl e p p , h assistan c e a s to the n a ture of c om ou nds an d the form s in p , ic ould be resente d Bu t th u is n t wh h they Sh p . e s bjec t o e au sted and he who wit the sc olars i and ind ustr xh ; , h h h p y of t a t entlem an will d evote hi mself to the c lassification h g , of all the c om ound s in the l an ua e would erform a ood p g g , p g se rvic e to a bran c h of literat ure whic h has been sadly ” n eglected . That principles exist upon which a classification of all n ecessary compou nds m ay be based can hardl be doubted an it i m firm con iction y . d s y v that an acc urate exposition of them mu st afford a clearer understandin g of the subj ect than any on e now has. ha e attem d such an e os tion I v pte xp i , ac om an in it wi h r a n ill r ion s to c p y g t ules d ust at , the best of m abil t but as the attem t is the y i y ; , p first of its kind it is n ot unlikel that som e m odifi , y m er cation s and additions will be necessary . I p eet as the treatise ma be und howe er am f y fo , v , I confiden t tha t it affords a better guide to approx im ate consistency than do scattered references in PR EFACE . 7 gramm ars or mere chapters in books on pu ne tu ation wh ch u ntil now ha e been the onl , i v y sources of in orm ation so far as can ascerta n . f , I i The term s given in the lists are selected with a iew to ractical u til t e en if the u ser does not v p i y, v a l r dopt al of their fo ms. Many words which are really compou nd s find no lace in this treatise merel becau se thev are p , y compou nded of foreign el em ents not separately u in n l h T e discu ssion is en r l n sed E g is . h ti e y co fined to the qu estion whether certain pairs of English words should be written separately or oined in orm and if oin ed whether he com j f , j t poundi ng shou ld be don e with or without the n hyphe . In lan nin the essa decided tha he p g y, I t t best result could be attained by making it m eet a prae tical need of som e one large class of workers in lan u a e and ha e selected r nters a g g , I v p i s the persons whose work m ost largely dem ands efficient ui n ha e accordin l endea re o g da ce . I v g y vo d t give the results of my study in the way best adapted he u s ri n r to t e of p te s. Proof-readers m ay save them selves m uch annoy ance by perusing the lists and checking form s for ado tion or re ection as best suit h i p j , s t e r cou ve P 8 REFACE. nience if the whole select o is a r e I , i n not pp ov d . t will certainly be advantageous to have a record of the orms to be u sed and t i m u ch ea i r f , i s s e to revise and chan ge a record already made than it is to m a ke a new one . Compositors would undoubtedly be benefited by having such a work in which to check the style of an certain offi ce as asc rt ned e en if th y , e ai , v e proof-reader does n ot make the full record for them ; an d the checkin g might be changed to suit her offic es w th a differen ho ot i t met d . Printers do not con stitute the only large class f ersons to be benefited such a record o p by . I h nk the oll ow n rom a o m unicat on t i f i g, f c m i to the “ ” n l sh Notes and uer es afford s e de ce E g i " i , vi n that the m atter is of direct economical impor tance in connection with telegraphin g Som e tim e ago I had a. practical difficul ty with regard to u nd ord I wan d order a utter- n ife the se "c ompo w s]. te to b k wire and the com ou nd word as ar ed as two words. by , p w ch g In answer to an e ostul ation I wa s inform ed t a t n word xp , h o ’ ’ not foun d in Nu ttall s or Webster s Dictionary is accepted f c e a in l cordin o t s rul e by the P ost O fi s a S g e word. Ac g t hi ttmzkn c is n ot one w ord t o b tter- rint is ba rn bu if , h ugh u p ; - or is one house door is or are wo . T is se em som e do , , , t h s t r itrar . Some c om ound are e ainl n essar wha a b y p s c rt y ec y. Thu s in Lanca shire brea d-10af is di stin guished from bun-loaf PREFACE . 9 - - and lum loa . P lum loa the wa is n ot in the die p f f, by y, - tionarie s but lum ca ke is. I can onl su ose the reason , p y pp to be that the n atural te nde ncy to m ultiply such c om pounds woul d soon swamp the di c tion aries were n ot a line ‘ r w But w er l T t re ntl de en ds d awn som e here .