<p><strong>REGIONAL ANALYTICAL </strong><br><strong>REPORT </strong></p><p>UPPER EAST REGION </p><p><strong>Ghana Statistical Service </strong><br><strong>June, 2013 </strong></p><p><strong>Copyright © 2013 Ghana Statistical Service </strong></p><p>Prepared by: <br>ZMK Batse Festus Manu John K. Anarfi </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Edited by: </li><li style="flex:1">Samuel K. Gaisie </li></ul><p>Chief Editor:&nbsp;Tom K.B. Kumekpor </p><p>ii </p><p><strong>PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT </strong></p><p>There cannot be any meaningful developmental activity without taking into account the characteristics of the population for whom the activity is targeted. The size of the population and its spatial distribution, growth and change over time, and socio-economic characteristics are all important in development planning. The Kilimanjaro Programme of Action on Population adopted by African countries in 1984 stressed the need for population to be considered as a key factor in the formulation of development strategies and plans. </p><p>A population census is the most important source of data on the population in a country. It provides information on the size, composition, growth and distribution of the population at the national and sub-national levels. Data from the 2010 Population and Housing Census (PHC) will serve as reference for equitable distribution of resources, government services and the allocation of government funds among various regions and districts for education, health and other social services. </p><p>The Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) is delighted to provide data users with an analytical report on the 2010 PHC at the regional level to facilitate planning and decision-making. This follows the publication of the National Analytical Report in May, 2013 which contained information on the 2010 PHC at the national level with regional comparisons. Conclusions and recommendations from these reports are expected to serve as a basis for improving the quality of life of Ghanaians through evidence-based policy formulation, planning, monitoring and evaluation of developmental goals and intervention programs. </p><p>The Regional Analytical Report for the Upper East Region is one of ten regional reports aimed at making data available to planners and decision makers at the regional and district levels. In addition to presenting district profiles, the report also discusses the social and economic dimensions of demographic variables. </p><p>For ease of accessibility of the census data, the regional reports and other census reports produced by the GSS will be disseminated widely in both print and electronic formats, <a href="/goto?url=http://www.statsghana.gov.gh" target="_blank">including posting on the GSS website: www.statsghana.gov.gh. </a></p><p>The GSS wishes to express its profound gratitude to the Government of Ghana for providing the required resources for the conduct of the 2010 PHC. We also appreciate the contribution of our Development Partners (DPs) towards the successful implementation of the Census. Special mention must be made of the European Union (EU) and the Department for International Development (DFID) for providing resources for the preparation of the report, the World Bank for managing the resources and the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) for the lead role it played in mobilizing resources from the UN System and from other DPs for the 2010 PHC. </p><p>Finally, we wish to thank all households and individuals in Ghana who contributed to the success of the 2010 Population and Housing Census. </p><p><strong>Dr. Philomena Nyarko Government Statistician </strong></p><p>iii </p><p><strong>TABLE OF CONTENTS </strong></p><p><a href="#3_0"><strong>PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................iii </strong></a><a href="#6_0"><strong>LIST OF TABLE</strong></a><a href="#6_0"><strong>S</strong></a><a href="#6_0"><strong>.</strong></a><a href="#6_0"><strong>.................................................................................................................vi </strong></a><a href="#9_0"><strong>LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................ix </strong></a><a href="#10_0"><strong>ACRONYM</strong></a><a href="#10_0"><strong>S</strong></a><a href="#10_0"><strong>.</strong></a><a href="#10_0"><strong>...........................................................................................................................x </strong></a><a href="#12_0"><strong>CHAPTER ONE:</strong></a><a href="#12_0"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#12_0"><strong>INTRODUCTIO</strong></a><a href="#12_0"><strong>N</strong></a><a href="#12_0"><strong>.</strong></a><a href="#12_0"><strong>..................................................................................1 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#12_1">1.0 Introductio</a><a href="#12_1">n</a><a href="#12_1">.</a><a href="#12_1">................................................................................................................1 </a><a href="#12_2">1.1 Background</a><a href="#12_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#12_2">of the Region...........................................................................................1 </a><a href="#12_3">1.2 Physical</a><a href="#12_3">&nbsp;</a><a href="#12_3">Features.........................................................................................................1 </a><a href="#13_0">1.3 Political</a><a href="#13_0">&nbsp;</a><a href="#13_0">and Administrative Structure ........................................................................2 </a><a href="#15_0">1.4 Social</a><a href="#15_0">&nbsp;</a><a href="#15_0">Structure ...........................................................................................................4 </a><a href="#15_1">1.5 Economic</a><a href="#15_1">&nbsp;</a><a href="#15_1">and Living Conditions................................................................................4 </a><a href="#19_0">1.6 Demographics..............................................................................................................8 </a><a href="#19_1">1.7 Organization</a><a href="#19_1">&nbsp;</a><a href="#19_1">of the Report..........................................................................................8 </a></p><p><a href="#20_0"><strong>CHAPTER TWO:</strong></a><a href="#20_0"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#20_0"><strong>CENSUS METHODOLOG</strong></a><a href="#20_0"><strong>Y</strong></a><a href="#20_0"><strong>.</strong></a><a href="#20_0"><strong>...............................................................9 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#20_1">2.1 Introductio</a><a href="#20_1">n</a><a href="#20_1">.</a><a href="#20_1">................................................................................................................9 </a><a href="#20_2">2.2 Pre-Enumeration</a><a href="#20_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#20_2">Activitie</a><a href="#20_2">s</a><a href="#20_2">.</a><a href="#20_2">........................................................................................9 </a><a href="#0_0">2.3 Census</a><a href="#0_0">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_0">Enumeration..................................................................................................15 </a><a href="#0_1">2.4 Post</a><a href="#0_1">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_1">Enumeration Surve</a><a href="#0_1">y</a><a href="#0_1">.</a><a href="#0_1">.........................................................................................16 </a><a href="#0_2">2.5 Lessons</a><a href="#0_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_2">learnt and Challenges ..................................................................................17 </a><a href="#0_3">2.6 Summary</a><a href="#0_3">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_3">and Recommendations..............................................................................18 </a><a href="#0_4">2.7 Concepts</a><a href="#0_4">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_4">and Definitions ..........................................................................................19 </a></p><p><a href="#0_2"><strong>CHAPTER THREE:</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>POPULATION SIZE, COMPOSITION AND AGE-SEX </strong></a><br><a href="#0_5"><strong>STRUCTURE...................................................................................25 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_6">3.1 Introductio</a><a href="#0_6">n</a><a href="#0_6">.</a><a href="#0_6">..............................................................................................................25 </a><a href="#0_7">3.2 Population</a><a href="#0_7">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_7">Size and Growth......................................................................................25 </a><a href="#0_8">3.3 Age</a><a href="#0_8">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_8">and Sex Structure...............................................................................................27 </a><a href="#0_9">3.4 Nationality</a><a href="#0_9">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_9">and Birth Place .......................................................................................32 </a><a href="#0_10">3.5 Ethnicity</a><a href="#0_10">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_10">....................................................................................................................34 </a><a href="#0_11">3.6 Religious</a><a href="#0_11">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_11">Affiliation..................................................................................................35 </a></p><p><a href="#0_2"><strong>CHAPTER FOUR:</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>HOUSEHOLD SIZE, STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION........36 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_12">4.1 Introductio</a><a href="#0_12">n</a><a href="#0_12">.</a><a href="#0_12">..............................................................................................................36 </a><a href="#0_13">4.2 Household</a><a href="#0_13">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_13">Headship .................................................................................................36 </a><a href="#0_14">4.3 Household</a><a href="#0_14">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_14">Size..........................................................................................................37 </a><a href="#0_15">4.4 Household</a><a href="#0_15">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_15">Structure..................................................................................................39 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER FIVE:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>MARITAL CHARACTERISTICS.....................................................43 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_17">5.1 Introductio</a><a href="#0_17">n</a><a href="#0_17">.</a><a href="#0_17">..............................................................................................................43 </a><a href="#0_18">5.2 Marital</a><a href="#0_18">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_18">Status ............................................................................................................43 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER SIX:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ......52 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_19">6.1 Introductio</a><a href="#0_19">n</a><a href="#0_19">.</a><a href="#0_19">..............................................................................................................52 </a><a href="#0_20">6.2 Individual</a><a href="#0_20">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_20">Ownership of Mobile Phones 12 years and Older ...................................52 </a></p><p><a href="#0_2"><strong>CHAPTER SEVEN:</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>EDUCATION AND LITERAC</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>Y</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>.</strong></a><a href="#0_2"><strong>...................................................64 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_21">7.1 Introductio</a><a href="#0_21">n</a><a href="#0_21">.</a><a href="#0_21">..............................................................................................................64 </a><a href="#0_2">7.2 Literacy......................................................................................................................65 </a><a href="#0_2">7.3 School</a><a href="#0_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_2">Attendance.....................................................................................................70 </a><a href="#0_22">7.4 Educational</a><a href="#0_22">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_22">Attainment of Employed Persons 15 years and Older by Sex and </a><br><a href="#0_23">Economic Characteristics...........................................................................................78 </a></p><p>iv </p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER EIGHT:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>FERTILITY, MORTALITY AND MIGRATION ........................82 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_17">8.1 Introductio</a><a href="#0_17">n</a><a href="#0_17">.</a><a href="#0_17">..............................................................................................................82 </a><a href="#0_24">8.2 Fertilit</a><a href="#0_24">y</a><a href="#0_24">.</a><a href="#0_24">.....................................................................................................................82 </a><a href="#0_25">8.3 Mortality....................................................................................................................87 </a><a href="#0_26">8.4 Migration</a><a href="#0_26">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_26">and Urbanization ......................................................................................96 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER NINE:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS...............................................109 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_27">9.1 Introductio</a><a href="#0_27">n</a><a href="#0_27">.</a><a href="#0_27">............................................................................................................109 </a><a href="#0_28">9.2 Economic</a><a href="#0_28">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_28">Activity Status........................................................................................109 </a></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><a href="#0_29">9.3 </a></li><li style="flex:1"><a href="#0_29">Employed Populatio</a><a href="#0_29">n</a><a href="#0_29">.</a><a href="#0_29">............................................................................................112 </a></li></ul><p><a href="#0_16">9.4 Unemployed</a><a href="#0_16">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_16">Population..........................................................................................114 </a><a href="#0_30">9.5 Economically</a><a href="#0_30">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_30">Not Active Population......................................................................115 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER 10:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>DISABILIT</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>Y</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>.</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>...........................................................................................118 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_31">10.1 </a><a href="#0_32">10.2 </a><a href="#0_16">10.3 </a><a href="#0_23">10.4 </a><a href="#0_33">10.5 </a><br><a href="#0_31">Introduction .........................................................................................................118 </a><a href="#0_32">Distribution of Population with Disability ..........................................................118 </a><a href="#0_16">Marital Status.......................................................................................................122 </a><a href="#0_23">Education and Literacy........................................................................................122 </a><a href="#0_33">Types of Disability ..............................................................................................125 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER ELEVEN:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY .................................................130 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_34">11.1 </a><a href="#0_35">11.2 </a><a href="#0_36">11.3 </a><br><a href="#0_34">Introduction .........................................................................................................130 </a><a href="#0_35">Households in Agriculture...................................................................................130 </a><a href="#0_36">Farming Activitie</a><a href="#0_36">s</a><a href="#0_36">.</a><a href="#0_36">..............................................................................................132 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER TWELVE:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>HOUSING CONDITIONS ........................................................138 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_37">12.1 </a><a href="#0_38">12.2 </a><a href="#0_39">12.3 </a><a href="#0_40">12.4 </a><a href="#0_41">12.5 </a><a href="#0_16">12.6 </a><a href="#0_16">12.7 </a><a href="#0_42">12.8 </a><a href="#0_16">12.9 </a><br><a href="#0_37">Introduction .........................................................................................................138 </a><a href="#0_38">Housing Stock......................................................................................................138 </a><a href="#0_39">Type of Dwelling and Construction Materials ....................................................139 </a><a href="#0_40">Room Occupancy ................................................................................................142 </a><a href="#0_41">Holding and Tenancy...........................................................................................146 </a><a href="#0_16">Lighting and Cooking Facilities ..........................................................................149 </a><a href="#0_16">Bathing and Toilet Facilities................................................................................154 </a><a href="#0_42">Waste Disposal ....................................................................................................157 </a><a href="#0_16">Source of Wate</a><a href="#0_16">r</a><a href="#0_16">.</a><a href="#0_16">..................................................................................................160 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>CHAPTER THIRTEEN:</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND </strong></a><br><a href="#0_43"><strong>POLICY IMPLICATIONS....................................................167 </strong></a></p><p><a href="#0_44">13.1 </a><a href="#0_45">13.2 </a><a href="#0_46">13.3 </a><a href="#0_47">13.4 </a><a href="#0_48">13.5 </a><a href="#0_49">13.6 </a><a href="#0_48">13.7 </a><a href="#0_50">13.8 </a><a href="#0_51">13.9 </a><br><a href="#0_44">Introduction .........................................................................................................167 </a><a href="#0_45">Census Methodolog</a><a href="#0_45">y</a><a href="#0_45">.</a><a href="#0_45">..........................................................................................167 </a><a href="#0_46">Demographic Characteristics...............................................................................168 </a><a href="#0_47">Social Characteristics ..........................................................................................170 </a><a href="#0_48">Economic characteristics .....................................................................................178 </a><a href="#0_49">Agricultural activity.............................................................................................180 </a><a href="#0_48">Housing Condition and Facilities ........................................................................182 </a><a href="#0_50">Conclusions .........................................................................................................188 </a><a href="#0_51">Policy implications ..............................................................................................189 </a><br><a href="#0_52">13.10 Interventions</a><a href="#0_52">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_52">........................................................................................................191 </a></p><p><a href="#0_16"><strong>REFERENC</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>E</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>.</strong></a><a href="#0_16"><strong>......................................................................................................................194 </strong></a></p><p>v</p><p><strong>LIST OF TABLES </strong></p><p><a href="#0_53">Table 3.1:</a><a href="#0_53">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_53">Regional Population Indices 1960-2010..............................................................25 </a><a href="#0_54">Table 3.2:</a><a href="#0_54">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_54">Population by distric</a><a href="#0_54">t</a><a href="#0_54">.</a><a href="#0_54">..........................................................................................26 </a><a href="#0_55">Table 3.3:</a><a href="#0_55">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_55">Urban and rural distribution by district ...............................................................27 </a><a href="#0_2">Table 3.4:</a><a href="#0_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_2">Age structure (5 year-age groups) of population.................................................28 </a><a href="#0_2">Table 3.5:</a><a href="#0_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_2">Age Structure by age group and district ..............................................................29 </a><a href="#0_56">Table 3.6:</a><a href="#0_56">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_56">Dependent, working population and dependency ratio by districts.....................30 </a><a href="#0_9">Table 3.7:</a><a href="#0_9">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_9">Population by sex and sex ratio ...........................................................................31 </a><a href="#0_57">Table 3.8:</a><a href="#0_57">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_57">Sex ratio by age: total countr</a><a href="#0_57">y</a><a href="#0_57">.</a><a href="#0_57">............................................................................32 </a><a href="#0_2">Table 3.9:</a><a href="#0_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_2">Population by nationality and distric</a><a href="#0_2">t</a><a href="#0_2">.</a><a href="#0_2">.................................................................33 </a><a href="#0_58">Table 3.10:</a><a href="#0_58">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_58">Population by place of birth and place of enumeration by distric</a><a href="#0_58">t</a><a href="#0_58">.</a><a href="#0_58">.....................34 </a><a href="#0_59">Table 3.11:</a><a href="#0_59">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_59">Major ethnic groups by district............................................................................34 </a><a href="#0_49">Table 3.12:</a><a href="#0_49">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_49">Percentage distribution of religious affiliation by district ...................................35 </a><a href="#0_2">Table 4.1:</a><a href="#0_2">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_2">Household headship by five year age group, type of locality and sex of head....37 </a><a href="#0_60">Table 4.2:</a><a href="#0_60">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_60">Population, number of households, average household size by district and </a><a href="#0_61">type of locality .....................................................................................................38 </a><br><a href="#0_40">Table 4.3:</a><a href="#0_40">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_40">Distribution of household size by distric</a><a href="#0_40">t</a><a href="#0_40">.</a><a href="#0_40">...........................................................39 </a><a href="#0_62">Table 4.4:</a><a href="#0_62">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_62">Household structure by age group .......................................................................40 </a><a href="#0_60">Table 4.5:</a><a href="#0_60">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_60">Household composition by District and type of locality .....................................41 </a><a href="#0_63">Table 5.1:</a><a href="#0_63">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_63">Distribution of Population 12 years and older by martial status and sex </a><a href="#0_64">by district .............................................................................................................44 </a><br><a href="#0_16">Table 5.2:</a><a href="#0_16">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_16">Distribution of population 12 years and older by martial status and locality of </a><a href="#0_65">residence: districts...............................................................................................46 </a><br><a href="#0_66">Table 5.3(a):Distribution of population by marital status and age ..........................................47 </a><a href="#0_67">Table 5.3(b):Distribution of population by marital status and age ..........................................48 </a><a href="#0_16">Table 5.3(c):Distribution of population by marital status and age ..........................................49 </a><a href="#0_16">Table 5.4:</a><a href="#0_16">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_16">Distribution of population 12 and older by martial status and religious </a><a href="#0_65">affiliation.............................................................................................................50 </a><br><a href="#0_68">Table 5.5:</a><a href="#0_68">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_68">Distribution of population 12 and older by martial status and level of </a><a href="#0_69">educatio</a><a href="#0_69">n</a><a href="#0_69">.</a><a href="#0_69">............................................................................................................50 </a><br><a href="#0_70">Table 5.6:</a><a href="#0_70">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_70">Distribution of population aged 12 years and older by martial status and </a><a href="#0_71">activity status ......................................................................................................51 </a><br><a href="#0_16">Table 6.1:</a><a href="#0_16">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_16">Distribution of population 12 years and older having mobile phones by district </a><a href="#0_65">and sex .................................................................................................................53 </a><br><a href="#0_60">Table 6.2:</a><a href="#0_60">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_60">Population 12 years and older having mobile phones .........................................54 </a><a href="#0_72">Table 6.3:</a><a href="#0_72">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_72">Population 12 years and older having mobile phones by district and type of </a><a href="#0_73">locality of residence, ............................................................................................55 </a><br><a href="#0_60">Table 6.4:</a><a href="#0_60">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_60">Percentage distribution of population 12 years and older having mobile phones </a><a href="#0_74">by age group and sex............................................................................................57 </a><br><a href="#0_60">Table 6.5:</a><a href="#0_60">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_60">Population 12 years and older having mobile phone by education levels and sex </a><a href="#0_60">..................................................................................................................................................58 </a><a href="#0_75">Table 6.6:</a><a href="#0_75">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_75">Distribution of population 12 years and older using internet facilities by </a><a href="#0_76">district and sex .....................................................................................................59 </a><br><a href="#0_27">Table 6.7:</a><a href="#0_27">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_27">Distribution of population 12 years and older using internet by district and </a><a href="#0_77">type of locality ....................................................................................................60 </a><br><a href="#0_60">Table 6.8:</a><a href="#0_60">&nbsp;</a><a href="#0_60">Distribution of population 12 years and older using internet by age group </a><a href="#0_78">and sex .................................................................................................................61 </a></p>