Investing In Our Transport Future: A Strategic Framework for Investment in Land Transport Background Paper Seventeen Regional Breakdown of Road Expenditure Issued by: Economic and Financial Evaluation Unit Department Of Transport, Tourism and Sport Leeson Lane Dublin 2 Ireland Research Note Regional Breakdown of Road Expenditure This research note serves as a regional analysis of expenditure on the Irish road system. It details spending per km and per capita for each county. It also introduces similar research carried out by Edgar Morgenroth at the ESRI. This analysis is provided in a series of figures below with all corresponding data listed in annex 2. 1. Work Done by EFEU 1.1 National Road Expenditure 2000-2014 The county breakdown of national road expenditure is detailed in figure 1. The analysis reveals that Dublin received the highest level of funding with Kildare in second place. The main drivers behind this trend were the higher cost of road projects in urban areas, the strategic nature of the road network in this area and the growing car demand that occurred in the Greater Dublin Area. For example, a number of major projects were completed in Dublin, Kildare, Kilkenny, Meath and Westmeath including the M50 motorway and upgrade, M1 and N7 road widening, the M4 bypass (PPP), the construction of the N6 between Kinnegad and Athlone and the N2 between Ashbourne and the M50. Figure 2 reveals the county distribution of the 2014 allocation for national roads. Counties such as Galway, Mayo, Roscommon and Wexford feature highly with relatively large allocations for 2014 due to on-going projects. PPP payments for the N6 between Athlone and Ballinasloe and planning costs for a number of projects including the N6 Galway City Bypass, N18/N17 Gort to Tuam PPP scheme and the N59 Moycullen Bypass are all examples of major projects which have contributed to the higher expenditure level in Galway. Mayo, Roscommon and Wexford also had significant projects in 2014 which contributed to their increased levels of allocation. Figure 1 National Road Expenditure: 2000-2013 3,000 2,500 Millions 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Cork Sligo Laois Clare Kerry Mayo Louth Offaly Cavan Dublin Meath Kildare Carlow Leitrim Galway Donegal Limerick Kilkenny Wicklow Wexford Longford Tipperary Waterford Monaghan Westmeath Roscommon Figure 3 projects within a needs and county. higher levels of funding. The expenditure level for any one expenditure year with is certain dri counties, including Wexford, Roscommon and Galway, receiving GDA. Figure 4 shows that for the 2014 allocation there is a relatively nature of theeven roads for distribution the national economy of and the swell in car demand witnessed before, the main drivers of this were the extra cost of projects in urban areas, the strategic expenditure in national roads. Between 2000 and 2013 the amount spent per Km in Dublin far outstripped Figures 3 and 4 detail a per Km analysis which shows how much counties spent per Km on Figure 2 Millions Millions 10 12 14 16 18 20 10 15 20 25 - 2 4 6 8 0 5 National Road Expenditure Per Km: 2000 Km: Per Expenditure Road National Carlow Carlow 2014 Allocation Expenditure: Road National Cavan other counties with Kildare also having a relatively high level. As mentioned Cavan Clare Clare Cork Cork Donegal Donegal Dublin Dublin Galway Galway Kerry Kerry Kildare Kildare Kilkenny Kilkenny Laois Laois Leitrim Leitrim Limerick Limerick Longford Longford Louth Louth Mayo Mayo Meath Meath Monaghan Monaghan Offaly Offaly Roscommon Roscommon ven ven by the current - Sligo 2013 Sligo Tipperary Tipperary Waterford Waterford Westmeath Westmeath Wexford in the Wexford Wicklow Wicklow Figure 5 hub. its as economic role an key km basis, this is justified by its much larger population with that listed above, shows that while Dublin receives a high level construction of key strategic routes in these less populated regionally spread allocation areas. with Kilkenny and Westmeath receiving higher levels due This to the analysis, coupled a populations. m much reveals for countyThe analysis data census performed 2011 using Figures 5 and 6 detail a per capita analysis of national road expenditure. This analysis is Figure 4 10,000 12,000 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 Thousands - 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 - Carlow National Road Expenditure Per Capita: 2000 Capita: Per Expenditure Road National Carlow Cavan Cavan 2014 Km: Per Expenditure Road National Clare Clare Cork Cork Donegal Donegal Dublin Dublin Galway Galway Kerry Kerry Kildare Kildare Allocation Kilkenny Kilkenny Laois 2013 Laois Leitrim Leitrim Limerick Limerick Longford Longford - Louth which drives increase demand Louth Mayo Mayo Meath Meath Monaghan Monaghan Offaly of expenditure on a per Offaly Roscommon Roscommon Sligo Sligo Tipperary Tipperary - Waterford Waterford Westmeath Westmeath - Wexford Wexford and ore ore Wicklow Wicklow Figure 7 above. the factors by outlined this driven and is of funding the main recipients county breakdown of the 2014 R&L road expenditure allocation. Again, Cork and Dublin are nature of these roads This is mainly driven by the length of the road network in these counties and the strategic presented in Figure 7. Dublin and Cork stand out as the highest recipients of expenditure. The county breakdown of regio 2000 Expenditure Road 1.2and Local Regional Figure 6 100 150 200 250 300 50 - Millions 1,000 1,200 1,400 200 400 600 800 - Carlow Cavan 2014 Capita: Per Expenditure Road National Carlow Clare Cavan Cork Clare 2000 Expenditure: Road R&L Donegal Cork for national, regional and local economies. Figure 8 displays the Dublin Donegal Galway Dublin Kerry Galway nal and local expenditure between 2000 and 2013 is Kerry Kildare Kildare Kilkenny Allocation Kilkenny Laois Laois Leitrim - Leitrim 2014 Limerick Limerick Longford Longford Louth Louth Mayo Mayo Meath Meath - Monaghan Monaghan 2013 Offaly Offaly Roscommon Roscommon Sligo Sligo Tipperary Tipperary Waterford Waterford Westmeath Westmeath Wexford Wexford Wicklow Wicklow Figure 9 urba and demand use, of road level the network higher and other counties. Again, this is driven by that the in 2014 strategic the allocation nature was relatively of flat with Dublin this and Kildare section receiving more of than exception of Dublin and the Kildare which received a higher road per Km allocation. Between 2000 and 2013 we see on on the per Km Figures roads inbasis. R&L and of expenditure a display 10 9 counties level a relatively flat distribution across counties with the Figure 8 Thousands Millions 100 150 200 250 300 350 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 - 50 - Carlow Carlow 2000 Km: Per Expenditure Road R&L Cavan Cavan 2014 Allocation Expenditure: Road R&L Clare Clare Cork Cork Donegal Donegal Dublin Dublin Galway Galway Kerry Kerry Kildare Kildare Kilkenny Kilkenny Laois Laois Leitrim Leitrim Limerick Limerick Longford Longford Louth Louth Mayo Mayo n costs. Meath Meath Monaghan Monaghan Offaly Offaly - Roscommon 2013 Roscommon Sligo Sligo Tipperary Figure 10 shows Tipperary Waterford Waterford Westmeath Westmeath Wexford Wexford Wicklow Wicklow Figure 11 level. expenditure higher per a capita totendthrough them get allocation. Once again, less populated that Dublin large counties population which have a partstrategic of the route expenditure. However, the running per capita analysis, using 2011 census data, fashion to shows national roads, the per km analysis seemed to show Dublin receiving a very large Figures 11 and 12 display an analysis of R& Figure 10 Thousands Thousands - 10 12 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 - 2 4 6 8 R&L Road Expenditure Per Km: 2014 Allocation Km: Per Expenditure Road R&L Carlow 2000 Capita: Per Expenditure Road R&L Carlow Cavan Cavan Clare Clare Cork Cork Donegal Donegal Dublin Dublin , and thus high road demand, is at the heart of its expenditure Galway Galway Kerry Kerry Kildare Kildare Kilkenny Kilkenny Laois Laois Leitrim L spending on a per capita basis. In a similar Leitrim Limerick Limerick Longford Longford Louth Louth Mayo Mayo Meath Meath Monaghan Monaghan Offaly Offaly Roscommon Roscommon - Sligo 2013 Sligo Tipperary Tipperary Waterford Waterford Westmeath Westmeath Wexford Wexford Wicklow Wicklow Figure 12 R&L Road Expenditure Per Capita: 2014 Allocation 250 200 150 100 50 - Cork Sligo Laois Clare Kerry Mayo Louth Offaly Cavan Dublin Meath Kildare Carlow Leitrim Galway Donegal Limerick Kilkenny Wicklow Wexford Longford Tipperary Waterford Monaghan Westmeath Roscommon 1.2.1 Notional Steady State Expenditure on Regional and Local Roads As part of the Strategic Framework for Investment in Land Transport, the EFEU compiled a necessary level of steady state expenditure to maintain the transport system at its current condition. This amounted to €1.6 billion, with a total €1.3 billion exchequer funding requirement. As part of its analysis, EFEU completed a hypothetical breakdown by county of the steady state expenditure required for the Irish regional and local road network. The hypothetical breakdown was based on the application of unit rates for different types of maintenance to different categories of regional and local roads1. The result of this analysis is displayed in Figure 13 below. This analysis reveals that Cork will require the largest amount of steady state expenditure while counties such as Carlow, Laois and Longford will have a relatively small expenditure need. The disparities in expenditure requirements are driven by the varying lengths of road network that exist within each county. Cork is the county with the most kilometres - 12,298km and Carlow is the county with the least – 1,194km. In addition, road projects which have already been committed to in different counties contribute to this breakdown. Finally, just as road length impact expenditure needs, road type is also a significant driver with urban R&L roads being much more expensive to maintain on a unit basis than rural R&L roads.