An Economic Impact Study of Arts, Cultural, and Scientific Organizations in King County 2014

An Economic Impact Study of Arts, Cultural, and Scientific Organizations in King County 2014

An Economic Impact Study of Arts, Cultural, and Scientific Organizations in King County 2014 2014 AN ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY OF ARTS, CULTURAL, AND SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATIONS IN KING COUNTY: 2014 PREPARED FOR: P.O Box 19780 | Seattle WA 98109 P (206) 281-9050 | F (206) 494-7415 www.artsfund.org FUNDING SUPPORT BY: PREPARED BY: Dr. William B. Beyers Department of Geography, Box 353550 University of Washington | Seattle, WA 98195 (206) 935-6282 [email protected] & 40 Lake Bellevue, Suite 100 | Bellevue, WA 98005 P (425) 460-8800 | F (425) 460-8799 Released November 18, 2015 KING COUNTY—2014 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � v Expenditures of Patrons � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 28 Economic Impact of Cultural Table of Figures � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � vii Organizations and their Patrons � � � � � � � � � 33 Table of Tables �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � ix Volunteers in Cultural Organizations � � � � � � 41 Authors’ Acknowledgements � � � � � � � � xiii III� Cultural Organization Patronage Characteristics � � � � � � � � �43 ArtsFund’s Acknowledgements � � � � � � xiv Number of Patrons � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 43 Cultural Organization Performance, Sponsors’ Remarks� � � � � � � � � � � � � � xvi Exhibition, and Attendance Statistics � � � � 48 Executive Summary � � � � � � � � � � � � � xix Patron Trip Reasons � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 49 Aggregate Impact � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �xx Patron Origins � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 49 New Money � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �xx Patron Expenditures � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �52 Income � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxi Patron Group Sizes � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 53 Expenditures � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxi Attendance Frequency � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 54 Employment � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �xxii Willingness to Travel Distance � � � � � � � � � � � 55 Attendance � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxiii Patron Information Sources � � � � � � � � � � � � � �57 Patron Spending � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxiv Attendance and Spending Change � � � � � � 58 Volunteers � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxiv Modes of Engagement by Patrons in Cultural Activities � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 62 Values Regarding Cultural Activity � � � � � � xxiv Locations Sought or Wanted Quality of Life Considerations � � � � � � � � � � xxv for Cultural Activities � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 63 I. Introduction � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �1 Patron Attitudes Related to Goals and Objectives of this Study � � � � � � � � 1 Quality of Life, Regional Identity, and Residential and Work Locations � � � � � 66 Research Approach � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �2 Student Demographics � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 68 Arts, Cultural, and Scientific Organization Survey � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �3 Patron Demographic Characteristics � � � � � �72 Patron Survey � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �5 IV� Comparisons with Other Studies �� � � � � 77 Economic Impact Model � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �6 National Overviews � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �77 II� Economic Impact of Cultural Earned vs� Contributed Income � � � � � � � � � � 79 Organizations in King County � � � � � � � 7 Income Composition � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 80 Income of King County Organizations � � � � �7 Expenditures � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 81 Expenditures of King County Cultural Patron Spending � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 82 Organizations � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 18 Economic Impacts � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 83 Employment in King County Cultural Volunteers � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 85 Organizations � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �25 KING COUNTY—2014 v Other Patron Data � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 86 Broader Approaches � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 91 Summary Comments � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 93 V. Concluding Remarks� � � � � � � � � � � � �95 Possible Areas for Improvement in the Current Research Approach � � � � � � � 95 Possible Bases for Expansion in the Scope of This Study � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 96 References � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 97 Appendix 1: King County Organizations Either Participating In or Included In This Study� � � 99 Appendix 2: Input-Output Model Methodology � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 105 Appendix 3: Survey Form for Arts, Cultural, and Scientific Organizations � � � � 109 Appendix 4: Survey Form for Patrons � � � � 115 Appendix 5: ArtsFund Economic Impact Study Measures Summarized �� � � � � 119 Appendix 6: ArtsFund Board of Trustees and Staff � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 121 Index� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 125 vi AN ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY OF ARTS, CULTURAL, AND SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATIONS TABLE OF FIGURES Percent of Total Income by Source � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxi Aggregate Expenditures of King County Arts, Cultural, and Scientific Organizations � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �xxii Employment Status � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxiii Percentage Distribution of Attendance by Category � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxiii Patron Expenditures by Category � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � xxiv Figure I-1 Number of Cultural Organizations in ArtsFund Economic Impact Studies � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 4 Figure II-1 Percentage of Total Income by Discipline � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 10 Figure II-2 Percentage of Total Income by Source � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 10 Figure II-3 Percentage of Total Income by Discipline and Source � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 Figure II-4 Historical Shares of Income � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �14 Figure II-5 Aggregate Expenditures of King County Cultural Organizations � � � � � � � � � �18 Figure II-6 Historical Employee and Other Expense Shares � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 22 Figure II-7 Employment Status � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 25 Figure II-8 Employment Categories Compared 1992, 1997, 2003, 2009 and 2014 � � � � 27 Figure II-9 Patron Expenditures by Category � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 32 Figure II-10 Aggregate Economic Impacts in Washington State � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 38 Figure II-11 New Money Impacts of King County Cultural Organizations in 2009 and 2014 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 40 Figure III-1 Percentage of Patrons by Discipline � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 46 Figure III-2 Percentage Distribution of Attendance by Category � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 46 Figure III-3 Percentage Distribution of Attendance by Discipline � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 47 Figure III-4 Comparison of Current and Desired Locations for Participation in Cultural Activities � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 65 KING COUNTY—2014 vii TABLE OF TABLES Table I-1 Cultural Organizations Included in this Study � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 4 Table I-2 King County Cultural Organizations Budget Coverage � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 5 Table II-1 Total Income to King County Cultural Organizations � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 9 Table II-2 Percentage of Total Income by Discipline and Total� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 9 Table II-3 Percentage Composition of Earned Income � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �15 Table II-4 Percentage Composition of Contributed Income by Source � � � � � � � � � � � � � �15 Table II-5 Individual Contributions to King County Cultural Organizations � � � � � � � � � �16 Table II-6 Corporate Contributions to King County Cultural Organizations � � � � � � � � � �16 Table II-7 Private Foundation Contributions to King County Cultural Organizations � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �16 Table II-8 In-Kind Contributions to King County Cultural Organizations � � � � � � � � � � � � � 17 Table II-9 Government Income by Source � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 17 Table II-10 Aggregate Expenditures of King County Cultural Organizations � � � � � � � � � �18 Table II-11 Employee and Operating Expenses by Discipline � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �19 Table II-12 Composition of Employee Expenses � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 20 Table II-13 Operating Expenses by Broad Category � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �21 Table II-14 Operating Expenses by Detailed Categories � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �

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