Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymer Resins Properties Handbook Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymer Resins Table of Contents INTRODUCTION . 3 OPTICAL PROPERTIES . 14 Commercially Available Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymers . 3 FABRICATION TECHNIQUES . 15 Specifications . 4 ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES . 15 Description . 4 Screw Assemblies . 15 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES . 6 Snap-Fit . 15 Strength and Stiffness . 6 Press-Fit . 17 Tensile Strength vs . Temperature . 6 Shaft Diameter . 17 Creep, Apparent Flex Modulus, and Long-Term Strain . 7 Cold or Hot Heading . 17 Flex Fatigue . 7 Spin Welding . 17 Impact Strength . 7 Ultrasonic Welding . 17 THERMAL PROPERTIES . 7 Potting . 17 Temperature Rating . 7 Adhesive Bonding . .17 ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES . 9 Melt Bonding . 17 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS . 11 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS . 18 Chemical Resistance . 11 Fasteners . 18 Hydrolytic Stability and Water Absorption . 11 Valve Linings . 18 Weather Resistance . 11 Film Form Available . 18 Effects of Radiation . 11 Tubing . 18 Vacuum Outgassing . 11 Wire and Cable . 18 Permeability . 14 Biomedical/Labware . 18 Flame Resistance and Smoke . 14 Pump Components . 18 Loss of Weight with Aging . 14 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS . 19 2 Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymer Resins INTRODUCTION All properties presented in this handbook should be Tefzel™ ETFE fluoropolymers are melt-processible considered as typical values and are not to be used for thermoplastics . They are part of the family of fluorine- specification purposes . based products that includes Teflon™ PTFE, Teflon™ FEP, A variety of natural and reinforced compositions is and Teflon™ PFA fluoropolymer resins . available, permitting the selection of resins based on This handbook presents data for engineers and others specific applications or processing needs . involved in materials selection and product design . It For additional technical data, information about the contains detailed information for the evaluation of Tefzel™ current line of Tefzel™ ETFE grades, or design assistance ETFE in electrical, mechanical, and chemical applications . for a particular application, please contact your Chemours sales representative . Commercially Available Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymers Tefzel™ ETFE Grade Resin Characteristics Applications General-purpose fluoropolymer resin with intermediate 200 flow rate. Recommended upper service temperature is • Electrical sleeving, coil forms, sockets, connectors, and switches 150 °C (302 °F) 207 Highest MFR among ETFE resins • Ideal for injection molding and thin wall extrusion Premium fluoropolymer resin with a relatively low flow • Components, linings, and molded parts for use in unusually extreme 280 rate, greatly enhanced flex life, and resistance to thermal, mechanical, and chemical environments environmental stress • Appliance wire Superior stress crack resistance with superior 750 • Motor lead wire mechanical properties at high temperatures • Wire and cable • Extruded tubing, pipe, and other profiles for hose HT-2160 Static dissipating semi-conductive resin • Injection- and blow-molded articles requiring superior electrical, chemical, and thermal properties • Extruded tubing, pipe, and other profiles for hose • Linings of components used in chemical processing industries HT-2170 Static dissipative resin with lower melting point • Industrial film • Injection- and blow-molded articles requiring superior electrical, chemical, and thermal properties and stress crack resistance • Films General-purpose resin with improved physical • Tubing HT-2181 properties • Injection-molded articles or linings • Wire and cable • Tubing HT-2183 Improved stress crack resistance version of HT-2181 • Injection-molded articles or linings • Wire and cable • Films HT-2185 Higher flow rate version of HT-2181 • Tubing • Injection-molded articles or linings Specialty resin with superior stress crack resistance and • Films HT-2188 low melting point • Specialty parts Special-purpose resin designed to promote adhesion • Tubing, valves, containers, and fasteners HT-2202 between polyamide and ETFE resins • Battery or instrument components • Tubing HT-2202HS Higher MFR version of HT-2202 • Wire coating • Ideal for when materials must be dispersed in an ETFE matrix. HT-2184 Powder for specialty applications Materials can be well dispersed in the powder and then either compression molded or melt mixed for additional processing. • Hollow parts HT-2195 Roto-molding and roto-lining grade • Complex geometries • Lining 3 Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymer Resins Other product grades are also available for special Tefzel™ ETFE is weather-resistant, inert to most solvents processing needs . Tefzel™ ETFE film is available in a wide and chemicals, and hydrolytically stable . It has excellent range of thicknesses for electrical, chemical, and release resistance to radiation, but is not immune to damage applications . These include: by long-term exposure to gamma radiation—especially at elevated temperatures . Where specific radiation Type LZ: General-purpose film requirements must be met, adequate testing of the Type CLZ: Treated one side for improved proposed application in the radiation environment must cementability be carried out to establish the suitability of Tefzel™ ETFE Type CLZ-20: Treated both sides for improved for this application . cementability Electrically, Tefzel™ ETFE is an excellent low-loss Specifications dielectric with a uniformity of electrical properties not normally found with other thermoplastics . The ASTM material specification covering Tefzel™ ETFE ™ is D3159 . A list of typical properties of Tefzel ETFE is shown in Table 1 . Tefzel™ ETFE is also called out in various industrial and ™ military specifications for tubing, molded parts, and film, Tefzel ETFE can be extruded or injection-molded easily, as well as numerous wire and cable applications . using conventional techniques, and, thus, presents no unusual operator training problems . Corrosion-resistant Description equipment is recommended for extended production runs . Tefzel™ ETFE can best be described as a rugged Electrically heated dies are recommended for injection thermoplastic with an outstanding balance of properties . molds . Mechanically, it is tough and has medium stiffness (1,170 Tefzel™ ETFE can perform successfully in applications MPa [170,000 psi]), impact, and abrasion resistance . Flex where other materials are lacking in mechanical life depends upon the grade used . toughness, broad thermal capability, ability to meet Tefzel™ ETFE is typically considered to have a no-load severe environmental conditions, or limited by fabricating continuous use temperature of 150 °C (302 °F) . In problems . ™ certain specific applications, Tefzel ETFE can have an As is the case with all new developments, a thorough upper service temperature in excess of 230 °C (392 °F) . prototype and test program is recommended to ensure See “Thermal Properties” section for a more complete successful performance of Tefzel™ ETFE compositions in discussion of thermal rating . specific applications . 4 Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymer Resins Table 1. Typical Properties of Tefzel™ ETFE Property* ASTM Method Unit Tefzel™ ETFE Mechanical Melt Flow Rate D3159 g/10 min 7 Ultimate Tensile Strength, 23 °C (73 °F) D638 MPa (psi) 46 (6,500) Ultimate Elongation, 23 °C (73 °F)* D638 % 300 Compressive Strength, 23 °C (73 °F)** D695 MPa (psi) 17 (2,500) Flexural Modulus D790 MPa (psi) 600–1,200 (85,000–170,000) Impact Strength, 23 °C (73 °F) D256 J/m (ft·lb/in) No Break Hardness, Durometer, Shore D D2240 67 Coefficient of Friction, Metal/Film D1894 0.23 Deformation Under Load, 23 °C (73 °F), 1,000 psi, 24 hr D621 % 0.3 Linear Coefficient of Expansion E831 mm/mm· °Cx10–5 (in/in· °Fx10–5) 0–100 °C (32–212 °F) 13.1 (7.3) 100–150 °C (212–302 °F) 18.5 (10.3) 150–200 °C (302–392 °F) 25.2 (14) Specific Gravity D792 1.71 Water Absorption, 24 hr D570 % 0.007 Electrical Surface Resistivity D257 ohm·sq >1016 Volume Resistivity D257 ohm·cm >1016 Dielectric Strength, 23 °C (73 °F) D149 kV/mm (V/mil) 0.25 mm (10 mil) 64 (1,600) 3.20 mm (126 mil) 15 (370) Dielectric Constant, 22 °C (72 °F), 1 MHz D1531 2.6 Dissipation Factor, 22 °C (72 °F), 1 MHz D1531 0.007 Arc Resistance D495 sec 122 Thermal Melting Point DTA D3418 °C ( °F) 220–280 (428–536) Heat of Fusion DSC D3417 kJ/kg (Btu/lb) 50.7 (21.8) Specific Heat DSC kJ/kg·K (cal/g·°C) 25 °C (77 °F) 0.25 100 °C (212 °F) 0.3 150 °C (302 °F) 0.34 300 °C (572 °F) (Melt) 0.38 Heat of Combustion D240 MJ/kg (Btu/lb) 13.7 (5,900) Thermal Conductivity W/m·K (Btu·in/hr·ft2·°F) 0.24 (1.65) Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) D2863 % 30-32 Heat Deflection Temperature D648 °C ( °F) 455 kPa (66 psi) 81 (177) 1620 kPa (264 psi) 51 (123) Continuous Service Temperature °C ( °F) 150 (302) *Actual value depends on grade, test specimen, and test conditions . **Failure defined as stress at 5% strain . 5 Tefzel™ ETFE Fluoropolymer Resins MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Figure 2. Tefzel™ ETFE 200 and 280—Ultimate Elongation vs. Temperature, 5” x 0.5” x 0.125” Strength and Stiffness Injection-Molded Bars Tefzel™ ETFE is less dense, tougher, stiffer, and exhibits 300 a higher tensile strength and creep resistance than Teflon™ PTFE and Teflon™ FEP fluoropolymer resins . It is, however, similarly ductile . Tefzel™ ETFE compositions 250 display the relatively nonlinear stress-strain relationships Tefzel™200 characteristic of nearly all ductile materials . 200 ™ Tensile Strength vs. Temperature Tefzel 280 Figure 1 shows the effect of temperature on tensile strength for Tefzel™ ETFE 200 and Tefzel™ ETFE 280 . 150 The effect of temperature