Journal of Neuropterology 3: 61-97, 2000 (2001) New data on the Brown Lacewings from Asia (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) V. J. Monserrat Departamento de Biologia Animal I, Facultad de Biologia Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain E-mail: [email protected] Key Words: Faunistical, Taxonomy, Systematics, Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae, Palaearctic, Oriental Regions. SUMMARY New data on the taxonomy, morphology, distribution or biology of 58 hardly known brown lacewing species from Asia are given. some new synonymies have been proposed as follow: Hemerobius harmandinus NavBs,1910 = (Hemerobius divisus NavBs,1931 n. syn. = Hemerobius lacunaris NavBs,1936 n. syn.), Hemerobius japonicus Nakahara,l915 = (Henzerobiusferox Tjeder,1936 n. syn.), Hemerobius poppii Esben-Petersen,1921 = (Heinerobius tunkunensis Navhs, 1933 n. syn. = Hemerobius xizangensis Yang,1981 n. syn.), Hemerobius tolimensis Banks, 19 10 = (Hemerobius sumatranus NavBs,1926 n. syn.), Hemerobius bispinus Banks,1940 = (Hemerobius montanus Kirnmis,l960 n. syn.), Hemerobius ckiangi Banks,1940 = (Hemerobius mangkamaizus Yang,I 981 n. syn.), Wesnzaelius navasi (Andreu,191 1) = (Wesm~eliusneimenica (Yang,1980) n. syn.), Wesmaelius vaillanti (NavBs,1927) = (Wesmaelius mongolicus (Steinmann,l965)n. syn.), Wesmaelius baikalensis (NavBs,1929) = (Wesnzaelius pseudofurcatus Makarkin,l986 n. syn.), Wesmaelius quettanus (NavBs,193 1) = (Wesmaelius sinicus (Tjeder,1937) n. syn. = Wesmaelius amseli (Aspock & Aspock, 1966) n. syn.), Sympherobius tessellatus Nakahara,l915 = (Sympherobius nzatsucocciphagus Yang,l980 n. syn. = Sympherobius weisong Yang,1980 11. syn. = Sympherobius l~iojiaensisYang,1980 n. syn.), Neuronema albostigma (Matsumura,l907) = (Neuronema nepalensis Nahakara,l971 n. syn. = Sineuronema gyirongana Yang,1981 n. syn.), Neuronema pielina (NavBs,1936) = (Neuronema kwanshiensis Kimmins, 1943 n. syn. = Neuronema tienrnuslzana Yang,1964 iz. syn. = Neuronema chungnanshana Yang,1964 n. syn. = Neuronema kulinga Yang,1964 n. syn.), Neuronema sinensis Tjeder,1937 = (Sineuronema bomeana Yang,1981 n. syn. = Sineuronema rnagmangana Yang,1981 n. syn. = Sineuronema ~adonganaYang,1981 n. syn.), Neuronema simi1i.s Banks,1940 = (Sineuronema shensiensis Yang,1964 n. syn.), Neuronema tjederi Kimmins,l943 = (Neuronema laminata jilinensis Yang,1964 n. syn. = Neuronema laminata tsinlinga Yang,1964 n. syn. = Neuronema laminata choui Yang,1964 n. syn.), Neuronema huangi Yang,1981 = (Sineuronema quxamana Yang,1981 n. syn.), Micromus timidus Hagen, 1853 = (Micromus kapuri (Nakahara,l97 1) n.syn.), Micromus calidus Hagen,1859 = (Micromus xia Yang,198 1 n. syn.), Micromus yunnanus (NavBs,1922) = (Micromus kanoi (Nakahara,1955)n.syn.), Psectra iniqua (Hagen,1859) = (Psectra afinis (Banks,1913) n. syn.). Neotype for Hemerobi~isexoterus Navis,1936, and lectotype and paralectotypes for Hemerobius ricarti NavBs,1925 and Hemerobius piceus NavBs,1925 have been designed. Some new combinations have been proposed as follows: Wesmaelius vaillanti (NavBs,1927) n. comb., Wesmaelius quettanus (NavBs,193 1 ) n. comb. and Henzerobius JZaveolus (Banks,1940) n. comb. Three species have been 62 MONSERRAT, V. J. proposed as nornina dubia: Hernerobius cercodes Navas 19 17 n. dub., Hemerobius baguiensis NavBs 1923 n. dub., and Hernerobius inversus Navis 1927 n. dub. The wings of Hemerobius sirnulans Walker, 1853, Hernerobius tolimensis Banks, 19 10, Hemerobius ricarti Navas, 1925, Hemerobius atrijrons McLachlan,1868, Hemerobius exoterus Navis,1936, Hernerobius friedeli Aspock & Aspijck,1966, Wesmaelius quettanus (Navas, 193I), Micrornus yunnanus (Navis,1922), Psectra iniqua (Hagen, 1859), and Psectra wilhelrnense New, 1988 are figured. The male genitalia of Hernerobius hyalinus Nakahara,l966, Hemerobius harmandinus Navis,1910, Hernerobius exoterus NavBs,1936, Hernerobius chiangi Banks,1940, Hernerobius friedeli Aspock & Aspock,1966, Hemerobius indicus Kimmis,1938, Hemerobius bispinus Banks,1940, Hemerobius vagans Banks,1937, Hernerobius atrijrons McLachlan, 1868, Psectra iniqua (Hagen, 1859), and Psectra wilhelrnense New,1988 are described, and the female subgenital plate of Wesrnaelius nubilus (Kimmins, 1929), Wesrnaelius altissimus (Ohm, 1967), Wesmaelius quettanus (Navis, 1931) and Wesrnaelius vaillanti (Navas, 1927) are figured. Hernerobius griseus Nakahara, 1956 (non Fabricius,l777, nec Retzius,1783) is proposed as nornen protecturn, and Hemerobius a p a t r i d u s n. sp. is described as a new species from Pakistan. INTRODUCTION The family Hemerobiidae is one of the more interesting ones within the order Neuroptera, due to its wide (almost cosmopolitan) geographical distribution, its high number of species and individuals of which its populations usually consist, and in particular because of its importance in the control of small phytophagous pests. The taxonomy and systematics of this family have been recently treated at the level of genera (OSWALD,1993a), however much remains to be studied and done. Frankly, work on global revision in the majority of the genera is scarce owing to the large quantity of inadequately described and typified species. Some species have never been cited after their initial description, and yet others are very poorly known. The fact that very little is known about their morphology, venation, genitalia and variability has brought about mistakes in identification, and invites confusion when determining actual geographical distribution. In the majority of the species, the biology and larval stages are unknown. Because of this, one can generalise that the taxonomic and systematic situation of the species of this family is very incomplete and fragmentary. In the second half of this century no many papers have been published on Central-East Palaearctic, and on the Oriental Hemerobiidae after the works of NAKAHARA (1954, 1955, 1956, 1960a,b, 1964, 1966, 1971), NAKAHARA & KUWAYAMA (1961), KUWAYAMA (1953, 1954, 1956a,b,c, 1957, 1961, 1962, 1964a,b, 1966a,b), KIMMINS (1960), STEINMANN (1965,1968, 1971), ASPOCK & ASPOCK (1966), OHM (1967), ZELENY (1972), GHOSH (1976,1977), GHOSH & SEN (1977), ZAKHARENKO (1979), etc., where so many species are simply recorded or listed, some species are more or less adequately described, and some of the old and abundant Central-East Palaearctic and Oriental poorly described species are revised or redescribed. Few biogeographic, taxonomic or faunistics list and records or re-descriptions of some poorly known species of these regions have been recently published (ZAKHARENKO, 1980,198 1, MONSERRAT, 1989, Journal of Neuropterology 3: 61-97, 2000 (2001) 63 1990a,b, 1993, MAKARKIN, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993a,b, 1994, 1995, 1996, MONSERRAT & HOLZEL,~~~~,HOLZEL,~~~~, 1995, ASPOCK, 1989, ZAKHARENKO & KRIVOKHATSKY, 1993, POGGI, 1993, ASPOCK & HOLZEL, 1996, PENNY & LEE,1996, HOLZEL,~~~~, 1998, MIRMOAYEDI,1998, MONSERRAT & DERETSKY,1999, etc.), and unfortunately, some very poor descriptions of many new species, as well as good descriptions (but hardly discussed and poorly documented in respect to previously described species) have been recently published making the general knowledge and the taxonomical situation of the Hemerobiidae in these regions even more confusing. In this current paper, we are specially attempting to contribute new data on taxonomy, geographical distribution, biology, morphology and 1 or variability of some poorly known, or increase the knowledge of other better known, as much as description of some new species of this family in this area. MATERIALS AND METHODS Material from some collections and institutions has been studied. To indicate where this material is located and to which institution it belongs the following abbreviations are employed: (FMNH): Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago). (FSCA): Florida State Collection (Gainesville). (HNHM): Hungarian Natural History Museum (Budapest). (MP): Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris). (MZB): Museu de Zoologia (Barcelona). (NHM): The Natural History Museum (London). (NMW): Naturhistorisches Museum (Vienna). (VM): Author's collection, Universidad Complutense (Madrid). For the enumeration of the studied material, the contributed data are recorded alphabetically and chronologically with the following order: the country, the state, the county, the province or islands, locality of the capture, date of capture, number of dd and of 99 studied, data on biology, the collector and institution to which the material belongs (using aforementioned abbreviations). An asterisk (*) is used to indicate the countries where some of the included species where previously unknown, and with a male symbol (d), a female symbol (9) and (w) denote those specimens (B*,Q*) chosen to serve for figures of male genitalia, female genitalia or wing morphology respectively. For annotation of type material data, the data entered on each specimen's label will be separated with bars. The terminology used for the venation, terminalia and male and female genitalia of the different species studied is that which is used for this family by TJEDER (1961) and ASPOCK et al. (1980). The systematic order follows OSWALD (1993a) and subsequent contributions which appeared in OSWALD (1993b, 1994). MONSERRAT. V. J. STUDIED SPECIES Hemerobiinae Latreille Hemerobius humulinus Linnaeus,1758 A well known Holarctic species. STUDIED MATERIAL: JAPAN: Mt. Norikura, 2.700 m, 27.VII. 1954, 1 d Townes (FSCA). NORTH KOREA: Changang Prov., Mt.Myohyang-san, 12-14.IX.1980, 1 d, 8 QQ Forri, & Topil (HNHM). Gang-von Prov., On- dzong,