<p>Copyright © 2010 Russell Dale Quinn All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. <br>EXPECTATION AND FULFILLMENT OF THE GIFT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN THE GOSPEL OF JOHN </p><p>___________________ <br>A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of <br>The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary </p><p>___________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree <br>Doctor of Philosophy </p><p>___________________ by <br>Russell Dale Quinn December 2010 </p><p><strong>APPROVAL SHEET </strong></p><p>EXPECTATION AND FULFILLMENT OF THE GIFT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN THE GOSPEL OF JOHN </p><p>Russell Dale Quinn <br>Read and Approved by: <br>__________________________________________ William C. Cook (Chair) </p><p>__________________________________________ Mark A. Seifrid </p><p>__________________________________________ James M. Hamilton, Jr. </p><p>Date ______________________________ <br>To Laura, my precious wife, and to our sweet daughters, <br>Hannah Grace, Sarah Katherine, Ellen Elizabeth, <br>Abigail Rose, and Mary Allison <br>TABLE OF CONTENTS <br>Page <br>LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;vii PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;xiv Chapter <br>1. INTRODUCTION&nbsp;. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <br>Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History of Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <br>1122<br>Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;43 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;45 <br>2. PNEUMATOLOGICAL&nbsp;EXPECTATION <br>IN THE !"#$%&amp; PASSAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;48 </p><p>Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;48 The Witness of John the Baptist (John 1:29-34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;49 Born of the Spirit (John 3:5-8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;59 The Spirit without Measure (John 3:34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;70 Spirit and Truth (John 4:4-30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;75 The Life-giving Spirit (John 6:63) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;83 Rivers of Living Water (John 7:37-39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;87 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;93 <br>3. PNEUMATOLOGICAL&nbsp;EXPECTATION <br>IN THE !&amp;'&amp;()*+,- PASSAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;94 </p><p>Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;94 iv </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Chapter </li><li style="flex:1">Page </li></ul><p>The Literary Context of the Farewell Discourse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;96 Another Paraclete (John 14:16-17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;102 The Paraclete and the Holy Spirit (John 14:25-26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;108 The Spirit of Truth (John 15:26-27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;111 The Sending of the Paraclete (John 16:7-11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;113 The Spirit and Apostolic Revelation (John 16:12-15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;116 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;119 <br>4. THE&nbsp;FULFILLMENT OF JOHANNINE <br>PNEUMATOLOGICAL EXPECTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;121 </p><p>Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;121 The Hour of Glorification (John 12:20-50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;121 The Hour of Departure (John 13:1-4, 31-35) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;125 The Prayer for Glorification (John 17:1-5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;128 Thirst, Spirit and Water at the Cross (John 19:28-37) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;129 Resurrection and Ascension (John 20:1-18) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;139 The Giving of the Spirit (John 20:19-23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;144 The Problem of Thomas (John 20:24-29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;151 An Anti-climatic Ending? (John 21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;155 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;163 <br>5. THE&nbsp;RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOHANNINE <br>AND LUKAN PNEUMATOLOGICAL FULFILLMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;165 </p><p>Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;165 Historical Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;167 Literary Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;174 Theological Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;182 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;199 </p><p>v</p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Chapter </li><li style="flex:1">Page </li></ul><p>6. CONCLUSION&nbsp;. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;201 <br>Johannine Expectation of the Giving of the Spirit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;202 Johannine Fulfillment of the Giving of the Spirit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;205 The Relationship of Easter to Pentecost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;206 <br>BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .&nbsp;207 </p><p>vi <br>LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>The Anchor Bible Dictionary </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>ABD </em></li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">ABG </li><li style="flex:1">Arbeiten zur Bible und ihrer Geschichte </li></ul><p>Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums Arbeiten zur Geschichte des Spätjudentums und Urchristentums Arbeiten zur Literatur und Geschichte des hellenistischen Judentums Analecta biblica <br>AGJU AGSU ALGHJ AnBib </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>AsTJ </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Asbury Theological Journala </em></li></ul><p><em>AusBR AUSS BA </em><br><em>Austrailian Biblical Review Andrews University Seminary Studies Biblical Archaeologist </em></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>BBR </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Bulletin for Biblical Research </em></li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">BDAG </li><li style="flex:1">Bauer, W., F. W. Danker, W. F. Arndt, and F. W. Gingrich. <em>Greek-English </em></li></ul><p></p><p><em>Lexicon of the New T e stament and Other Early Christian Literature</em>. 3rd </p><p>ed. <br>BEATAJ BETL BGBE </p><p><em>Bib </em></p><p>Beiträge zur Erforschung des Alten Testaments und des antiken Judentums Bibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovaniensium Beiträge zur Geschichte der biblischen Exegese </p><p><em>Biblica </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">BJS </li><li style="flex:1">Brown Judaic Studies </li></ul><p></p><p><em>BSac </em></p><p>BK </p><p><em>Bibliotheca Sacra </em></p><p>Biblische Konfrontationen </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">BNTC </li><li style="flex:1">Black’s New Testament Commentary </li></ul><p>vii <br>BSC </p><p><em>BTB </em></p><p>BU <br>Bible Study Commentary </p><p><em>Biblical Theology Bulletin </em></p><p>Biblische Untersuchungen </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Biblische Zeitschrift </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>BZ </em></li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">BZNW </li><li style="flex:1">Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft </li></ul><p>und die Kunde der älteren Kirche </p><p>CahRB CBC <br>Cahiers de la Revue biblique Cambridge Bible Commentary </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>CBQ </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Catholic Biblical Quarterly </em></li></ul><p></p><p>CBQMS </p><p><em>CBR </em></p><p>Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series </p><p><em>Currents in Biblical Research </em></p><p>CJAS </p><p><em>CJT </em></p><p>Christianity and Judaism in Antiquity Series </p><p><em>Canadian Journal of Theology </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">ConBNT </li><li style="flex:1">Coniectanea biblica: New Testament Series </li></ul><p></p><p><em>ConcJourn Concordia &nbsp; Journal </em></p><p>CQS </p><p><em>CTM CTR </em></p><p>Companion to the Qumran Scrolls </p><p><em>Concordia Theological Monthly Criswell Theological Review </em></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>CR </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Currents in Research </em></li></ul><p></p><p>CRINT </p><p><em>CTJ </em></p><p>Compendia Rerum Iudaicarum ad Novum Testamentum </p><p><em>Calvin Theological Journal </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">DJG </li><li style="flex:1">Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels </li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Dead Sea Scrolls </li><li style="flex:1">DSS </li></ul><p></p><p><em>DSD </em></p><p>ECS </p><p><em>Dead Sea Discoveries </em></p><p>Epworth Commentary Series </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">EKKNT </li><li style="flex:1">Evangelisch-Katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament </li></ul><p>viii </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>ETL </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Ephemerides theologicae lovanienses </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Evangelical Quarterly </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>EvQ </em></li></ul><p><em>EvRTh ExpTim </em></p><p>FRLANT GNC </p><p><em>GOTR GTJ </em><br><em>Evangelical Review of Theology Expository Times </em></p><p>Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments Good News Commentary </p><p><em>Greek Orthodox Theological Review Grace Theological Journal </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">HB </li><li style="flex:1">Hebrew Bible </li></ul><p>HBS </p><p><em>HBT </em></p><p>Herders Biblische Studien </p><p><em>Horizons in Biblical Theology </em></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Heythrop Journal </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>HeyJ </em></li></ul><p></p><p>HKAT HNT </p><p><em>HTR </em></p><p>Hanndkommentar zum Alten Testament Handbuch zum Neuen Testament </p><p><em>Harvard Theological Review Hebrew Union College Annual Irish Biblical Studies </em><br><em>HUCA IBS </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">ICC </li><li style="flex:1">International Critical Commentary </li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Interpretation </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Int </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>JBL </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Journal of Biblical Literature </em></li></ul><p></p><p>Journal of Biblical Literature Monograph Series </p><p><em>Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society Journal of Jewish Studies </em></p><p>JBLMS </p><p><em>JETS JJS </em></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>JPT </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Journal of Pentecostal Theology </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Jewish Quarterly Review </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>JQR </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>JSNT </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Journal for the Study of the New T e stament </em></li></ul><p></p><p>ix <br>JSNTSup JSPSup </p><p><em>JTS </em></p><p>Journal for the Study of the New Testament: Supplement Series Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha Supplement Series </p><p><em>Journal of Theological Studies </em></p><p>KEK KNT LCL <br>Kritisch-exegetischer Kommentar über das Neue Testament Kommentar zum Neuen Testament Loeb Classical Library </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">LEC </li><li style="flex:1">Library of Early Christianity </li></ul><p>LNTS LSJ <br>Library of New Testament Studies Liddell, H. G., R. Scott, H. S. Jones, <em>A Greek-English Lexicon</em>. 9th ed. with revised supplement </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">LXX </li><li style="flex:1">Septuagint </li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>MelT </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Melita theologica </em></li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">MT </li><li style="flex:1">Masoretic Text </li></ul><p>NA27 NAC </p><p><em>Novum T e stamentum Graece</em>, Nestle-Aland, 27th ed. </p><p>New American Commentary </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">NCS </li><li style="flex:1">Newport Commentary Series </li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Neot </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Neotestamentica </em></li></ul><p></p><p>NIBC NICNT NICOT </p><p><em>NIDNTT </em></p><p>NIGTC NIVAC NKZ <br>New International Biblical Commentary New International Commentary on the New Testament New International Commentary on the Old Testament </p><p><em>New International Dictionary of New T e stament Theology </em></p><p>New International Greek Testament Commentary NIV Application Commentary Neue kirchliche Zeitschrift </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>NovT </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Novum T e stamentum </em></li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">NovTSup </li><li style="flex:1">Novum Testamentum Supplement Series </li></ul><p>x<br>NSBT NT <br>New Studies in Biblical Theology New Testament </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>NTS </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>New T e stament Studies </em></li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">OT </li><li style="flex:1">Old Testament </li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>OTP </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Old T e stament Pseudepigrapha </em></li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Patristica Sorbonensia </li><li style="flex:1">PatS </li></ul><p>PBTM </p><p><em>PRSt </em></p><p>Paternoster Biblical and Theological Monographs </p><p><em>Perspectives in Religious Studies </em></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Quarterly Review </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>QR </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>RB </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Revue biblique </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>RefR </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Reformed Review </em></li></ul><p><em>RelSRev ResQ RevExp RevScRel RevQ RHPR RSPT RSR </em><br><em>Religious Studies Review Restoration Quarterly Review and Expositor Revue des sciences religieuses Revue de Qumran Revue d’histoire et de philosophie religieuses Revue des sciences philosophiques et théologiques Recherches de science religieuse Reformed Theological Review The Southern Baptist Journal of Theology </em></p><p>Studies in Biblical Literature Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series Society of Biblical Literature Monograph Series Society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series Studies in Biblical Theology </p><p><em>RTR SBJT </em></p><p>SBL SBLDS SBLMS SBLSymS SBT </p><p>xi </p><p><em>ScandJTh ScEccl ScEs </em></p><p>SCJ </p><p><em>Scandinavian Journal of Theology Sciences ecclésiastiques Science et esprit </em></p><p>Studies in Christianity and Judaism </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>Studia evangelica </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>SE </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>SEÅ </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Svensk Exegetisk Årsbok </em></li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>SJT </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Scottish Journal of Theology </em></li></ul><p></p><p>SNTSMS </p><p><em>SR </em></p><p>Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series </p><p><em>Studies in Religion/Sciences religieuses </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Subsidia biblica </li><li style="flex:1">SubBi </li></ul><p>SUNT </p><p><em>SVTQ SwJT </em></p><p>TBBB </p><p><em>TDNT </em></p><p>THNT </p><p><em>TJ </em></p><p>Studien zur Umwelt des Neuen Testaments </p><p><em>St. Vladimir ’ s T heological Quarterly Southwest Journal of Theology </em></p><p>Theologie Bonner Biblische Beiträge </p><p><em>Theological Dictionary of the New T e stament </em></p><p>Theologischer Handkommentar zum Neuen Testament </p><p><em>Trinity Journal </em><br><em>TLGNT TP </em><br>B. M. Metzger, <em>A T e xtual Commentary on the Greek New Testament Theologie und Philosophie </em></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>TS </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Theological Studies </em></li></ul><p><em>TynBul UBS</em>4 <em>VE </em><br><em>Tyndale Bulletin </em></p><p><em>The Greek New Testament</em>, United Bible Societies, 4th ed. </p><p><em>V o x evangelica </em></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>VT </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>V e tus T e stamentum </em></li></ul><p></p><p>WBC </p><p><em>WTJ </em></p><p>Word Biblical Commentary </p><p><em>W e stminster Theological Journal </em></p><p>xii <br>WUNT </p><p><em>ZAW </em></p><p>Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament </p><p><em>Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Zürcher Bibelkommentare New Testament </li><li style="flex:1">ZBKNT </li></ul><p></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>ZNW </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft </em></li></ul><p><em>und die Kunde der älteren Kirche </em></p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1"><em>ZTK </em></li><li style="flex:1"><em>Zeitschrift für Theologie und Kirche </em></li></ul><p></p><p>xiii <br>PREFACE <br>I want to express my appreciation for the wonderful teachers with whom I have been privileged to study the Greek New Testament. Dr. George Guthrie helped me develop a love for the Greek language and a desire to seek to understand what the New Testament really says. Dr. Frank Thielman helped me learn to think exegetically and to value the hard work of interpreting the text contextually. Dr. Bill Cook has been a supportive supervisor and a great role model as a scholarly pastor. <br>I have had the unique opportunity while pursuing my formal education to serve at three wonderful churches, First Baptist Church in Gardendale, Alabama, Highview Baptist Church in Louisville, Kentucky, and Bellevue Baptist Church in Cordova, Tennessee. Each of these precious families of believers has nurtured and shaped my ministry. I know that my work in this dissertation will be more profitable to the body of Christ because of their influence on me as a minister of the Gospel. <br>I have also greatly benefited from the investment in my life by three pastors with whom I have served. When I was a young believer with a lot of questions, David Jett listened to my struggles and guided me in my striving to understand the truth. Dr. Steve Gaines invested in me as a young minister and encouraged me to love preaching the Bible. Dr. Kevin Ezell helped me to grow in my leadership skills, and I am forever grateful to him for the opportunity to be a part of planting the Spencer County Campus of Highview Baptist Church in Louisville. I am thankful for the role that these men have played in modeling what it means to be a pastor. <br>I would also like to thank my parents, Dale and Brenda Quinn, for their love xiv and support. I am blessed to have parents that love learning and God’s Word. I am also indebted to the childhood pastors who encouraged that love in both me and my parents. Rev. Jerry Haughton was instrumental in discipling my parents as a young couple and helping them grow in their knowledge of the full counsel of God. Dr. Buck Morton was instrumental in encouraging my love for Scripture when I was a young boy. <br>Words cannot express my gratitude for my wife. Laura has been a model of support in my ministry. Her joyful willingness to obey the Lord has been a source of inspiration for me during the process of writing this dissertation. I am deeply aware of the grace of God that she represents in my life. I also want to express my gratitude to our five daughters, Hannah, Sarah, Ellen, Abigail, and Mary Allison, for their patience and willingness to sacrifice so their daddy could work on his dissertation. Abigail and Mary Allison were both born during the course of this study. <br>Finally I would like to offer my deepest gratitude to the Lord Jesus who offered living water to me in the thirst of my sin. My sincere prayer is that He might choose to use this work to help others find eternal life by knowing the only true God and Jesus Christ whom He has sent (John 17:3). <br>Rushing wind, blow through this temple, blowing out the dust within, come and breathe your breath upon me, for I’ve been born again. (Keith Green) </p><p>Russell Dale Quinn <br>Louisville, Kentucky September 2010 </p><p>xv </p><p>CHAPTER 1 <br>INTRODUCTION </p><p><strong>Introduction </strong></p><p>One hermeneutical difficulty of interpreting the Fourth Gospel is the apparent simplicity of its language. The use of such common metaphors as water, thirst, wind, breath, bread, and hunger to communicate profound spiritual realities often causes the reader to underestimate the complexity of what the author is attempting to communicate. Although the author uses such plain language to speak of the person and work of the Holy Spirit, a simple description of its full meaning is complicated. Perhaps this difficulty is most clearly felt in the debate surrounding the fulfillment of Johannine expectations regarding the gift of the Holy Spirit. While most scholars agree that John 20:19-23 is the pneumatological climax of the Gospel, consensus erodes regarding the precise nature of the gift in relation not only to the narrative of the Fourth Gospel itself </p>