\ 004rn ') 40017ay I !/P.L. 86_ 3 , TOP SECRET lll£iJ'ilUl1Jlll£iJl1 f:5l!~C!JCEU'il~ UJ~l!lll~~ crmwv CDlUDWCDl5 CD11 Wl5UJl!ll5 f OOUJW~l1£il~[!) HANDLE VIA COMINT CHANNELS ONLY JP.L. 86-36 I ~ ~H~R~~~~~~G d~i~~rI~~N~~~~ioN::::::::::::: J r:: :[::: ~ WHY CAN'T THEY DESIGN A GOOD S.R. TEST? .••• Kathy Bjorklund •.. 1 .... 7 NON-NAMES IN THE NEWS (COOPERPERSON) ••••••••.••••..••••.•••. /; •••. 8 APOLLO-SOYUZ: BEHIND-THE-SCENES ACTIVITY .•. ·1 I" .... 9 LET'S GIVE LINGUISTS A BIGGER PIECE OF PIE! • •.> .... 13 WHAT I s IN A NAME ? . • . • . • . • . • . • . • q •••• 1 5 GEOGRAPHIC NAMES........................... : ...• 16 LETTER TO THE EDITOR ..•.•.•..•...•.•.•..•...••••.•••••••••••••.•• 21 THIS BeetJMENT €6NftlNS €6BIW61tD l'tlATlltlAt EU d'e• 111 l>l&NS1tf'1N'1liH!l (NSA;'G8SM ta I~ Kile••'••• G98; HQ 1166!, €ale1WJ ! TOP SECRET Btdawif7 Gpea Netileatiea 117 tlte 91iftia1tw - eclassified and Approved for Release by NSA on -10--1-1-::0-1.:: pursuant to E.O. '135.26. vl DR Case # 54 778 DOCID: 4009781 'f OP SECRB'f Published Monthly by Pl, Techniques and Standards, for the Personnel of Operations .. VOL. III, No. 12 DECEMBER 1976 PUBLISHER WILLIAM LUTWINIAK BOARD OF EDITORS Editor in Chief •............ Arthur J. Salemme (5642s) ········-········.. ••·,.. :•"'''' Collection ........•......... I l(8955s)·· ·· ····· ·· · · P . L . 86-36 Cryptanalysis .. ............ ';:I====~l - {80255) · · ··· · Language ..........•......... Emery W. Tetrault (5236s) Machine Support ................I__________ ....k332ls) Mathematics ....•...•.....•.. Reed Dawson (3957s) Special Research . .......... Vera R. Filby (7119s) Traffic Analysis ............ Frederic 0. Mason, Jr. (4142s) Production Manager ........•. Harry Goff (4998s) For individual subscriptions send name and organizational designator to: CRYPTOLOG, Pl TOP SECRET DOCID: 4 09~9781 r..v~ , , "'"'± • \C) P.L. 86~36 'f Of' SECft:E'f UMBftA BUT IT LOOKS LIKE THE REAL THING ... IESS P.L. 86-36 December 76 * CRYPTOLOG * p age 1 EO 1. 4. ( c) TOP SECRET P.L. 86-36 IJM8R"lA DOCID: 4009781 EO 1. 4. ( c) 't'OF SECRECf UMBRA P.L. 86-36 December 76 * CRYPTOLOG * Page 2 Cf'OP SECRE'f UMBRA EO 1. 4. ( c) DOCID: 4009781 p,.L. 86-36 'f OP SECRE'f UMBRA December 76 * CRYPTOLOG * Page 3 TOP SECRET UMBRA EO 1. 4. ( c) DOCID: 4009781 'fOP SBCRB'f tJMBRA P .L. 86- 36 ·.. December 76 * CRYPTOLOG * Page 4 'fOP St3CRB'f UMBRA EO 1. 4. ( c) DOCID: 4009781 'f OP SECRBT UMHRJ.. P.L. 86-36 December 76 * CRYPTOLOG * Page 5 'fOP 8:13CR:l3T UMHIU.. Q_QCID: _400928--1 P ; L. 86- 36 UNCLASSIFIED uch of our work in the intelligence A little careful backgrounding community is, of necessity, denied cur­ quickly showed that Gino's restaurants rent widespread reporting. It thus may are owned by A & G Foods of King of be months, years, or even decades be­ Prussia, Penna. The obvious connection fore cryptanalysts at large learn of with A.G. Crypto of Zurich was immedi­ some of our most exciting efforts. How­ ately made, and the operation entered ever, a current operation is beginning, its second and more intensive phase. on which we are fortunate to be able to report. It is hoped that, by sharing At the risk of putting an agent in a these first efforts, we will enable pickle, it was determined that someone Agency analysts to read between the must infiltrate the organization. After lines of regular news reporting and carefully laying the groundwork, we were infer our (expected) successes. able to place an operative at the highest level of the organization. (See Fig. This juicy problem began a few years 2, black rectangle "to protect his ago when Gino's restaurants began an ad­ identity"). vertising campaign stressing "freedom of choice." It is well known that this is a We are now in the third phase of the code phrase for many right-wing, extremist project -- analyzing data and awaiting organizations, and the fact did not es­ further intelligence from our informant. cape the attention of high-level man­ The meat and (french-fried) potatoes agement. problem of understanding the intricate grill system has been turned over to a Wanting to get to the meat of the special team of Pl cryptomathematicians. , problem, operatives began a careful sur- . - veillance of selected restaurants. Then, However, the major burden rests with o· " several months ago, a crucial observa­ our i.ntrepid inte:loper -- to discover lh_·_ tion was made -- Gino the Genie Magic the big cheese behind the entire scheme~ \ :Kits were being sold at most local units. Barring some jam-up of data\ we hope to 1- -c) . · ' Upon purchase, it was discovered that issue future reports on this topical . ~- \: - each kit contained a message decoder :o - ~:. ccwd!!! (see Fig. 1). subject. · - ,---r-HE-G-1No-,s-G-EN-,E-o~llNEU"-'P MltGl~ ..... MESSAGE DECODER CARD 1 CARPET CLUB 0C)00000UUUG THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT IS A MEMBER IN GOOD uuouuGuuuu0 STANDING ANO DOES HEREBY PROMISE NEVER TO REVEAL THE SECRETS OF THE ANCIENT MYSTICAL MAGIC UUUUuvuUuuG FEATS AS EXPLAINED BY THE GINO'S GENIE' PLACE THE DECODER CARD OVER THE MAGIC MESSAGE AND INSTANTLY OECOOE THE HIDDEN WOR_DS OF THE GINO'S GENIE. December 76 * CRYPTOLOG * Page 6 UNCLASSIFIED DOCID: 4009781 00NPIBl3N~IAb WHY CAN'T THEY DES/Bii A GOOD S.R. TESTP Kathy Bjorklund, 6651 ~everal recently published articles on the designers of the various tests tried to examine testing process for professionalization have groups of aspirants for their knowledge of the cir­ prompted me to share my limited experience in cle, but found that the aspirants, despite a care­ that process in the Special Research (SR) field. ful culling that was done by evaluating the Pro­ In my brief exposure to education and testing fessional Qualification Records (PQRs), were methods during my undergraduate days, I learned equipped to deal with the rectangle, the square, or that the stress must always be placed upon goals even the parallelogram -- anything but the circle. or purposes. The goal must be defined ahead of The next step was to try to break down the time and, once defined, must be kept in mind testing method, further diluting it. The firmly and constantly. The principle is obvi­ aspirants would be given a chance to be tested ous: if a person is studying plane geometry, he on the general principles and the theorems in should not be tested on his abilities in solid Part I, and on the application of those princi­ geometry or trigonometry. If he is being taught ples in Part II. This may be a solution in ge­ certain theorems that apply to the circle, he ometry, but there is a good deal of controversy should be tested specifically on those theorems over whether or not this gauges the ability of and not as they apply to the rectangle, but a professional SRA. For, with the process to the circle. thus subdivided, the applicant no longer had to The idea that the testing of an aspirant in a demonstrate his ability in an overall manner . professional field at NSA should follow the same This, too, is a highly subjective area, since principle seems clear enough. The aspirant in many parts of the Agency the SRA's job has should learn certain techniques in his field, been broken down into several parts, whicn are should learn how to apply them, and should then not always handled by a single analyst. Although be tested specifically on those abilities. Sim­ this is an outgrowth issue of the general testing ple, isn't it? Not the rectangle, but the circle! problem, it too merits consideration for there Stick to the goal! has been -- like it or not, by choice or by chance -- a use of the SRA title as a coverall. That is all very well for Academia, where the Many individuals hold the title (and some even simplistic can be achieved, although it is often the certification) but have never written a couched in such ethereal terms that one outside report or do not exactly fit the definition of the hallowed halls could not recognize it as an SRA, which states that the primary duties of such. But can it be achieved in the workaday the SRA should include "intelligence research intelligence world? A glance through the appro­ and analysis and the preparation and presenta­ priate chapter of the Personnel Management Manual tion of written and/or oral reports, drawing, (Chapter 402.2, in case you want to read it your­ in both cases, from a thorough knowledge of self) would have us believe that it can. user requirements" (page 1, paragraph B of certi­ This is how it's done. A panel of profession­ fication criteria, as published by M3, 10 Novem­ als in the field is selected. They draw up the ber 1972). The test was trying to gauge ability professionalization/criteria reqµirements within to do the job as defined. What may have been the field, with the approval of M3. Under this overlooked was that many jobs did not conform to aegis falls any Professional Qualification Exami­ the definition. Perhaps by attempting to serve nation (PQE), which, in the SR field, has tradi­ the many, the procedure failed to single out tionally been a joint project carried out by the few who were qualified. Was this, or a panel subcononittee and the appropriate staff should it be, the goal? If so, is that goal from the National Cryptologic School. It still being met? Perhaps not. looks easy, doesn't it? Let's leave the world of circles and paral­ A sketchy review of the history of estab­ lelograms and get back to the business at hand lishing the criteria for the SR field quickly -- the SIGINT business.