Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-44089-9 — Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium Roland Betancourt Index More Information Index The family name emerged only in middle Byzantium. Late antique and early Byzantine persons are normally listed by first name; later on, by family name. Abgar, Alexios I Komnenos, absence, see presence Al-Kindī, Achilles Tatius, –, Alkmaeon of Croton, activity, see energeia Anderson, David, adsensus, see synkatathesis Andida, see Nicholas and Theodore of Andida Aelian, Annas, Julia, Aenesidemus, , Annunciation, –, Aeschines, anointing, – Aeschylus, sense organs, – Aetios of Amida, , Anthemios of Tralles, Aetios of Antioch, , , , , antilambano (grasp), –; see also antilepsis; aporroe, , – katalambano, kataleptikos influence on Nemesios, Photios, Michael Psellos and, sight and, – theory of vision, – antilepsis (apprehension), , , ; see also Agathias, , – antilambano air Photios, cognitive medium, – Porphyry, –, linked with hearing, – Aphthonios, –, –, linked with light, – Apollodorus, nerves and, – Apollonius of Tyana, – relation to pneuma, – aporroe (efflux), –, – walking stick, Aetios, aisthesis (sensation), , , Alexander of Aphrodisias, common sense and, applicable to exteriority, differentiated from sense organ, compared to prochysis, mediates phantasia and the body, evil eye, akatalēptikē, see katalambano, kataleptikos Michael Psellos, – akatalēptikē phantasia (non-graspable fantasy), Theophrastus, Akbari, Suzanne Conklin, , apotyposis, see typosis Alcinous, apples, – Alexander of Aphrodisias, , , , –, apprehension, see antilepsis; katalambano, –, kataleptikos; prolepsis aporroe, haptic metaphors for, comparison of common sense and phantasia, Apuleius, source for Nemesios, Arabic science, , – theory of vision, – archetype, see prototype Alexander of Tralles, architecture, © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-44089-9 — Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium Roland Betancourt Index More Information Index Arethas of Caesarea, – atomists, Aristophanes, theories of vision, – Aristotelianism, relation to Platonism, Augustine of Hippo, Aristotle, Avicenna, common sense, – compared to Pentcheva, – bakterion, see walking stick metaphor compared to Plato, Barber, Charles, , , , –, comparison of taste and smell, Bartsch, Shadi, distinction between doxa and phantasia, Basil of Caesarea, Galen and, enargeia, metaphor as ekphrasis, – evil eye, , , – metaphor of wax for common sense, – on painting, metaxy, Basil, pseudo-, – Michael of Ephesus and, Basilakes, Nikephoros, – notion of interval compared to Plato’s, belief, see doxa on common sense, , , – Belting, Hans, , on metaphor, Beneker, Jeffrey, on touch, – biblical realism, Patriarch Nikephoros and, Birmelin, Ella, phantasia, , Blachernai, usual miracle at, – place in education, Blemmydes, Nikephoros, , , – Plato and Galen and, – in fourteenth century, – pneuma in, – reconciliation, , – Blumenthal, H. J., –, Plotinos and, Blundell, Sue, Poetics, body, mediated to phantasia by aisthesis, remediation and, Bolter, Jay David, source for Nemesios, Bouras Vallianatos, Petros, source of philosophical theories of vision, breath compared to incense, – – Bryennios, Manuel theory of vision, –, – katalambano, kataleptikos, touch as common sense, use of Porphyry, – wax seal metaphor, Butler, Shane, – art, see icons; painting Bydén, Börje, , , , artists’ knowledge of rhetoric, – Byzantium “as if,” see metaphor extramission allegedly preferred in, – ekphrasis and, relationship to late antiquity, enargeia and, , represented in sermons, – icons, –, sources as representative of, – in Michael the Deacon, wrongly thought of as Platonic, necessary for mediation, necessary for medium, Cairns, Douglas, , remediation and, Camille, Michael, – representation and, Cassius Dio, ash on eyes, Catrein, Christoph, aspazomai (greet), , , – Chase, Michael, John of Damascus, Choiroboskos, George, kataspazomai and, Choumnos, Nikephoros, –, – assent, see synkatathesis chrismation, – assumption, see hypolepsis compared to veneration of relics, Asterios of Amaseia, –, –, , Christ – as medium, – Athanasia of Aegina, as united rays, – Athanasios of Alexandria, likened to sight, – Athenaeus, sweetness, – © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-44089-9 — Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium Roland Betancourt Index More Information Index Christianity, early relationship to other senses, cognitive process, self-awareness and, phantasia, –, , –, touch, veneration compared to pagan, –, typos and, Chrysippos, , , common sensibles, , disagreement with Zeno, commonality of sense phantasia, – across all senses, – Cicero, , Nemesios of Emesa, – city, analogy of touch, – for liturgy, communion, for senses, sight and, – to Protheoria, – comprehend, see perilambano Clark, Elizabeth, – conception, see syllepsis clasp, see periptysso cone, see walking stick metaphor Clement of Alexandria, –, – Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos, , , Stoicism and, – – cognition, see phantasia Constantine IX Monomachos, – active process, Constantine X Doukas, , Annunciation, – Constantine the Philosopher, described with haptic language, , Constas, Maximos (Nicholas), five stages, – contact, see epaphao haptic language, contemplation, see theoria, theoreo Nemesios of Emesa, – veneration and, sight and, – Corrigan, Kevin, stages and sequence of, , , , – Cosmas Indicopleustes, councils, see First Iconoclastic Council; Second synesthesia and, , Iconoclastic Council; Seventh Theodore of Stoudios, – Ecumenical Council veneration and, Craik, Elizabeth, via air, – Cross, via water, – Cyril of Jerusalem, – Cohen, Simon Baron, color, –, , –; see also pharmaka da Vinci, Leonardo, aporroe, damnatio memoriae, difference in perceiving, Darrigol, Olivier, mode of light, De Lacy, Phillip, not subject to touch, – Delling, Gerhard, Plato, Demetrios, common notion Democritus, , , , , – prolepsis and, Photios and, Souda, Demosthenes, Stoic, desire, – common sense, –, –, – icons and, , aisthesis and, dianoesis (thought), Aristotle, , krisis, kritike, – doxa and, , , Photios, Gregory of Nyssa, – synkatathesis (assent) and, hypolepsis, types of, metaphor for wax, – dianoia (thought), –, , Nemesios of Emesa, errant, not a sixth sense, mediates mind and soul, phantasia and, –, –, – phantasia and, –, – like metaphor, – diaphanes (medium), –, ; see also Aristotle; primacy among senses, Choumnos; metaxy; pneuma prolepsis, Galen, © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-44089-9 — Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium Roland Betancourt Index More Information Index diastema (interval), icon surface as, truth and, – Dickie, Matthew, – virtues, Dio Chrysostom, Elsner, Jaś, , , , , , , , Diogenes Laertius, –, –, –, , embrace, see aspazomai; kataspazomai; phantasia, perilambano; periptysso Dionysios the Areopagite, pseudo-, John of Damascus and Constantine IX commentary on, compared, – on images, physical versus spiritual, Dioscurides, Empedocles, , , , discernment, see katalambano, kataleptikos enargeia (graphical quality, vividness), , discursive thought, see dianoia – Doctrina patrum, “as if” and, , doxa (belief, opinion), , , definition, , common sense and, , , energeia and, – John Philoponos, Epicurus, mediates soul and phantasia, evincing unmediated truth, – Nemesios of Emesa, – function, , phantasia and, , , , icons and, Aristotle’s distinction, katalēptikē phantasia and, prolepsis and, limits, – Souda, Maximos the Confessor on, uncritical, – meaning shift in middle Byzantium, doxastike hypolepsis (belief-making assumption), , –, – metaphor and, drugs, see pharmaka not sight only, , Duffy, John, painting and, Dumbarton Oaks, – perception and, dynamis eikoniste (image-making faculty), phantasia, , – promise unfulfilled, Dyson, Henry, remediation and, – Stoic, Ecumenical Council, see Seventh Ecumenical synesthesia and, , Council translation, education, –; see also Progymnasmata encompassing, see antilambano primary (propaideia), energeia (activity, operation), – rhetoric in, enfold, see periptysso effluence, see aporroe ennoia (thought), efflux, see aporroe envy, – Egeria, epaphao (contact, touch), –, eidola (replicas), , , , Epicureans, – eidos (form), Epicurus, –, , , – compared to morphe, , enargeia, ekphrasis, – Epiphanios of Salamis, “as if” and, episteme (knowledge), , – definition, – ekphrasis and, – episteme and, – perception and, genre versus technique, – Photios, limits, , – sweetness, – medium, – Zeno, metaphor, epistemology, see episteme; truth not sight only, haptic language, painting and, – representation, phantasia and, , – Stoic, –, sight and, via smell and taste, © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-44089-9 — Sight, Touch, and Imagination in Byzantium Roland Betancourt Index More Information Index eros, –, – Frede, Michael, , , evil eye, Freeman, Elizabeth, gaze, – erudition, as representative of Byzantine society, Gabriel, Archangel, – Galen, – ethopoeia, criticism of pneuma, Eucharist criticized by Symeon Seth, compared to icons, critique of Stoics, – John Chrysostom, – critique of walking stick metaphor, –, perception, – phantasia, – depended