Identification Features of Fabaceae & Application to Selected Species April 30th , 2018 Jennifer Neudorf, SSTS, CFIA © 2017 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada (Canadian Food Inspection Agency), all rights reserved. Use without permission is prohibited. Learning objectives for this course 1. Become familiar with the structures and features of the Fabaceae family that analysts use to gather information about their identity. 2. Know how to apply botany knowledge to distinguish selected species. 2 Introduction to Fabaceae Photo by: Sdecosta; https://shovelingwithsamantha.wordpress.com/2015/01/13/raising-alfalfa-seed-part-1-the- difference/ Photo from: J&L Candles Photo from: Barry Tilman, University of Florida Photo from: Pa Farm & Dairy https://www.farmanddairy.com/news/perdue-soybean-plant- doubles-pa-s-processing-capacity/446259.html 3 The Three Subfamiles of Fabaceae: Mimosoideae Photo from: Wikimedia commons Pleurogram Photo from: GRIN database (Steve Hurst) 4 The Three Subfamiles of Fabaceae: Caesalpinoideae Pleurogram Photo from: GRIN database (Steve Hurst) Photo from: Wikimedia commons 5 The Three Subfamiles of Fabaceae: Faboideae Photo from: Wikimedia commons 6 Fabaceae Legume and Seeds Photo from: Centre for Integrative Legume Research, University of Queensland Stem and flower Fruit / Seed Funiculus Style remnant Ovary Wall Remnant 7 Fabaceae Seed Anatomy Common vetch (Vicia sativa) Plumule Radicle Hilum Cotyledon Hilum Radicle Cotyledon 8 Fabaceae Seed Anatomy Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum) Hilum Radicle Cotyledon Radicle furrow 9 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Shape and Quiz #1 (Find the radicle, cotyledons and hilum) 10 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Shape and Quiz #1 (Find the radicle, cotyledons and hilum) Pea Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) (Pisum sativum) R R H C H C Red clover (Trifolium pratense) Mung bean (Vigna radiata) R C H H C R 11 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Colour + Pattern Lentils Lima bean (Lens culinaris) (Phaselous lunatus) Hairy vetch Blue lupin (Vicia hirsuta) (Lupinus angustifolius) 12 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Colour Changes Black medick (Medicago lupulina) Older seeds Fresh seeds 13 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Colour Changes Sweet clover (Melilotus albus) 14 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Hilum and Position Vetch Top Near top (Vicia sp.) Gorse (Ulex europaeus) Sweet clover (Melilotus sp.) Side Garden bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) 15 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Hilum Shape and Size Mung bean Flat pea (Vigna radiata) (Lathyrus Greater trefoil sylvestris) (Lotus uliginosus) Round hilum Short oval hilum Long oval hilum 16 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Hilum Aril Snap bean Common lespedeza (Vigna unguiculatus) (Kummerowia striata) Gorse (Ulex europaeus) Not an aril Hairy vetch Lupine (Vicia hirsuta) (Lupinus albus) 17 Fabaceae Seed Identification Features: Associated with Hilum Hello,there is a lens right here Phaselous vulgaris) Phaselous Radicle Micropyle Hilum Lens ( bean Garden Blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) 18 Fabaceae Seed Hilum Features: Quiz #2: Find the hilum, radicle and lens 19 Fabaceae Seed Hilum Features: Quiz #2: Find the hilum, radicle and lens Lens Radicle Lens Lentil (Lens culinaris) Hilum Radicle Radicle Hilum Lens Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Hilum Black medick (Medicago lupulina) 20 Using the Hilum and Lens to Distinguish Vicia Species Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) Wild vetch Common vetch (Vicia cracca) (Vicia sativa) Hilum Hilum Hilum Radicle Lens Lens Lens 21 Using the Hilum and Lens to Distinguish Vicia Species Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica) Hilum Lens 22 Fabaceae Quiz #3 1. What is the unique fruit of the Fabaceae called? 2. Find the cotyledons (C), radicle (R), radicle furrow (RF), hilum (H) and lens (L). 3. Which features of these seeds are similar, and which are different (how can you tell these seeds apart)? Alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum) Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) 1.0 2.0 23 Fabaceae Quiz #3 1. What is the unique fruit of the Fabaceae called? Legume 2. Find these features: cotyledons (C), radicle (R), radicle furrow (RF), hilum (H) and lens (L). 3. Which features of these seeds are similar, and which are different (how can you tell these seeds apart)? Similar features: Alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum) Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) • Round hilum • Large radicle L lobe RF Differences: R C • Alfalfa longer 1.0 • Different shape 2.0 • Different colour RF H + pattern C • Lens stands out L H R in the clover 24 Thank you! Acknowledgements: Seeds for imaging: National Seed Herbarium Questions/comments send to: [email protected] 25 26 © 2011 Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada (Canadian Food Inspection Agency), all rights reserved. Use without permission is prohibited. .