THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA MWANZA REGION SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE UGANDA RWANDA KENYA BURUNDI MWANZA ZAMBIA MSUMBIJI Joint Publication by: THE PLANNING COMMISSION DAR ES SALAAM and REGIONAL COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE MWANZA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD............................................................................................................................... v SECTION I...................................................................................................................................1 LAND PEOPLE AND CLIMATE.............................................................................................1 1.0 REGIONAL OVERVIEW .......................................................................................................1 1.1 GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION............................................................................................1 LAND AREA AND ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS ...................................................................1 1.2 ETHNIC GROUPS:.................................................................................................................4 1.3 POPULATION SIZE GROWTH AND DENSITY:.............................................................4 1.4 MIGRATION:.......................................................................................................................18 1.5 EMPLOYMENT:..................................................................................................................21 1.6 CLIMATE AND SOILS: .....................................................................................................22 1.7 AGRO-ECONOMIC ZONES AND TOPOGRAPHY: ......................................................23 SECTION II............................................................................................................................... 28 2.0 REGIONAL ECONOMY:................................................................................................. 28 2.1 INTRODUCTION: ...............................................................................................................28 2.2 GDP AND PER CAPITA GDP: ..........................................................................................28 2.3 PRODUCTIVE SECTORS:..................................................................................................36 2.3.1 AGRICULTURE: ....................................................................................................... 36 FOOD AND CASH CROP PRODUCTION:....................................................................... 39 AGRICULTURAL INPUTS:................................................................................................... 49 IRRIGATION: .......................................................................................................................... 50 2.3.2 LIVESTOCK: .....................................................................................................................51 2.3.3 FORESTRY: .......................................................................................................................70 2.3.4 FISHERIES:........................................................................................................................77 2.3.5 BEEKEEPING: ...................................................................................................................83 2.3.6 WILDLIFE: ........................................................................................................................87 2.3.7 INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT:....................................................................................89 i 2.3.8 MINING: ............................................................................................................................98 SECTION III ...........................................................................................................................101 ECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE.....................................................................................101 3.1 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................101 3.2 ROADS: ..............................................................................................................................102 3.3 MARINE TRANSPORT ...................................................................................................106 3.4 RAILWAY TRANSPORT ...............................................................................................109 3.5 AIR TRANSPORT.............................................................................................................110 3.6 COMMUNICATION NETWORK...................................................................................110 3.7 ENERGY..............................................................................................................................111 SECTION IV ...........................................................................................................................114 SOCIAL SERVICE................................................................................................................114 4.1 EDUCATION SECTOR.....................................................................................................114 4.1.1 PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION...................................................................................114 PRIMARY SCHOOL BUILDINGS .....................................................................................126 4.1.2 SECONDARY SCHOOL EDUCATION.............................................................................132 4.1.3 ADULT EDUCATION......................................................................................................138 4.1.4 VOCATIONAL TRAINING...............................................................................................146 4.2 HEALTH SECTOR ............................................................................................................148 4.2.1 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................148 4.2.1 HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE ....................................................................................152 4.2.2 MANPOWER REQUIREMENTS.................................................................................157 4.2.3 LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH..................................................................................158 4.2.4 INFANT AND UNDER FIVE MORTALITY: .............................................................161 4.2.5 MATERNAL MORTALITY.........................................................................................166 4.2.6 MALNUTRITION ..........................................................................................................167 4.2.7 IMMUNIZATION OF CHILDREN ..............................................................................168 4.2.8 A I D S..............................................................................................................................172 4.2.9 SANITATION.................................................................................................................172 4.2.10 OTHER HEALTH DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS..................................................173 4.3 WATER SECTOR..............................................................................................................175 4.3.1 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................175 4.3.2 RURAL WATER SUPPLIES .........................................................................................175 4.3.3 URBAN WATER SUPPLIES .......................................................................................177 4.3.4 OVERALL WATER SUPPLY SITUATION................................................................178 ii 4.3.5 ADMINISTRATION OF WATER SUPPLY ACILITIES ..........................................182 4.3.6 OTHER RELATED ISSUES...........................................................................................184 S E C T I O N V .....................................................................................................................185 5.0 OTHER DEVELOPMENT ISSUES ..............................................................................185 5.1 WOMEN DEVELOPMENT..............................................................................................185 5.2 COOPERATIVES ...............................................................................................................188 5.3 NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (NGOS) ...............................................191 5.4 REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS SUPPORTED BY DONORS................194 5.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION.........................................................................197 5.6 TOURISM...........................................................................................................................200 SECTION VI...........................................................................................................................201 POTENTIAL INVESTMENT AREAS:...............................................................................201 6.1 AGRICULTURE:..................................................................................................................201 6.2 LIVESTOCK:........................................................................................................................202